Abstract
Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is an imperative phytohormone for plant growth and development. Ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECM) are able to produce IAA. However, only a few studies on IAA biosynthesis pathways in ECM fungi have been reported. This study aimed to investigate the IAA biosynthesis pathway of six ECM cultures including Astraeus odoratus, Gyrodon suthepensis, Phlebopus portentosus, Pisolithus albus, Pisolithus orientalis and Scleroderma suthepense. The results showed that all ECM fungi produced IAA in liquid medium that had been supplemented with L-tryptophan. Notably, fungal IAA levels vary for different fungal species. The detection of indole-3-lactic acid and indole-3-ethanol in the crude culture extracts of all ECM fungi indicated an enzymatic reduction of indole-3-pyruvic acid and indole-3-acetaldehyde, respectively in the IAA biosynthesis via the indole-3-pyruvic acid pathway. Moreover, the tryptophan aminotransferase activity confirmed that all ECM fungi synthesize IAA through the indole-3-pyruvic acid pathway. Additionally, the elongation of rice and oat coleoptiles was stimulated by crude culture extract. This is the first report of the biosynthesis pathway of IAA in the tested ECM fungi.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
All tested ectomycorrhizal fungi produced IAA in tryptophan-supplemented medium.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Interactor
- ECM fungie0symbiont
- Outcome
- ECM fungi produced IAAe0
- Setting
- liquid mediume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all ECM fungi produced IAA in liquid medium that had been supplemented with L-tryptophan”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungal IAA levels varied among species.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- fungal speciese0symbiont
- Outcome
- fungal IAA levelse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fungal IAA levels vary for different fungal species”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Detection of indole-3-lactic acid and indole-3-ethanol supported fungal IAA synthesis through the indole-3-pyruvic acid pathway.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- ECM fungie0symbiont
- Outcome
- IAA biosynthesis via the indole-3-pyruvic acid pathwaye0
- Qualifier
- enzymatic reduction of indole-3-pyruvic acid and indole-3-acetaldehydee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The detection of indole-3-lactic acid and indole-3-ethanol in the crude culture extracts of all ECM fungi indicated an enzymatic reduction of indole-3-pyruvic acid and indole-3-acetaldehyde, respectively in the IAA biosynthesis via the indole-3-pyruvic acid pathway”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Tryptophan aminotransferase activity supported IAA synthesis through the indole-3-pyruvic acid pathway in all tested fungi.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- ECM fungie0symbiont
- Gene
- tryptophan aminotransferasee0
- Outcome
- ECM fungi synthesize IAA through the indole-3-pyruvic acid pathwaye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the tryptophan aminotransferase activity confirmed that all ECM fungi synthesize IAA through the indole-3-pyruvic acid pathway”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungal crude culture extract stimulated rice coleoptile elongation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- crude culture extracte0
- Outcome
- elongation of rice and oat coleoptilese0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“elongation of rice and oat coleoptiles was stimulated by crude culture extract”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungal crude culture extract stimulated oat coleoptile elongation.
- Taxon
- oat
Avena sativae0 - Treatment
- crude culture extracte0
- Outcome
- elongation of rice and oat coleoptilese0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“elongation of rice and oat coleoptiles was stimulated by crude culture extract”
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