Abstract
Abstract Residual herbicides remain the primary tool for efficient weed control in cucurbit crops because of the lack of crop tolerance to many POST herbicide options. Field experiments were conducted in New Jersey in 2018 and 2019 to determine weed control efficacy and tolerance of direct-seeded cucumber ‘Python’ and summer squash ‘Gold Prize’ to S -metolachlor applied at 0.7 or 1.4 kg ai ha −1 at planting (PRE) or when crops reached the second- to third-leaf stage (EPOST). Regardless of applied rate, S -metolachlor PRE or EPOST provided 96% to 100% control 3 wk after planting (WAP) of smooth pigweed, large crabgrass, and giant foxtail. S -metolachlor PRE significantly improved American black nightshade and carpetweed control 3 WAP with respect to bensulide, and smooth pigweed with respect to clomazone + ethalfluralin. Summer squash showed excellent tolerance, regardless of S -metolachlor rate or timing of application, with stunting not exceeding 17% 4 WAP and 3% 7 WAP at the 1.4 kg ha −1 rate. Marketable yield decreased by 15% with S -metolachlor PRE or POST at 1.4 kg ha −1 with respect to clomazone + ethalfluralin, a reduction not noted when comparing with bensulide or the handweeded control. Marketable fruit number plant −1 and individual fruit weight were not affected by S -metolachlor applications. Conversely, cucumber was more sensitive to S -metolachlor than summer squash was with 30% seedling emergence reduction and 36% to 43% stunting 4 WAP when S -metolachlor was applied PRE at 1.4 kg ha −1 . EPOST application resulted in 15% to 26% cucumber injury 1 wk after treatment. Marketable yield declined by 21% and 39% with the 0.7 and 1.4 kg ha −1 rates of S -metolachlor, respectively, compared with clomazone + ethalfluralin. Therefore, S -metolachlor may be a novel alternative to already labeled residual herbicides for summer squash, but unacceptable injury and yield reduction do not support its registration on cucumber.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
S-metolachlor PRE or EPOST gave 96% to 100% control of smooth pigweed and large crabgrass, and giant foxtail, 3 weeks after planting.
- Taxon
- summer squash and cucumbert0
- Treatment
- S -metolachlor PRE or EPOSTe1
- Interactor
- smooth pigweed
Amaranthus hybriduse1weed - Second interactor
- large crabgrasse1weed
- Outcome
- controle1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Value
- 96% to 100%e1
- Qualifier
- giant foxtaile1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Weed control and crop tolerance with S-metolachlor in seeded summer squash and cucumber”
e1“Regardless of applied rate, S -metolachlor PRE or EPOST provided 96% to 100% control 3 wk after planting (WAP) of smooth pigweed, large crabgrass, and giant foxtail”
Claim · model-written summary
Summer squash stunting did not exceed 17% at 4 weeks after planting at the 1.4 kg ha-1 S-metolachlor rate.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Weed control and crop tolerance with S-metolachlor in seeded summer squash and cucumber”
e2“Summer squash showed excellent tolerance, regardless of S -metolachlor rate or timing of application, with stunting not exceeding 17% 4 WAP and 3% 7 WAP at the 1.4 kg ha −1 rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Summer squash stunting did not exceed 3% at 7 weeks after planting at the 1.4 kg ha-1 S-metolachlor rate.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Weed control and crop tolerance with S-metolachlor in seeded summer squash and cucumber”
e2“Summer squash showed excellent tolerance, regardless of S -metolachlor rate or timing of application, with stunting not exceeding 17% 4 WAP and 3% 7 WAP at the 1.4 kg ha −1 rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Marketable yield decreased by 15% with S-metolachlor PRE or POST at 1.4 kg ha-1 compared with clomazone + ethalfluralin.
Verbatim
t0“Weed control and crop tolerance with S-metolachlor in seeded summer squash and cucumber”
e3“Marketable yield decreased by 15% with S -metolachlor PRE or POST at 1.4 kg ha −1 with respect to clomazone + ethalfluralin”
Claim · model-written summary
Marketable yield with S-metolachlor PRE or POST at 1.4 kg ha-1 was not reduced compared with bensulide or the handweeded control.
Verbatim
t0“Weed control and crop tolerance with S-metolachlor in seeded summer squash and cucumber”
e3“Marketable yield decreased by 15% with S -metolachlor PRE or POST at 1.4 kg ha −1 with respect to clomazone + ethalfluralin”
e4“a reduction not noted when comparing with bensulide or the handweeded control”
Claim · model-written summary
Marketable fruit number per plant and individual fruit weight were not affected by S-metolachlor applications.
- Taxon
- summer squash and cucumbert0
- Treatment
- S -metolachlor applicationse5
- Outcome
- Marketable fruit number plant −1 and individual fruit weighte5
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede5
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Weed control and crop tolerance with S-metolachlor in seeded summer squash and cucumber”
e5“Marketable fruit number plant −1 and individual fruit weight were not affected by S -metolachlor applications”
Claim · model-written summary
Cucumber seedling emergence was reduced by 30% by PRE S-metolachlor at 1.4 kg ha-1, more than in summer squash.
- Taxon
- cucumber
Cucumis sativuse6 - Treatment
- S -metolachlor was applied PRE at 1.4 kg ha −1e6
- Outcome
- seedling emergencee6
- Direction
- reductione6
- Value
- 30%e6
- Comparator
- summer squashe6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Weed control and crop tolerance with S-metolachlor in seeded summer squash and cucumber”
e6“cucumber was more sensitive to S -metolachlor than summer squash was with 30% seedling emergence reduction and 36% to 43% stunting 4 WAP when S -metolachlor was applied PRE at 1.4 kg ha −1”
Claim · model-written summary
Cucumber stunting at 4 weeks after planting was 36% to 43% with PRE S-metolachlor at 1.4 kg ha-1, more than in summer squash.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse6
- Treatment
- S -metolachlor was applied PRE at 1.4 kg ha −1e6
- Outcome
- stuntinge6
- Direction
- increaseinferrede6
- Value
- 36% to 43%e6
- Comparator
- summer squashe6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Weed control and crop tolerance with S-metolachlor in seeded summer squash and cucumber”
e6“cucumber was more sensitive to S -metolachlor than summer squash was with 30% seedling emergence reduction and 36% to 43% stunting 4 WAP when S -metolachlor was applied PRE at 1.4 kg ha −1”
Claim · model-written summary
Post-emergence S-metolachlor caused 15% to 26% cucumber injury one week after treatment.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse7
- Treatment
- EPOST applicatione7
- Outcome
- injurye7
- Direction
- increaseinferrede7
- Value
- 15% to 26%e7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Weed control and crop tolerance with S-metolachlor in seeded summer squash and cucumber”
e7“EPOST application resulted in 15% to 26% cucumber injury 1 wk after treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Marketable yield declined by 21% with the 0.7 kg ha-1 S-metolachlor rate compared with clomazone + ethalfluralin.
Verbatim
t0“Weed control and crop tolerance with S-metolachlor in seeded summer squash and cucumber”
e1“Marketable yield declined by 21% and 39% with the 0.7 and 1.4 kg ha −1 rates of S -metolachlor, respectively, compared with clomazone + ethalfluralin”
Claim · model-written summary
Marketable yield declined by 39% with the 1.4 kg ha-1 S-metolachlor rate compared with clomazone + ethalfluralin.
Verbatim
t0“Weed control and crop tolerance with S-metolachlor in seeded summer squash and cucumber”
e1“Marketable yield declined by 21% and 39% with the 0.7 and 1.4 kg ha −1 rates of S -metolachlor, respectively, compared with clomazone + ethalfluralin”
Claim · model-written summary
S-metolachlor may be a novel alternative to labelled residual herbicides for summer squash.
Verbatim
t0“Weed control and crop tolerance with S-metolachlor in seeded summer squash and cucumber”
e1“S -metolachlor may be a novel alternative to already labeled residual herbicides for summer squash”
Claim · model-written summary
Unacceptable injury and yield reduction do not support registration of S-metolachlor on cucumber.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse1
- Outcome
- registration on cucumbere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Weed control and crop tolerance with S-metolachlor in seeded summer squash and cucumber”
e1“unacceptable injury and yield reduction do not support its registration on cucumber”
The same questions in other papers
metolachlor · crop injury · Cucurbita (pumpkins)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
metolachlor · growth · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.