Paper · 2019 · E-Journal Menara Perkebunan

Peningkatan hasil dan penekanan kejadian penyakit pada jagung manis (Zea mays var. Bonanza) dengan pemanfaatan biostimulan berbahan kitosan

Sri Wahyuni; Ciptadi Achmad Yusup; Deden Dewantara Eris; et al.

6
claims
11
verbatim quotes
3
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by

Abstract

AbstractCorn, an important crop in Indonesia still has a low productivity, thus many efforts are required to fulfill its national demand. One of the solutions to improve corn yield is by applying biostimulant containing chitosan as an active ingredient. Chitosan has been proved to increase plant growth and resistance against diseases. The objective of this research was to study the effects of several chitosan formulas on the yield and diseases occurance in sweet corn (Zea mays var. Bonanza). The chitosan formulas tested were soluble liquid(SL), wettable powder (WP), nano chitosan (NN), and unformulated chitosan (CH). The experiment was arranged using a randomized block design with three replications. All chitosan formulas were applied by seeds soaking for 20 minutes, followed by foliar spraying on corn plants at three weeks after planting (WAP), with the concentration of 500 ppm (400 L/ha spray volume), every threeweeks until 9 WAP. Parameters observed were brix value, weight of corn cobs, weight of corn biomass, and plant diseases including downy leaves, leafblight and leaf rust. The results showed that NN formula increased the brix value up to 7%, the corn cob weight up to 49% and the biomass weight upto 34% compared to the control; whereas SL formula reduced the incidence of downy mildew by 53% at 3 WAP and leaf blight disease by 51% at 6 WAP. In addition, the incidence of corn leaf rust reduced 59-71% in corn plant subjected to all chitosan formulas. Based on the results, application of chitosan in NN formula was best in increasing yield, while in SL formula was best in reducing the incidence of important corn diseases.[Keywords: downy mildew, chitosan formula, seed treatment]AbstrakJagung sebagai salah satu komoditas pangan penting di Indonesia masih memiliki produktivitas yang rendah sehingga diperlukan usaha untuk memenuhi kebutuhan jagung nasional. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan hasil jagung adalah dengan aplikasi biostimulan yang mengandung bahan aktif kitosan. Kitosan telah terbukti mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan daya tahantanaman terhadap penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh beberapa formula kitosan terhadap hasil dan kejadian penyakit pada tanaman jagung manis (Zea mays var. Bonanza). Formula kitosan yang diuji adalah cairan yang dapat larut (soluble liquid, SL), tepung yang dapat dibasahi (wettable powder, WP), nano kitosan (nano chitosan, NN), dan kitosan non formulasi (unformulated chitosan, CH). Percobaan dilakukan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan tiga ulangan. Masingmasing formula kitosan tersebut diaplikasikan melalui perendaman benih selama 20 menit yangdiikuti dengan penyemprotan daun pada tanaman jagung berumur tiga minggu dengan konsentrasi 500 ppm (volume semprot 400 L/ha) yang dilakukan setiap tiga minggu sampai tanaman berumur sembilan minggu. Parameter yangdiamati adalah nilai brix, bobot tongkol jagung, bobot biomassa jagung, dan penekanan kejadian beberapa penyakit tanaman meliputi bulai, hawardaun, dan karat daun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi kitosan NNmeningkatkan nilai brix jagung manis hingga 7%, bobot tongkol jagung hingga 49% dan bobot biomassa hingga 34% dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Sementara itu, aplikasi kitosan SL dapat menekan kejadian penyakit bulai hingga 53% padaumur tanaman 3 minggu setelah tanam (MST) dan penyakit hawar daun hingga 51% pada umur 6 MST. Selain itu, kejadian penyakit karat daun jagung juga dapat ditekan 59-71% pada aplikasi keempat formula kitosan. Berdasarkan hasiltersebut, aplikasi kitosan NN paling optimal dalam meningkatkan hasil panen jagung manis, sedangkan aplikasi kitosan SL paling optimal dalam menekan kejadian beberapa penyakit pada tanaman jagung.[Kata Kunci: bulai, formula kitosan, perlakuan benih]

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 6

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nano chitosan increased the brix value of sweet corn by up to 7% compared with the control.

Taxon
sweet corne0
Material
Zea mays var. Bonanzae0
Treatment
NN formulae1
Outcome
brix valuee1
Direction
increasede1
Value
7%e1
Comparator
controle1

Verbatim

e0

“sweet corn (Zea mays var. Bonanza)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 461–495 · show in text ↑
e1

“The results showed that NN formula increased the brix value up to 7%, the corn cob weight up to 49% and the biomass weight upto 34% compared to the control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1098–1253 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nano chitosan increased the corn cob weight of sweet corn by up to 49% compared with the control.

Taxon
sweet corne0
Material
Zea mays var. Bonanzae0
Treatment
NN formulae1
Outcome
corn cob weighte1
Direction
increasede1
Value
49%e1
Comparator
controle1

Verbatim

e0

“sweet corn (Zea mays var. Bonanza)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 461–495 · show in text ↑
e1

“The results showed that NN formula increased the brix value up to 7%, the corn cob weight up to 49% and the biomass weight upto 34% compared to the control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1098–1253 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nano chitosan increased the biomass weight of sweet corn by up to 34% compared with the control.

Taxon
sweet corne0
Material
Zea mays var. Bonanzae0
Treatment
NN formulae1
Outcome
biomass weighte1
Direction
increasede1
Value
34%e1
Comparator
controle1

Verbatim

e0

“sweet corn (Zea mays var. Bonanza)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 461–495 · show in text ↑
e1

“The results showed that NN formula increased the brix value up to 7%, the corn cob weight up to 49% and the biomass weight upto 34% compared to the control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1098–1253 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The SL formulation reduced the incidence of downy mildew on sweet corn by 53% at 3 WAP.

Taxon
sweet corne0
Treatment
SL formulae2
Interactor
downy mildewPeronosporaceaee2pathogen
Outcome
incidence of downy mildewe2
Direction
reducede2
Value
53%e2
Qualifier
3 WAPe2

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“sweet corn (Zea mays var. Bonanza)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 461–495 · show in text ↑
e2

“whereas SL formula reduced the incidence of downy mildew by 53% at 3 WAP and leaf blight disease by 51% at 6 WAP”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1255–1367 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The SL formulation reduced the incidence of leaf blight on sweet corn by 51% at 6 WAP.

Taxon
sweet corne0
Treatment
SL formulae2
Interactor
leaf blighte2pathogen
Outcome
leaf blight diseasee2
Direction
reducede2
Value
51%e2
Qualifier
6 WAPe2

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“sweet corn (Zea mays var. Bonanza)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 461–495 · show in text ↑
e2

“whereas SL formula reduced the incidence of downy mildew by 53% at 3 WAP and leaf blight disease by 51% at 6 WAP”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1255–1367 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

All chitosan formulations reduced the incidence of corn leaf rust by 59-71% in corn plants.

Treatment
all chitosan formulase3
Interactor
corn leaf ruste3pathogen
Outcome
incidence of corn leaf ruste3
Direction
reducede3
Value
59-71%e3

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays subsp. mays
Zea mays subsp. mays · TaxonDominicus Johannes Bergsma · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e3

“the incidence of corn leaf rust reduced 59-71% in corn plant subjected to all chitosan formulas”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1382–1477 · show in text ↑

chitosan · yield · Zea mays (maize)Results differ

11 papers: 10 positive, 1 negative or no effect

9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

7 papers more in this group

See all 11 papers →

chitosan · growth · Zea mays (maize)Results differ

28 papers: 24 positive, 4 negative or no effect

23 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. negative

24 papers more in this group

See all 28 papers →

chitosan · disease · Zea mays (maize)Results agree

8 papers: 8 positive, 0 negative or no effect

7 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

4 papers more in this group

See all 8 papers →

nanoparticle · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

182 papers: 161 positive, 21 negative or no effect

160 papers in the same direction as this paper · 21 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

178 papers more in this group

See all 182 papers →

nanoparticle · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

233 papers: 215 positive, 18 negative or no effect

214 papers in the same direction as this paper · 11 in the opposite direction · 7 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. negative

229 papers more in this group

See all 233 papers →

nanoparticle · quality: sugar starch · Zea mays (maize)Results agree

10 papers: 10 positive, 0 negative or no effect

9 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

6 papers more in this group

See all 10 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.