Abstract
Optimum water–fertilizer management in rainfed agriculture is an important factor in improving crop productivity and the ecological environment under fluctuating climate conditions, especially in Southwest China, where seasonal drought and waterlogging occur frequently. In order to investigate the effects of different cultivation technologies on growth and the water and fertilizer use efficiency of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), a two-year field study was conducted in rainy (2016–2017) and drought (2017–2018) seasons which included three cultivation patterns: (1) conventional flat planting (FP); (2) straw mulching (SM); (3) ridge-furrow rainfall harvesting system (RF), and three fertilization patterns: (1) conventional fertilization (CF); (2) reduced slow-release fertilizer (SR); and (3) no fertilizer as a control treatment. The results indicated that the yield and its composition values were lower in the rainy year than in the seasonal dry year. The single water-saving technology had no significant effect on yield increase when seasonal drought occurred. The two technologies (SM + SR and RF + SR) improved the height, leaf SPAD value and dry matter of the rapeseed and adjusted the root–shoot ratio under two different climate conditions. In the rainy season, these technologies reduced the loss of nutrients, while in the seasonal drought year, it increased the soil moisture. The SM + SR and RF + SR increased the yield of rapeseed by 7.71% and 29.93% and enhanced oil content by 4.64% and 7.91%, respectively, compared with the local cultivation pattern. Meanwhile, these treatments decreased the total water consumption during whole growth stages and promoted water use efficiency by 14.84% and 28.71%, respectively. The combination of SM + SR and RF + SR also increased the accumulation of N, P, and K and significantly promoted the utilization efficiency of fertilizer. In the future, the adverse effects of environmental factors could be relieved, and the goal of cost savings and increasing efficiency could be achieved by adopting the optimal cultivation technologies in rapeseed production of Southwest China.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Yield and its composition values of rapeseed were lower in the rainy year than in the seasonal dry year.
Verbatim
e0“use efficiency of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)”
e2“The results indicated that the yield and its composition values were lower in the rainy year than in the seasonal dry year”
Claim · model-written summary
The single water-saving technology had no significant effect on rapeseed yield increase under seasonal drought.
- Taxon
- rapeseede0
- Treatment
- single water-saving technologye3
- Outcome
- yield increasee3
- Direction
- no significant effecte3
- Setting
- seasonal droughte3
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“use efficiency of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)”
e3“The single water-saving technology had no significant effect on yield increase when seasonal drought occurred”
Claim · model-written summary
The two technologies improved plant height, leaf SPAD value and dry matter of rapeseed.
- Taxon
- rapeseede0
- Treatment
- The two technologies (SM + SR and RF + SR)e4
- Outcome
- height, leaf SPAD value and dry mattere4
- Direction
- improvede4
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“use efficiency of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)”
e4“The two technologies (SM + SR and RF + SR) improved the height, leaf SPAD value and dry matter of the rapeseed and adjusted the root–shoot ratio under two different climate conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
The two technologies adjusted the root–shoot ratio of rapeseed.
- Taxon
- rapeseede0
- Treatment
- The two technologies (SM + SR and RF + SR)e4
- Outcome
- root–shoot ratioe4
- Direction
- adjustede4
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“use efficiency of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)”
e4“The two technologies (SM + SR and RF + SR) improved the height, leaf SPAD value and dry matter of the rapeseed and adjusted the root–shoot ratio under two different climate conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
SM + SR increased rapeseed yield by 7.71% compared with the local cultivation pattern.
Verbatim
e0“use efficiency of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)”
e6“The SM + SR and RF + SR increased the yield of rapeseed by 7.71% and 29.93% and enhanced oil content by 4.64% and 7.91%, respectively, compared with the local cultivation pattern”
Claim · model-written summary
RF + SR increased rapeseed yield by 29.93% compared with the local cultivation pattern.
Verbatim
e0“use efficiency of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)”
e6“The SM + SR and RF + SR increased the yield of rapeseed by 7.71% and 29.93% and enhanced oil content by 4.64% and 7.91%, respectively, compared with the local cultivation pattern”
Claim · model-written summary
SM + SR enhanced rapeseed oil content by 4.64% compared with the local cultivation pattern.
Verbatim
e0“use efficiency of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)”
e6“The SM + SR and RF + SR increased the yield of rapeseed by 7.71% and 29.93% and enhanced oil content by 4.64% and 7.91%, respectively, compared with the local cultivation pattern”
Claim · model-written summary
RF + SR enhanced rapeseed oil content by 7.91% compared with the local cultivation pattern.
Verbatim
e0“use efficiency of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)”
e6“The SM + SR and RF + SR increased the yield of rapeseed by 7.71% and 29.93% and enhanced oil content by 4.64% and 7.91%, respectively, compared with the local cultivation pattern”
Claim · model-written summary
SM + SR promoted water use efficiency of rapeseed by 14.84% compared with the local cultivation pattern.
Verbatim
e0“use efficiency of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)”
e6“The SM + SR and RF + SR increased the yield of rapeseed by 7.71% and 29.93% and enhanced oil content by 4.64% and 7.91%, respectively, compared with the local cultivation pattern”
e7“these treatments decreased the total water consumption during whole growth stages and promoted water use efficiency by 14.84% and 28.71%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
RF + SR promoted water use efficiency of rapeseed by 28.71% compared with the local cultivation pattern.
Verbatim
e0“use efficiency of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)”
e6“The SM + SR and RF + SR increased the yield of rapeseed by 7.71% and 29.93% and enhanced oil content by 4.64% and 7.91%, respectively, compared with the local cultivation pattern”
e7“these treatments decreased the total water consumption during whole growth stages and promoted water use efficiency by 14.84% and 28.71%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
These treatments decreased total water consumption of rapeseed over the whole growth stages.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“use efficiency of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)”
e7“these treatments decreased the total water consumption during whole growth stages and promoted water use efficiency by 14.84% and 28.71%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The combination of SM + SR and RF + SR increased the accumulation of N, P and K in rapeseed.
- Taxon
- rapeseede0
- Treatment
- The combination of SM + SR and RF + SRe7
- Outcome
- accumulation of N, P, and Ke7
- Direction
- increasede7
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“use efficiency of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)”
e7“The combination of SM + SR and RF + SR also increased the accumulation of N, P, and K and significantly promoted the utilization efficiency of fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
The combination of SM + SR and RF + SR significantly promoted the utilization efficiency of fertilizer in rapeseed.
- Taxon
- rapeseede0
- Treatment
- The combination of SM + SR and RF + SRe7
- Outcome
- utilization efficiency of fertilizere7
- Direction
- promotede7
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“use efficiency of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)”
e7“The combination of SM + SR and RF + SR also increased the accumulation of N, P, and K and significantly promoted the utilization efficiency of fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
These technologies reduced the loss of nutrients in the rainy season.
- Taxon
- rapeseede0
- Treatment
- these technologiese5
- Outcome
- loss of nutrientse5
- Direction
- reducede5
- Setting
- the rainy seasone5
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“use efficiency of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)”
e5“In the rainy season, these technologies reduced the loss of nutrients, while in the seasonal drought year, it increased the soil moisture”
Claim · model-written summary
These technologies increased soil moisture in the seasonal drought year.
- Taxon
- rapeseede0
- Treatment
- these technologiese5
- Outcome
- soil moisturee5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Setting
- seasonal drought yeare5
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“use efficiency of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)”
e5“In the rainy season, these technologies reduced the loss of nutrients, while in the seasonal drought year, it increased the soil moisture”
Claim · model-written summary
Adopting the optimal cultivation technologies could achieve cost savings and increased efficiency in rapeseed production in Southwest China.
Verbatim
e1“In the future, the adverse effects of environmental factors could be relieved, and the goal of cost savings and increasing efficiency could be achieved by adopting the optimal cultivation technologies in rapeseed production of Southwest China”
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See all 17 papers →8 of 12 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.