Abstract
In recent years Russian sugar production has exceeded the country needs with a surplus of 500.000 tons. Sugar producers and traders are forced to start trading on the global markets. However, ineffective production, caused by low yields of sugar puts the price of Russian sugar 35 to 50 % higher than the leading sugar exporters. Weeds belong to one of the main factors reducing sugar beet yield. Weeds that survive control operations may cause significant crop yield reductions. Rapid emergence and homogeneous crop stand are very important for competition with weeds. At the same time, the crop may be suppressed by selective herbicide application, if herbicides are applied during suboptimal weather conditions. This study evaluated glyphosate-tolerant sugar beet technology and seed priming for the possibility to increase the productivity of sugar beet cultivation. A series of studies were carried out in different environments in Germany and in Russian Federation. The scope of the studies was dealing with: \ni) comparison of the conventional weed control technology with technology, based on glyphosate applications; ii) a study of the crop weed interaction in German environment and in the environment of the Central black soil region of the Russian Federation; iii) tests of sugar beet seed priming for the speed of germination by means of growth chamber test, and for the speed of emergence in the soil seedbed, by means of greenhouse and field experiments. The results of the conducted experiments are concentrated in three scientific articles that have been published in the international peer-reviewed journals: The purpose of the first article was to analyse the weed control efficacy of weed control schemes with one, two and three applications of glyphosate and compare it with the conventional weed control technology. The results show that the application of glyphosate supplied significantly higher efficacy of weed control than conventional herbicides. In five out of 7 experiments single application of glyphosate gave the same weed control efficacy as two or three applications. No significant differences in weed control efficacy were observed between two different dosages of glyphosate 900 and 1350 g a.e. ha-1. The variants treated with conventional herbicides and with two and three glyphosate applications showed no significant differences in white sugar yield. In one location, the variant with one application of glyphosate resulted in lower white sugar yield due to delayed application of herbicide, and longer time of crop and weed interference. The aim of the second article was to study the yield loss caused by the competition with weeds in different environments. In the Russian locations Chenopodium album L. and Amaranthus retroflexus L. caused serious yield reduction already at low plant densities. White sugar yields harvested at Russian locations were approximately 45 % lower than in German locations. At Russian locations 50 % of the maximum weed population has caused more than 80 % yield reduction. Relative weed cover was the best predictor of the sugar beet yield loss. Weed biomass and weed density gave less accurate predictions. The third article was focused on testing of priming technology on the seed performance and crop establishment. In the controlled environment, primed seeds needed 10 days to reach full germination percentage of the seeds, for not primed seeds it took between 12 and 14 days. Primed seeds produced significantly larger area of plant foliage area and amount of dry biomass than non-rimed seeds. In uncontrolled environments, findings of previous experiments could not be confirmed. Priming did not influence the weed suppressive ability of the crop and the white sugar yield. The general conclusion of this dissertation is that GT technology may help to improve the profitability of sugar beet cultivation for Russian growers by reducing the number of herbicide applications and increase weed control efficacy. Seed priming can give benefits for crop establishment, however only under specific environmental conditions.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate applications controlled weeds more effectively than conventional herbicides.
- Taxon
- sugar beet
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0 - Treatment
- application of glyphosatee0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- efficacy of weed controle0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- conventional herbicidese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of glyphosate supplied significantly higher efficacy of weed control than conventional herbicides.”
t0“sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
One glyphosate application achieved the same weed control efficacy as two or three in five of seven experiments.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- single application of glyphosatee0
- Outcome
- weed control efficacye0
- Direction
- samee0
- Qualifier
- five out of 7 experimentse0
- Comparator
- two or three applicationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In five out of 7 experiments single application of glyphosate gave the same weed control efficacy as two or three applications.”
t0“sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed control efficacy did not differ significantly between glyphosate doses of 900 and 1350 g a.e. ha-1.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- 900e0
- Outcome
- weed control efficacye0
- Direction
- No significant differencese0
- Comparator
- 1350 g a.e. ha-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No significant differences in weed control efficacy were observed between two different dosages of glyphosate 900 and 1350 g a.e. ha-1.”
t0“sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
White sugar yield did not differ significantly between conventional herbicides and two glyphosate applications.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- two and three glyphosate applicationse0
- Outcome
- white sugar yielde0
- Direction
- no significant differencese0
- Comparator
- conventional herbicidese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The variants treated with conventional herbicides and with two and three glyphosate applications showed no significant differences in white sugar yield.”
t0“sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
White sugar yield did not differ significantly between conventional herbicides and three glyphosate applications.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- three glyphosate applicationse0
- Outcome
- white sugar yielde0
- Direction
- no significant differencese0
- Comparator
- conventional herbicidese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The variants treated with conventional herbicides and with two and three glyphosate applications showed no significant differences in white sugar yield.”
t0“sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
At one location, delayed single glyphosate application lowered white sugar yield.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- one application of glyphosatee0
- Outcome
- white sugar yielde0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- delayed application of herbicidee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In one location, the variant with one application of glyphosate resulted in lower white sugar yield due to delayed application of herbicide, and longer time of crop and weed interference.”
t0“sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Chenopodium album caused serious yield reduction at low densities in Russian locations.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Interactor
- Chenopodium album L.
Chenopodium albume0weed - Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Qualifier
- low plant densitiese0
- Setting
- Russian locationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the Russian locations Chenopodium album L. and Amaranthus retroflexus L. caused serious yield reduction already at low plant densities.”
t0“sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Amaranthus retroflexus caused serious yield reduction at low densities in Russian locations.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Interactor
- Amaranthus retroflexus L.
Amaranthus retroflexuse0weed - Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Qualifier
- low plant densitiese0
- Setting
- Russian locationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the Russian locations Chenopodium album L. and Amaranthus retroflexus L. caused serious yield reduction already at low plant densities.”
t0“sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
White sugar yields in Russian locations were about 45 % lower than German locations.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Outcome
- White sugar yieldse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 45 %e0
- Comparator
- German locationse0
- Setting
- Russian locationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“White sugar yields harvested at Russian locations were approximately 45 % lower than in German locations.”
t0“sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
At Russian locations, 50 % of maximum weed population caused over 80 % yield reduction.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- more than 80 %e0
- Qualifier
- 50 % of the maximum weed populatione0
- Setting
- Russian locationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At Russian locations 50 % of the maximum weed population has caused more than 80 % yield reduction.”
t0“sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative weed cover predicted sugar beet yield loss better than weed biomass and density.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- best predictor of the sugar beet yield losse0
- Direction
- beste0
- Comparator
- Weed biomass and weed densitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Relative weed cover was the best predictor of the sugar beet yield loss. Weed biomass and weed density gave less accurate predictions.”
Claim · model-written summary
Primed seeds reached full germination in 10 days versus 12 to 14 for unprimed seeds in controlled conditions.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- primed seedse0
- Outcome
- full germination percentagee0
- Value
- 10 dayse0
- Qualifier
- between 12 and 14 dayse0
- Comparator
- not primed seedse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the controlled environment, primed seeds needed 10 days to reach full germination percentage of the seeds, for not primed seeds it took between 12 and 14 days.”
t0“sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Primed seeds produced greater foliage area and dry biomass than unprimed seeds.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Primed seedse0
- Outcome
- area of plant foliage area and amount of dry biomasse0
- Direction
- largere0
- Comparator
- non-rimed seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Primed seeds produced significantly larger area of plant foliage area and amount of dry biomass than non-rimed seeds.”
t0“sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
In uncontrolled conditions, priming did not affect crop weed suppression.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Priminge0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed suppressive ability of the crope0
- Direction
- did not influencee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In uncontrolled environments, findings of previous experiments could not be confirmed. Priming did not influence the weed suppressive ability of the crop and the white sugar yield.”
t0“sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
In uncontrolled conditions, priming did not affect white sugar yield.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Priminge0
- Outcome
- white sugar yielde0
- Direction
- did not influencee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In uncontrolled environments, findings of previous experiments could not be confirmed. Priming did not influence the weed suppressive ability of the crop and the white sugar yield.”
t0“sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude glyphosate-tolerant technology may improve profitability through fewer herbicide applications and better weed control.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- GT technologye0
- Outcome
- improve the profitability of sugar beet cultivatione0
- Direction
- improvee0
- Setting
- Russiane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“GT technology may help to improve the profitability of sugar beet cultivation for Russian growers by reducing the number of herbicide applications and increase weed control efficacy.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude seed priming may benefit crop establishment under specific environmental conditions.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Seed priminge0
- Outcome
- benefits for crop establishmente0
- Qualifier
- only under specific environmental conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed priming can give benefits for crop establishment, however only under specific environmental conditions.”
t0“sugar beet”
The same questions in other papers
glyphosate · weed · Beta vulgaris (beet)Positive and negative results
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- positive
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →glyphosate · quality: sugar starch · Beta vulgaris (beet)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
seed treatment · quality: sugar starch · Beta vulgaris (beet)Results differ
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →seed treatment · growth · Beta vulgaris (beet)Positive and negative results
30 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- no effect
30 papers more in this group
See all 34 papers →seed treatment · weed · Beta vulgaris (beet)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.