Abstract
The continuous cropping obstacles caused by the increase of kiwifruit planting period resulted in imbalance of soil microbial community structure, and decrease of soil enzyme activity and physicochemical indicators, which substantially reduced both the quality and yield of kiwifruit. Under the field conditions, the traditional fertilization of fruit farmers was used as a control (CK) to study the effects of two different microbial fertilizers, JF and KF, which had been verified the growth promotion of kiwifruit aseptic seedlings test, on soil microbial community structure, soil enzyme activities, soil physicochemical characters during different growth periods of kiwifruit (germination period, florescence period, fruit enlargement period, fruit ripening period and next year germination period), as well as fruit quality. The results showed that both fertilizers significantly increased the ratio of bacteria with fungi and the ratio of actinomycetes with fungi in the kiwifruit orchard soil, indicating that they could improve and balance the soil microbial community structure. The enzymes activity in kiwifruit orchard soil with the addition of both fertilizers were significantly higher than that in CK, and among which sucrose, urease, phosphatase and polyphenol oxidase were increased by 17.9%-83.5%, 7.9%-83.0%, 7.3%-45.4% and 8.1%-140.3%, respectively. JF and KF increased soil fertility (the concentrations of available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, and organic matter content significantly increased) and decreased soil pH (a decrease of 0.29 to 0.34). After application of microbial ferti-lizer, the content of vitamin C, soluble sugar, soluble protein and other contents of kiwifruit increased, and the titratable acid content decreased. Therefore, the application of both fertilizers could balance soil microbial community structure, enhance soil fertility, and improve the fruit quality of kiwifruit. Our results provide robust theoretical basis for the application of microbial fertilizers in the old-aged kiwifruit orchards.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Both microbial fertilizers significantly increased the ratio of bacteria to fungi and of actinomycetes to fungi in the kiwifruit orchard soil.
- Taxon
- kiwifruit
Actinidia deliciosat0 - Organ / stage
- kiwifruit orchard soile1
- Treatment
- two different microbial fertilizers, JF and KFe0
- Outcome
- ratio of bacteria with fungi and the ratio of actinomycetes with fungie1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- the traditional fertilization of fruit farmerse0
- Setting
- Under the field conditionse0
Not reportedValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“fruit quality of kiwifruit in old orchard”
e0“Under the field conditions, the traditional fertilization of fruit farmers was used as a control (CK) to study the effects of two different microbial fertilizers, JF and KF”
e1“both fertilizers significantly increased the ratio of bacteria with fungi and the ratio of actinomycetes with fungi in the kiwifruit orchard soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Both microbial fertilizers significantly raised soil enzyme activity above that of the control.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Organ / stage
- kiwifruit orchard soile2
- Treatment
- both fertilizerse2
- Outcome
- enzymes activitye2
- Direction
- highere2
- Comparator
- CKe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“fruit quality of kiwifruit in old orchard”
e2“The enzymes activity in kiwifruit orchard soil with the addition of both fertilizers were significantly higher than that in CK”
Claim · model-written summary
Sucrose activity in the kiwifruit orchard soil increased by 17.9%-83.5% with the microbial fertilizers.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Treatment
- both fertilizerse2
- Outcome
- sucrosee3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 17.9%-83.5%e3
- Comparator
- CKe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“fruit quality of kiwifruit in old orchard”
e2“The enzymes activity in kiwifruit orchard soil with the addition of both fertilizers were significantly higher than that in CK”
e3“sucrose, urease, phosphatase and polyphenol oxidase were increased by 17.9%-83.5%, 7.9%-83.0%, 7.3%-45.4% and 8.1%-140.3%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Urease activity in the kiwifruit orchard soil increased by 7.9%-83.0% with the microbial fertilizers.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Treatment
- both fertilizerse2
- Outcome
- ureasee3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 7.9%-83.0%e3
- Comparator
- CKe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“fruit quality of kiwifruit in old orchard”
e2“The enzymes activity in kiwifruit orchard soil with the addition of both fertilizers were significantly higher than that in CK”
e3“sucrose, urease, phosphatase and polyphenol oxidase were increased by 17.9%-83.5%, 7.9%-83.0%, 7.3%-45.4% and 8.1%-140.3%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphatase activity in the kiwifruit orchard soil increased by 7.3%-45.4% with the microbial fertilizers.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Treatment
- both fertilizerse2
- Outcome
- phosphatasee3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 7.3%-45.4%e3
- Comparator
- CKe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“fruit quality of kiwifruit in old orchard”
e2“The enzymes activity in kiwifruit orchard soil with the addition of both fertilizers were significantly higher than that in CK”
e3“sucrose, urease, phosphatase and polyphenol oxidase were increased by 17.9%-83.5%, 7.9%-83.0%, 7.3%-45.4% and 8.1%-140.3%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Polyphenol oxidase activity in the kiwifruit orchard soil increased by 8.1%-140.3% with the microbial fertilizers.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Treatment
- both fertilizerse2
- Outcome
- polyphenol oxidasee3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 8.1%-140.3%e3
- Comparator
- CKe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“fruit quality of kiwifruit in old orchard”
e2“The enzymes activity in kiwifruit orchard soil with the addition of both fertilizers were significantly higher than that in CK”
e3“sucrose, urease, phosphatase and polyphenol oxidase were increased by 17.9%-83.5%, 7.9%-83.0%, 7.3%-45.4% and 8.1%-140.3%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The microbial fertilizers increased soil fertility in the kiwifruit orchard.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Treatment
- JF and KFe4
- Outcome
- soil fertilitye4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Comparator
- the traditional fertilization of fruit farmerse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“fruit quality of kiwifruit in old orchard”
e0“Under the field conditions, the traditional fertilization of fruit farmers was used as a control (CK) to study the effects of two different microbial fertilizers, JF and KF”
e4“JF and KF increased soil fertility”
Claim · model-written summary
The microbial fertilizers significantly increased soil available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Treatment
- JF and KFe4
- Outcome
- available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassiume5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Comparator
- the traditional fertilization of fruit farmerse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“fruit quality of kiwifruit in old orchard”
e0“Under the field conditions, the traditional fertilization of fruit farmers was used as a control (CK) to study the effects of two different microbial fertilizers, JF and KF”
e4“JF and KF increased soil fertility”
e5“the concentrations of available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, and organic matter content significantly increased”
Claim · model-written summary
The microbial fertilizers significantly increased soil total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Treatment
- JF and KFe4
- Outcome
- total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassiume5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Comparator
- the traditional fertilization of fruit farmerse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“fruit quality of kiwifruit in old orchard”
e0“Under the field conditions, the traditional fertilization of fruit farmers was used as a control (CK) to study the effects of two different microbial fertilizers, JF and KF”
e4“JF and KF increased soil fertility”
e5“the concentrations of available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, and organic matter content significantly increased”
Claim · model-written summary
The microbial fertilizers significantly increased soil organic matter content.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Treatment
- JF and KFe4
- Outcome
- organic matter contente5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Comparator
- the traditional fertilization of fruit farmerse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“fruit quality of kiwifruit in old orchard”
e0“Under the field conditions, the traditional fertilization of fruit farmers was used as a control (CK) to study the effects of two different microbial fertilizers, JF and KF”
e4“JF and KF increased soil fertility”
e5“the concentrations of available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, and organic matter content significantly increased”
Claim · model-written summary
The microbial fertilizers decreased soil pH by 0.29 to 0.34.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Treatment
- JF and KFe4
- Outcome
- soil pHe6
- Direction
- decreasede6
- Value
- 0.29 to 0.34e6
- Comparator
- the traditional fertilization of fruit farmerse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“fruit quality of kiwifruit in old orchard”
e0“Under the field conditions, the traditional fertilization of fruit farmers was used as a control (CK) to study the effects of two different microbial fertilizers, JF and KF”
e4“JF and KF increased soil fertility”
e6“decreased soil pH (a decrease of 0.29 to 0.34)”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · molecular: metabolites · Actinidia deliciosa (kiwifruit)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.