Abstract
Cucumber growing is becoming increasingly popular in Nigeria's Sudan savanna region due to its health benefits and minimal impact on the soil. However, weed infestation is a major challenge that can significantly reduce yields, by up to 45-95%. In view of this, two trials were conducted at the Teaching and Research farm of the Faculty of Agriculture and the net house of the Centre for Dryland Agriculture of the Bayero University Kano to examine the effects of weed control and staking on cucumbers during the 2021 dry season. The trial consisted of eight weed control treatments and two staking methods which were arranged in a split plot design with three replicates, with staking assigned to the main plot while weed control was assigned to the sub plots. The study analyzed data on growth and yield, using Genstat (17th edition) and significantly different means were separated using the Student Newman-Keuls Test (SNK) at a 5% level of probability. Results showed a higher composition of grass and broadleaf weeds in open fields compared to controlled net house environments. Weed Control Efficiency (WCE) was greater in weed-free plots, but Butachlor and metolachlor significantly outperformed other treatments, providing higher WCE. The herbicidal treated plots significantly resulted in longer days to 50% emergence than other treatments, while it also resulted in a shorter number of days to 50% flowering and fruiting than weedy check. The vine length, number of leaves, leaf area, and chlorophyll content were highly significant (p<0.01) in weed free, butachlor at 1.5 + Imazethapyr 1.5 kg a.i.ha-1 post emergence ( POE) and metolachlor at 1.5 + Imazethapyr 1.5 kg a.i.ha-1 POE. Similarly, yield and yield attributes followed the same pattern as obtained in growth components. Staking of vines on the other hand significantly resulted in greater growth and yield of cucumber. Based on these findings, farmers in the study area are advised to grow cucumber staked with the application of Butachlor at 1.5 + Imazethapyr 1.5 kg a.i.ha-1 POE and metolachlor at 1.5 + Imazethapyr 1.5 kg a.i.ha-1 POE for sustainable weed management.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Open fields had more grass and broadleaf weeds than net houses.
- Taxon
- cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)
Cucumis sativust0 - Interactor
- grass and broadleaf weedse0weed
- Outcome
- composition of grass and broadleaf weedse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- controlled net house environmentse0
- Setting
- Kanot1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
t1“Kano”
e0“higher composition of grass and broadleaf weeds in open fields compared to controlled net house environments”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed-free plots had greater weed control efficiency.
- Taxon
- cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)Cucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- weed-free plotse0
- Outcome
- Weed Control Efficiency (WCE)e0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Setting
- Kanot1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
t1“Kano”
e0“Weed Control Efficiency (WCE) was greater in weed-free plots”
e2“higher composition of grass and broadleaf weeds in open fields compared to controlled net house environments”
Claim · model-written summary
Butachlor provided higher weed control efficiency than other treatments.
- Taxon
- cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)Cucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- Butachlore0
- Outcome
- WCEe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
- Setting
- Kanot1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
t1“Kano”
e0“Butachlor and metolachlor significantly outperformed other treatments, providing higher WCE”
e2“higher composition of grass and broadleaf weeds in open fields compared to controlled net house environments”
Claim · model-written summary
Metolachlor provided higher weed control efficiency than other treatments.
- Taxon
- cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)Cucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- metolachlore0
- Outcome
- WCEe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
- Setting
- Kanot1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
t1“Kano”
e0“Butachlor and metolachlor significantly outperformed other treatments, providing higher WCE”
e2“higher composition of grass and broadleaf weeds in open fields compared to controlled net house environments”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide treated plots took longer to reach 50% emergence.
- Taxon
- cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)Cucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- herbicidal treated plotse0
- Outcome
- days to 50% emergencee0
- Direction
- longere0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
- Setting
- Kanot1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
t1“Kano”
e0“The herbicidal treated plots significantly resulted in longer days to 50% emergence than other treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide treated plots reached 50% flowering sooner than the weedy check.
- Taxon
- cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)Cucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- herbicidal treated plotse1
- Outcome
- days to 50% floweringe0
- Direction
- shortere0
- Comparator
- weedy checke0
- Setting
- Kanot1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
t1“Kano”
e0“it also resulted in a shorter number of days to 50% flowering and fruiting than weedy check”
e1“The herbicidal treated plots”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide treated plots reached fruiting sooner than the weedy check.
- Taxon
- cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)Cucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- herbicidal treated plotse1
- Outcome
- fruitinge0
- Direction
- shortere0
- Comparator
- weedy checke0
- Setting
- Kanot1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
t1“Kano”
e0“it also resulted in a shorter number of days to 50% flowering and fruiting than weedy check”
e1“The herbicidal treated plots”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed-free treatment improved vine length, leaf number and leaf area.
- Taxon
- cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)Cucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- weed freee0
- Outcome
- vine length, number of leaves, leaf areae0
- Setting
- Kanot1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
t1“Kano”
e0“The vine length, number of leaves, leaf area, and chlorophyll content were highly significant (p<0.01) in weed free, butachlor at 1.5 + Imazethapyr 1.5 kg a.i.ha-1 post emergence ( POE) and metolachlor at 1.5 + Imazethapyr 1.5 kg a.i.ha-1 POE”
Claim · model-written summary
Butachlor plus imazethapyr significantly affected vine length, leaf number and leaf area.
- Taxon
- cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)Cucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- butachlor at 1.5 + Imazethapyr 1.5 kg a.i.ha-1 post emergence ( POE)e0
- Outcome
- vine length, number of leaves, leaf areae0
- Setting
- Kanot1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
t1“Kano”
e0“The vine length, number of leaves, leaf area, and chlorophyll content were highly significant (p<0.01) in weed free, butachlor at 1.5 + Imazethapyr 1.5 kg a.i.ha-1 post emergence ( POE) and metolachlor at 1.5 + Imazethapyr 1.5 kg a.i.ha-1 POE”
Claim · model-written summary
Metolachlor plus imazethapyr significantly affected vine length, leaf number and leaf area.
- Taxon
- cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)Cucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- metolachlor at 1.5 + Imazethapyr 1.5 kg a.i.ha-1 POEe0
- Outcome
- vine length, number of leaves, leaf areae0
- Setting
- Kanot1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
t1“Kano”
e0“The vine length, number of leaves, leaf area, and chlorophyll content were highly significant (p<0.01) in weed free, butachlor at 1.5 + Imazethapyr 1.5 kg a.i.ha-1 post emergence ( POE) and metolachlor at 1.5 + Imazethapyr 1.5 kg a.i.ha-1 POE”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed-free treatment significantly affected chlorophyll content.
- Taxon
- cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)Cucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- weed freee0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Setting
- Kanot1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
t1“Kano”
e0“The vine length, number of leaves, leaf area, and chlorophyll content were highly significant (p<0.01) in weed free, butachlor at 1.5 + Imazethapyr 1.5 kg a.i.ha-1 post emergence ( POE) and metolachlor at 1.5 + Imazethapyr 1.5 kg a.i.ha-1 POE”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield and yield attributes followed the growth component pattern.
- Taxon
- cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)Cucumis sativust0
- Outcome
- yield and yield attributese0
- Setting
- Kanot1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
t1“Kano”
e0“Similarly, yield and yield attributes followed the same pattern as obtained in growth components”
Claim · model-written summary
Staking increased cucumber growth and yield.
- Taxon
- cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)Cucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- Staking of vinese0
- Outcome
- growth and yielde0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Setting
- Kanot1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
t1“Kano”
e0“Staking of vines on the other hand significantly resulted in greater growth and yield of cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Farmers in the area are advised to stake cucumber and apply the stated butachlor mixture for weed management.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Outcome
- grow cucumber staked with the application of Butachlor at 1.5 + Imazethapyr 1.5 kg a.i.ha-1 POEe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
e0“farmers in the study area are advised to grow cucumber staked with the application of Butachlor at 1.5 + Imazethapyr 1.5 kg a.i.ha-1 POE”
Claim · model-written summary
Farmers in the area are advised to stake cucumber and apply the stated metolachlor mixture for weed management.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Outcome
- metolachlor at 1.5 + Imazethapyr 1.5 kg a.i.ha-1 POEe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
e0“farmers in the study area are advised to grow cucumber staked with the application of Butachlor at 1.5 + Imazethapyr 1.5 kg a.i.ha-1 POE and metolachlor at 1.5 + Imazethapyr 1.5 kg a.i.ha-1 POE”
The same questions in other papers
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2 in the opposite direction
- negative
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metolachlor · growth · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
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herbicide · phenology · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Positive and negative results
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herbicide · growth · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Positive and negative results
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7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
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See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.