Abstract
A Rabi season (2012–13) field investigation was carried out at Directorate of Rice Research, Hyderabad to assess the impact of saturated moisture regime (SMR) with and without plastic mulching (black and transparent) in transplanted rice (TPR) on weed menace, water saving, productivity and economics as compared to 5 cm standing water regime (SWR) rice in RBD with six replications. Results revealed that no-mulch SMR rice has 37.3 and 80.2% higher weed count and thus 26.8 and 114.1% lower weed control efficiency than SWR rice culture at 20 and 40 days after transplanting. Plastic mulching (PM) with SMR has reduced the weed count and weed biomass in rice by over 90% as compared to no-mulch-SWR rice. Labour days required for weeding were enhanced by 50% under SMR (30 man days) as compared SWR (20 man days). SMR had 35% irrigation water (IW) economy but with 7.1% grain yield penalty (0.34 t/ha) as compared to SWR (100 cm IW use and 4.79 t/ha grain yield). When SMR was combined with plastic mulching (PM), there was aless yield depression (0.10–0.18 t/ha) when compared to SWR. SWR has more net returns (’ 42,160/ha) than SMR (’ 30,750). High cost of PM (’ 23,000/ha) with SMR has masked gains in IW, weeding costs saving and higher yields. SMR can be adopted without any challenges but weed management through PM is desired with added advantage of water economy. Reducing cost of plastic mulches and evolving biodegradable plastics may make SMR rice culture a reality.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
No-mulch SMR rice had 37.3 and 80.2% higher weed count than SWR rice at 20 and 40 days after transplanting.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- no-mulch SMRe1
- Outcome
- weed counte1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 37.3 and 80.2%e1
- Comparator
- SWRe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice cultivation using plastic mulch under saturated moisture regime”
e1“no-mulch SMR rice has 37.3 and 80.2% higher weed count and thus 26.8 and 114.1% lower weed control efficiency than SWR rice culture at 20 and 40 days after transplanting”
Claim · model-written summary
No-mulch SMR rice had 26.8 and 114.1% lower weed control efficiency than SWR rice at 20 and 40 days after transplanting.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- no-mulch SMRe1
- Outcome
- weed control efficiencye1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Value
- 26.8 and 114.1%e1
- Comparator
- SWRe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice cultivation using plastic mulch under saturated moisture regime”
e1“no-mulch SMR rice has 37.3 and 80.2% higher weed count and thus 26.8 and 114.1% lower weed control efficiency than SWR rice culture at 20 and 40 days after transplanting”
Claim · model-written summary
Plastic mulching with SMR reduced weed count and weed biomass in rice by over 90% compared with no-mulch SWR.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Plastic mulching (PM) with SMRe2
- Outcome
- weed count and weed biomasse2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Value
- over 90%e2
- Comparator
- no-mulch-SWRe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice cultivation using plastic mulch under saturated moisture regime”
e2“Plastic mulching (PM) with SMR has reduced the weed count and weed biomass in rice by over 90% as compared to no-mulch-SWR rice”
Claim · model-written summary
SMR increased labour days required for weeding by 50% compared with SWR.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- SMRe3
- Outcome
- Labour days required for weedinge3
- Direction
- enhancede3
- Value
- 50%e3
- Comparator
- SWRe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice cultivation using plastic mulch under saturated moisture regime”
e3“Labour days required for weeding were enhanced by 50% under SMR (30 man days) as compared SWR (20 man days)”
Claim · model-written summary
SMR saved 35% irrigation water relative to SWR.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- SMRe4
- Outcome
- irrigation watere4
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede4
- Value
- 35%e4
- Comparator
- SWRe4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice cultivation using plastic mulch under saturated moisture regime”
e4“SMR had 35% irrigation water (IW) economy but with 7.1% grain yield penalty (0.34 t/ha) as compared to SWR”
Claim · model-written summary
SMR lowered grain yield by 7.1% relative to SWR.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- SMRe4
- Outcome
- grain yielde4
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede4
- Value
- 7.1%e4
- Comparator
- SWRe4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice cultivation using plastic mulch under saturated moisture regime”
e4“SMR had 35% irrigation water (IW) economy but with 7.1% grain yield penalty (0.34 t/ha) as compared to SWR”
Claim · model-written summary
With plastic mulching, SMR showed less yield depression (0.10-0.18 t/ha) than SWR.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- plastic mulching (PM)e5
- Outcome
- yield depressione5
- Direction
- alesse5
- Value
- 0.10–0.18 t/hae5
- Comparator
- SWRe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice cultivation using plastic mulch under saturated moisture regime”
e5“When SMR was combined with plastic mulching (PM), there was aless yield depression (0.10–0.18 t/ha) when compared to SWR”
Claim · model-written summary
SWR gave more net returns (42,160/ha) than SMR (30,750).
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- net returnse6
- Direction
- moree6
- Value
- 42,160/hae6
- Qualifier
- 30,750e6
- Comparator
- SMRe6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice cultivation using plastic mulch under saturated moisture regime”
e6“SWR has more net returns (’ 42,160/ha) than SMR (’ 30,750)”
Claim · model-written summary
High cost of plastic mulch with SMR masked gains in irrigation water, weeding cost saving and yield.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice cultivation using plastic mulch under saturated moisture regime”
e7“High cost of PM (’ 23,000/ha) with SMR has masked gains in IW, weeding costs saving and higher yields”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend that SMR can be adopted without any challenges, with weed management through plastic mulch still desired.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- SMR can be adopted without any challengese0
- Qualifier
- weed management through PM is desirede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice cultivation using plastic mulch under saturated moisture regime”
e0“SMR can be adopted without any challenges but weed management through PM is desired with added advantage of water economy”
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