Abstract
Organic wheat production has increased significantly because of increased demand by consumers. We used the same variety to evaluate organic (seed treatment) and conventional wheat (no seed treatment) under no-till conditions in 2016 and 2018 with recommended (296 kernels/m2 and 80 kg N/ha) and high inputs (420 kernels/m2 and 56 + 56 kg N/ha) to identify the best organic management practices. Organic compared with conventional wheat with recommended inputs had ~13% lower yields in 2016 but ~7.5% higher yields with high inputs in 2018. Organic wheat emerged 1 to 1.5 days earlier, had 10 to 38% higher plant establishment rates, and had similar weed densities (<0.25 weeds/m2) to high input conventional wheat, which received a fall herbicide. Organic compared with conventional wheat had lower grain N% (0.3 to 0.45% in 2016 and 0.17 to 0.27% in 2018). Organic compared with conventional wheat had mostly higher spike densities, especially with high inputs (~60 more spikes/m2 in 2016 and ~130 more in 2018), probably because of better plant establishment, but mostly lower kernels/spike and kernel weight. Organic compared with conventional wheat had comparable yields, probably because of its competitiveness with weeds. We recommend that growers use recommended seeding and N rates on organic wheat because high seeding rates did not improve weed control, and high N rates were not economical.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Organic wheat yielded about 13% less under recommended inputs in 2016.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- Organice0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- ~13%e0
- Comparator
- conventional wheate0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Organic compared with conventional wheat with recommended inputs had ~13% lower yields in 2016”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic wheat yielded about 7.5% more with high inputs in 2018.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“~7.5% higher yields with high inputs in 2018”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic wheat emerged 1 to 1.5 days earlier.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Organice0
- Outcome
- emergede0
- Direction
- earliere0
- Value
- 1 to 1.5 dayse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Organic wheat emerged 1 to 1.5 days earlier”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic wheat had 10 to 38% higher establishment rates.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- plant establishment ratese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 10 to 38%e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“had 10 to 38% higher plant establishment rates”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic and high input conventional wheat had similar weed densities.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- weed densitiese0
- Direction
- similare0
- Value
- <0.25 weeds/m2e0
- Comparator
- high input conventional wheate0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“similar weed densities (<0.25 weeds/m2) to high input conventional wheat”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic wheat had lower grain nitrogen percentage.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Organice0
- Outcome
- grain N%e0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 0.3 to 0.45%e0
- Comparator
- conventional wheate0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Organic compared with conventional wheat had lower grain N% (0.3 to 0.45% in 2016 and 0.17 to 0.27% in 2018)”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic wheat had mostly higher spike densities.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Organice0
- Outcome
- spike densitiese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- conventional wheate0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Organic compared with conventional wheat had mostly higher spike densities”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic wheat had mostly lower kernels per spike and kernel weight.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- kernels/spike and kernel weighte0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mostly lower kernels/spike and kernel weight”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic and conventional wheat had comparable yields overall.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- comparablee0
- Comparator
- conventional wheate0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Organic compared with conventional wheat had comparable yields”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
High seeding rates did not improve weed control.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- high seeding ratese0
- Outcome
- weed controle0
- Direction
- did not improvee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“high seeding rates did not improve weed control”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
High N rates were not economical.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- high N ratese0
- Outcome
- not economicale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“high N rates were not economical”
t0“Wheat”
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See all 116 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.