Abstract
Abstract Cover crops have increased in popularity in midwestern U.S. corn and soybean systems in recent years. However, little research has been conducted to evaluate how cover crops and residual herbicides are effectively integrated together for weed control in a soybean production system. Field studies were conducted in 2016 and 2017 to evaluate summer annual weed control and to determine the effect of cover crop biomass on residual herbicide reaching the soil. The herbicide treatments consisted of preplant (PP) applications of glyphosate plus 2,4-D with or without sulfentrazone plus chlorimuron at two different timings, 21 and 7 d prior to soybean planting (DPP). Cover crops evaluated included winter vetch, cereal rye, Italian ryegrass, oat, Austrian winter pea, winter wheat, and a winter vetch plus cereal rye mixture. Herbicide treatments were applied to tilled and nontilled soil without cover crop for comparison. The tillage treatment resulted in low weed biomass at all collection intervals after both application timings, which corresponded to tilled soil having the highest sulfentrazone concentration (171 ng g −1 ) compared with all cover crop treatments. When applied PP, herbicide treatments applied 21 DPP with sulfentrazone had greater weed (93%) and waterhemp (89%) control than when applied 7 DPP (60% and 69%, respectively). When applied POST, herbicide treatments with a residual herbicide resulted in greater weed and waterhemp control at 7 DPP (83% and 77%, respectively) than at 21 DPP (74% and 61%, respectively). Herbicide programs that included a residual herbicide had the highest soybean yields (≥3,403 kg ha −1 ). Results from this study indicate that residual herbicides can be effectively integrated either PP or POST in conjunction with cover crop termination applications, but termination timing and biomass accumulation will affect the amount of sulfentrazone reaching the soil.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage gave low weed biomass at all collection intervals compared with cover crop treatments.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- tillage treatmente1
- Interactor
- weede1weed
- Outcome
- weed biomasse1
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede1
- Comparator
- cover crop treatmentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“for weed control in a soybean production system”
e1“The tillage treatment resulted in low weed biomass at all collection intervals after both application timings, which corresponded to tilled soil having the highest sulfentrazone concentration (171 ng g −1) compared with all cover crop treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Tilled soil had the highest sulfentrazone concentration (171 ng g −1) compared with cover crop treatments.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- tilled soile1
- Outcome
- sulfentrazone concentratione1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 171 ng g −1e1
- Comparator
- cover crop treatmentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“for weed control in a soybean production system”
e1“The tillage treatment resulted in low weed biomass at all collection intervals after both application timings, which corresponded to tilled soil having the highest sulfentrazone concentration (171 ng g −1) compared with all cover crop treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
With preplant application 21 days before planting, sulfentrazone herbicide gave greater weed control (93%) than 7 days before planting (60%).
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- herbicide treatments applied 21 DPP with sulfentrazonee2
- Interactor
- weede2weed
- Outcome
- controle2
- Direction
- greatere2
- Value
- 93%e2
- Qualifier
- 60%e2
- Comparator
- when applied 7 DPPe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“for weed control in a soybean production system”
e2“When applied PP, herbicide treatments applied 21 DPP with sulfentrazone had greater weed (93%) and waterhemp (89%) control than when applied 7 DPP (60% and 69%, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
With preplant application 21 days before planting, sulfentrazone herbicide gave greater waterhemp control (89%) than 7 days before planting (69%).
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- herbicide treatments applied 21 DPP with sulfentrazonee2
- Interactor
- waterhempe2weed
- Outcome
- controle2
- Direction
- greatere2
- Value
- 89%e2
- Qualifier
- 69%e2
- Comparator
- when applied 7 DPPe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“for weed control in a soybean production system”
e2“When applied PP, herbicide treatments applied 21 DPP with sulfentrazone had greater weed (93%) and waterhemp (89%) control than when applied 7 DPP (60% and 69%, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
With postemergence application, herbicide treatments with a residual herbicide gave greater weed control at 7 days before planting (83%) than at 21 days (74%).
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- applied POST, herbicide treatments with a residual herbicidee3
- Interactor
- weede3weed
- Outcome
- controle3
- Direction
- greatere3
- Value
- 83%e3
- Qualifier
- 74%e3
- Comparator
- at 21 DPPe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“for weed control in a soybean production system”
e3“When applied POST, herbicide treatments with a residual herbicide resulted in greater weed and waterhemp control at 7 DPP (83% and 77%, respectively) than at 21 DPP (74% and 61%, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
With postemergence application, herbicide treatments with a residual herbicide gave greater waterhemp control at 7 days before planting (77%) than at 21 days (61%).
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- applied POST, herbicide treatments with a residual herbicidee3
- Interactor
- waterhempe3weed
- Outcome
- controle3
- Direction
- greatere3
- Value
- 77%e3
- Qualifier
- 61%e3
- Comparator
- at 21 DPPe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“for weed control in a soybean production system”
e3“When applied POST, herbicide treatments with a residual herbicide resulted in greater weed and waterhemp control at 7 DPP (83% and 77%, respectively) than at 21 DPP (74% and 61%, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide programs with a residual herbicide had the highest soybean yields (≥3,403 kg ha −1).
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- a residual herbicidee4
- Outcome
- soybean yieldse4
- Direction
- higheste4
- Value
- ≥3,403 kg ha −1e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“for weed control in a soybean production system”
e4“Herbicide programs that included a residual herbicide had the highest soybean yields (≥3,403 kg ha −1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Residual herbicides can be effectively integrated either preplant or postemergence with cover crop termination in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- residual herbicides can be effectively integrated either PP or POST in conjunction with cover crop termination applicationse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“for weed control in a soybean production system”
e5“residual herbicides can be effectively integrated either PP or POST in conjunction with cover crop termination applications”
Claim · model-written summary
Termination timing and biomass accumulation affect the amount of sulfentrazone reaching the soil.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- termination timing and biomass accumulatione6
- Outcome
- amount of sulfentrazone reaching the soile6
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“for weed control in a soybean production system”
e6“termination timing and biomass accumulation will affect the amount of sulfentrazone reaching the soil”
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See all 123 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.