Abstract
In pot trial, dried ground weed leaves of Cynodon dactylon, Datura stramonium, Eichhomia crassipes, Emex spinosus, Ricinus communis and Sisymbrium irio were mixed with soil at the rate of 1, 3, 5 and 10 g/kg soil and compared their nematicidal potential with carbofuran as a standard against the root-knot nematode, M. incognita infecting tomato. In addition, their effects on growth rate of tomato plants were also investigated. The results showed that M. incognita populations in the soil and root galling were significantly suppressed when the dried leaves of the tested weeds at all rates were allowed to decompose in the soil. All amendments exhibited varying degree of reduction compared to control. The highest reduction was noticeable with the plants grown in Sisymbrium irio amended soil followed by Datura stramonium and Emex spinosus. In addition, employing high rate of the tested weeds gave higher activity in suppressing the nematode both in the soil and in tomato roots than using low rate. The data also indicated that all amendments at low rates significantly increased growth indices of tomato over control treatment, except Cynodon dactylon and Emex spinosus which decreased it, particularly in the shoot system. On the other hand, their high rates showed phytotoxic effects. These weed species may offer considerable promise as soil amendments for control of root-knot nematode, M. incognita.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Weed leaf amendments at all rates significantly suppressed soil nematode populations.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- dried leaves of the tested weeds at all ratese0
- Interactor
- M. incognita
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=60)
Meloidogyne incognitae0pathogen - Outcome
- M. incognita populations in the soile0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“M. incognita populations in the soil and root galling were significantly suppressed when the dried leaves of the tested weeds at all rates were allowed to decompose in the soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed leaf amendments at all rates significantly suppressed tomato root galling.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- dried leaves of the tested weeds at all ratese0
- Interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae0pathogen
- Outcome
- root gallinge0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“M. incognita populations in the soil and root galling were significantly suppressed when the dried leaves of the tested weeds at all rates were allowed to decompose in the soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Sisymbrium irio amendment gave the highest reduction in nematode outcomes.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Sisymbrium irio amended soile0
- Outcome
- reductione0
- Direction
- highest reductione0
- Comparator
- Datura stramonium and Emex spinosuse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“The highest reduction was noticeable with the plants grown in Sisymbrium irio amended soil followed by Datura stramonium and Emex spinosus”
Claim · model-written summary
High amendment rates suppressed the nematode more than low rates in soil and tomato roots.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- high rate of the tested weedse0
- Outcome
- suppressing the nematode both in the soil and in tomato rootse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- low ratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“high rate of the tested weeds gave higher activity in suppressing the nematode both in the soil and in tomato roots than using low rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Most low rate amendments significantly increased tomato growth indices over control.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- all amendments at low ratese0
- Outcome
- growth indicese0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- control treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all amendments at low rates significantly increased growth indices of tomato over control treatment, except Cynodon dactylon and Emex spinosus which decreased it”
Claim · model-written summary
Low rate Cynodon dactylon amendment decreased tomato growth indices.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Cynodon dactylone0
- Outcome
- growth indicese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- control treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all amendments at low rates significantly increased growth indices of tomato over control treatment, except Cynodon dactylon and Emex spinosus which decreased it”
Claim · model-written summary
Low rate Emex spinosus amendment decreased tomato growth indices.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Emex spinosuse0
- Outcome
- growth indicese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- control treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all amendments at low rates significantly increased growth indices of tomato over control treatment, except Cynodon dactylon and Emex spinosus which decreased it”
Claim · model-written summary
High rates of weed leaf amendments were phytotoxic.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- high ratese0
- Outcome
- phytotoxic effectse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“their high rates showed phytotoxic effects”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose weed leaf amendments for root knot nematode control.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae0pathogen
- Outcome
- soil amendments for control of root-knot nematodee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These weed species may offer considerable promise as soil amendments for control of root-knot nematode, M. incognita.”
t0“tomato”
The same questions in other papers
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- positive
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See all 175 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.