Abstract
Starch provides plants with carbon and energy during stressful periods; however, relatively few regulators of starch metabolism under stress-induced carbon starvation have been discovered. We studied a protein kinase Ser/Thr/Tyr (STY) 46, identified by gene co-expression network analysis as a potential regulator of the starch starvation response in Arabidopsis thaliana. We showed that STY46 was induced by (1) abscisic acid and prolonged darkness, (2) by abiotic stressors, including salinity and osmotic stress, and (3) by conditions associated with carbon starvation. Characterization of STY46 T-DNA knockout mutants indicated that there was functional redundancy among the STY gene family, as these genotypes did not show strong phenotypes. However, Arabidopsis with high levels of STY46 transcripts (OE-25) grew faster at the early seedling stage, had higher photosynthetic rates, and more carbon was stored as protein in the seeds under control conditions. Further, OE-25 source leaf accumulated more sugars under 100 mM NaCl stress, and salinity also accelerated root growth, which is consistent with an adaptive response. Salt-stressed OE-25 partitioned 14C towards sugars and amino acids, and away from starch and protein in source leaves. Together, these findings suggested that STY46 may be part of the salinity stress response pathway that utilizes starch during early plant growth.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Abscisic acid and prolonged darkness induced STY46.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianat0 - Treatment
- abscisic acid and prolonged darknesse0
- Gene
- STY46e0
- Outcome
- STY46e0
- Direction
- inducede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“STY46 was induced by (1) abscisic acid and prolonged darkness”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
t1“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity and osmotic stress induced STY46.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- salinity and osmotic stresse0
- Gene
- STY46t0
- Outcome
- STY46t0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“by abiotic stressors, including salinity and osmotic stress”
t0“STY46 in Arabidopsis thaliana”
t1“STY46 in Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbon starvation conditions induced STY46.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- carbon starvatione0
- Gene
- STY46t0
- Outcome
- STY46t0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“by conditions associated with carbon starvation”
t0“STY46 in Arabidopsis thaliana”
t1“STY46 in Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
STY46 knockout mutants did not show strong phenotypes, consistent with functional redundancy.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Gene
- STY gene familye0
- Outcome
- did not show strong phenotypese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“functional redundancy among the STY gene family, as these genotypes did not show strong phenotypes”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
t1“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
OE-25 grew faster at the early seedling stage under control conditions.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Material
- OE-25e0
- Organ / stage
- early seedling stagee0
- Gene
- STY46e0
- Outcome
- grew fastere0
- Direction
- fastere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Arabidopsis with high levels of STY46 transcripts (OE-25) grew faster at the early seedling stage”
Claim · model-written summary
OE-25 had higher photosynthetic rates.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- OE-25e0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic ratese0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“OE-25) grew faster at the early seedling stage, had higher photosynthetic rates”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
t1“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
OE-25 stored more carbon as protein in seeds under control conditions.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- OE-25e1
- Organ / stage
- seedse0
- Outcome
- carbon was stored as proteine0
- Direction
- moree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“more carbon was stored as protein in the seeds under control conditions”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
t1“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e1“Arabidopsis with high levels of STY46 transcripts (OE-25) grew faster at the early seedling stage”
Claim · model-written summary
OE-25 source leaves accumulated more sugars under 100 mM NaCl stress.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- OE-25e0
- Organ / stage
- source leafe0
- Treatment
- 100 mM NaCl stresse0
- Outcome
- sugarse0
- Direction
- moree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“OE-25 source leaf accumulated more sugars under 100 mM NaCl stress”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
t1“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity accelerated OE-25 root growth.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- OE-25e1
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- root growthe0
- Direction
- acceleratede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salinity also accelerated root growth”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
t1“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e1“Arabidopsis with high levels of STY46 transcripts (OE-25) grew faster at the early seedling stage”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt-stressed OE-25 partitioned 14C towards sugars and amino acids.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- OE-25e0
- Outcome
- 14C towards sugars and amino acidse0
- Direction
- towardse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt-stressed OE-25 partitioned 14C towards sugars and amino acids”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
t1“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt-stressed OE-25 partitioned 14C away from starch and protein in source leaves.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- OE-25e1
- Organ / stage
- source leavese0
- Outcome
- starch and proteine0
- Direction
- away frome0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“away from starch and protein in source leaves”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
t1“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e1“Arabidopsis with high levels of STY46 transcripts (OE-25) grew faster at the early seedling stage”
Claim · model-written summary
STY46 may participate in a salinity stress response pathway using starch during early growth.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- STY46e0
- Outcome
- salinity stress response pathway that utilizes starche0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“STY46 may be part of the salinity stress response pathway that utilizes starch during early plant growth”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
t1“Arabidopsis thaliana”
The same questions in other papers
salinity · growth · ArabidopsisResults differ
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 22 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
21 papers more in this group
See all 25 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.