Abstract
Fusarium graminearum can cause Giberella Ear Rot (GER) and seedling blight in maize, resulting in major yield losses. Besides GER, the infected grains are consequently contaminated with multiple mycotoxins of F. graminearum. Zearalenone and trichothecenes, such as deoxynivalenol and its acetylated forms, are among the major mycotoxins associated with F. graminearum infection in maize. In the current work, we explored the effect of the endophytic fungal genera of Epicoccum and Sordaria, to control F. graminearum infection in comparative trials with Piriformospora spp., an elusive endophytic genus. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of these endophytes on zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, and 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol levels using in vitro and in planta assays. As plants are endowed with several detoxification mechanisms comprising e.g., glucosylation of trichothecenes, the effect of the isolated fungal endophytes on the deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside level was also assessed. In general, results showed a considerable variability in the antifungal activity, both among species and among isolates within one species. Additionally, the effect on mycotoxin levels was variable, and not necessarily related to the antifungal activity except for zearalenone levels which were consistently reduced by the endophytes. These results highlight the great potential of certain endophytic fungal strains as new biocontrol agents in agricultural science.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
Antifungal activity of endophytes against Fusarium graminearum varied considerably among species and among isolates.
- Interactor
- Fusarium graminearum
_on_Corn_(Zea_mays)_at_Waimea%2C_Hawaii.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium graminearume0pathogen - Outcome
- antifungal activitye1
- Qualifier
- among species and among isolates within one speciese1
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_on_Corn_(Zea_mays)_at_Waimea%2C_Hawaii.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Reduce Trichothecenes and Zearalenone in Maize”
e0“Fusarium graminearum can cause Giberella Ear Rot (GER) and seedling blight in maize”
e1“results showed a considerable variability in the antifungal activity, both among species and among isolates within one species”
Claim · model-written summary
Endophytes consistently reduced zearalenone levels in maize infected by Fusarium graminearum.
- Treatment
- endophytese2
- Interactor
- Fusarium graminearumFusarium graminearume0pathogen
- Second interactor
- endophytese2biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- zearalenone levelse2
- Direction
- consistently reducede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Reduce Trichothecenes and Zearalenone in Maize”
e0“Fusarium graminearum can cause Giberella Ear Rot (GER) and seedling blight in maize”
e2“except for zearalenone levels which were consistently reduced by the endophytes”
Claim · model-written summary
The effect of endophytes on mycotoxin levels in maize was variable and not necessarily related to antifungal activity.
- Interactor
- Fusarium graminearumFusarium graminearume0pathogen
- Outcome
- mycotoxin levelse3
- Qualifier
- variablee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Reduce Trichothecenes and Zearalenone in Maize”
e0“Fusarium graminearum can cause Giberella Ear Rot (GER) and seedling blight in maize”
e3“Additionally, the effect on mycotoxin levels was variable, and not necessarily related to the antifungal activity”
Claim · model-written summary
Certain endophytic fungal strains have great potential as new biocontrol agents for maize.
- Outcome
- great potential of certain endophytic fungal strains as new biocontrol agentse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Reduce Trichothecenes and Zearalenone in Maize”
e4“highlight the great potential of certain endophytic fungal strains as new biocontrol agents”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · Fusarium graminearum · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- negative
9 papers more in this group
See all 13 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.