Abstract
Application ofglyphosate (N-Iphosphonomethyll glycine) toexporting leaves ofsugar beet (Beta vulgaris, L.)during thedaylowered stomatal conductance andcarbon fixation. Allocation ofnewlyfixed carbon to foliar starch accumulation wasnearly completely inhibited, being decreased bythesameamount asnetcarbon fixation. Incontrast, decreasing netcarbon fixation inuntreated leaves bylowering CO2concentration caused starch accumulation todecrease, butonlyinthesameproportion asnetcarbon fixation. Shikimate level increased 50-fold intreated leaves buttheelevated rate ofcarbon accumulation inshikimate wasonly4% ofthedecrease intherate ofstarch accumulation. Application ofsteady state labeling with14C02 toexporting leaves confirmed theabove changes incarbon metabolism, butrevealed noother major daytime differences inthe14C-content ofaminoacids orother compounds between treated andcontrol leaves. Less14Caccumulated intreated leaves because of decreased fixation, notincreased export. Theproportion ofnewly fixed carbon allocated tosucrose increased, maintaining export atthelevel in control leaves. Returning netcarbon exchange totherate before treatment restored starch accumulation fully andprevented adecrease inexport during thesubsequent darkperiod.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate lowered stomatal conductance in sugar beet exporting leaves.
- Taxon
- sugar beet
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0 - Organ / stage
- exporting leavese0
- Treatment
- glyphosatee0
- Outcome
- stomatal conductancee0
- Direction
- lowerede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application ofglyphosate (N-Iphosphonomethyll glycine) toexporting leaves ofsugar beet (Beta vulgaris, L.)during thedaylowered stomatal conductance andcarbon fixation”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate lowered carbon fixation in sugar beet exporting leaves.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- glyphosatee0
- Outcome
- carbon fixatione0
- Direction
- lowerede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application ofglyphosate (N-Iphosphonomethyll glycine) toexporting leaves ofsugar beet (Beta vulgaris, L.)during thedaylowered stomatal conductance andcarbon fixation”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate nearly completely inhibited allocation of fixed carbon to foliar starch.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist1
- Treatment
- Glyphosatet0
- Outcome
- foliar starch accumulatione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Allocation ofnewlyfixed carbon to foliar starch accumulation wasnearly completely inhibited”
t0“Glyphosate Inhibits Photosynthesis”
t1“sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Lowering CO2 in untreated leaves decreased starch accumulation in proportion to net carbon fixation.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- lowering CO2concentratione0
- Outcome
- starch accumulatione0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Comparator
- untreated leavese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreasing netcarbon fixation inuntreated leaves bylowering CO2concentration caused starch accumulation todecrease, butonlyinthesameproportion asnetcarbon fixation”
t0“sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Shikimate level increased 50 fold in treated sugar beet leaves.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- glyphosatet1
- Outcome
- Shikimate levele0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 50-folde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shikimate level increased 50-fold intreated leaves”
t0“sugar beet”
t1“glyphosate”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased shikimate carbon accumulation accounted for only 4% of decreased starch accumulation rate.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Outcome
- rate ofcarbon accumulation inshikimatee0
- Direction
- elevatede0
- Value
- 4%e0
- Comparator
- rate ofstarch accumulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“theelevated rate ofcarbon accumulation inshikimate wasonly4% ofthedecrease intherate ofstarch accumulation”
t0“sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
No other major daytime differences in labeled amino acids or compounds were found between treated and control leaves.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Outcome
- 14C-content ofaminoacids orother compoundse0
- Direction
- noother major daytime differencese0
- Comparator
- control leavese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“noother major daytime differences inthe14C-content ofaminoacids orother compounds between treated andcontrol leaves”
t0“sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Less labeled carbon accumulated in treated leaves because fixation decreased.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Outcome
- 14Caccumulated intreated leavese0
- Qualifier
- decreased fixatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Less14Caccumulated intreated leaves because of decreased fixation, notincreased export”
t0“sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
The proportion of newly fixed carbon allocated to sucrose increased after glyphosate treatment.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- glyphosatet1
- Outcome
- proportion ofnewly fixed carbon allocated tosucrosee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Theproportion ofnewly fixed carbon allocated tosucrose increased”
t0“sugar beet”
t1“glyphosate”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbon export was maintained at the level of control leaves.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Outcome
- exporte0
- Direction
- maintaininge0
- Comparator
- control leavese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maintaining export atthelevel in control leaves”
t0“sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Restoring net carbon exchange fully restored starch accumulation.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Returning netcarbon exchange totherate before treatmente0
- Outcome
- starch accumulatione0
- Direction
- restorede0
- Comparator
- before treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Returning netcarbon exchange totherate before treatment restored starch accumulation fully”
t0“sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Restoring net carbon exchange prevented a decline in export during the following dark period.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Returning netcarbon exchange totherate before treatmente0
- Outcome
- exporte0
- Direction
- prevented adecreasee0
- Qualifier
- subsequent darkperiode0
- Comparator
- before treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Returning netcarbon exchange totherate before treatment restored starch accumulation fully andprevented adecrease inexport during thesubsequent darkperiod”
t0“sugar beet”
The same questions in other papers
glyphosate · physiology: gas exchange · Beta vulgaris (beet)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
glyphosate · molecular: metabolites · Beta vulgaris (beet)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
glyphosate · quality: sugar starch · Beta vulgaris (beet)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.