Abstract
Harvested strawberry ( Fragaria × ananassa ) fruit has a short shelf life due to rapid postharvest metabolism, quick softening, mechanical damage, and fungal decay. To improve the storability of strawberry fruit, we subjected harvested fruit to short-term exposure to 30% carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and used transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses to identify the cellular responses induced by this treatment. Fruit was stored at 10 °C for 10 d after a 3-h exposure to 30% CO 2 (treatment) or ambient air (control) at 25 °C, respectively. The CO 2 treatment reduced fruit decay and softening compared to the control throughout the 10-d storage period. Transcriptomic analyses revealed that expression levels of genes encoding cell wall-degrading enzymes (expansin, pectinesterase, and β-xylosidase) decreased in response to the CO 2 treatment. Within 1 d after the CO 2 treatment, the expression levels of genes encoding heat-shock proteins significantly increased. Metabolite profiling revealed that glucose, quinic acid, and succinic acid increased in responses to the CO 2 treatment at 1 d. Transmission electron microscopy showed that disintegration of the middle lamella in the cell wall was inhibited by the CO 2 treatment. Polyuronide (insoluble pectin) content in cell walls was 30% higher, on average, in the treated fruit than those in the control fruit during the 10-d storage period. These results indicate that a short-term treatment with 30% CO 2 reduces the degradation of pectin in the cell wall by reducing the activity of cell wall-degrading enzymes and induces abiotic stress-response genes in harvested strawberry fruit. Our results improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind CO 2 -responsive genes in strawberry fruit and provide insight into ways to improve the postharvest quality of strawberries.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc-nd. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
The CO 2 treatment reduced fruit decay and softening compared with the control throughout 10 d of storage.
- Taxon
- Fragaria × ananassa
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassae0 - Organ / stage
- fruite0
- Treatment
- 30% carbon dioxidee1
- Outcome
- fruit decay and softeninge2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Qualifier
- throughout the 10-d storage periode2
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Harvested strawberry ( Fragaria × ananassa ) fruit”
e1“short-term exposure to 30% carbon dioxide”
e2“The CO 2 treatment reduced fruit decay and softening compared to the control throughout the 10-d storage period”
Claim · model-written summary
Glucose, quinic acid and succinic acid increased in fruit after the CO 2 treatment at 1 d.
- Taxon
- Fragaria × ananassaFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- CO 2 treatmente3
- Outcome
- glucose, quinic acid, and succinic acide3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Qualifier
- at 1 de3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Harvested strawberry ( Fragaria × ananassa ) fruit”
e3“Metabolite profiling revealed that glucose, quinic acid, and succinic acid increased in responses to the CO 2 treatment at 1 d”
Claim · model-written summary
Expression of genes encoding cell wall-degrading enzymes (expansin, pectinesterase, beta-xylosidase) decreased after the CO 2 treatment.
- Taxon
- Fragaria × ananassaFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- CO 2 treatmente4
- Gene
- expansin, pectinesterase, and β-xylosidasee4
- Outcome
- expression levels of genes encoding cell wall-degrading enzymese4
- Direction
- decreasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Harvested strawberry ( Fragaria × ananassa ) fruit”
e4“expression levels of genes encoding cell wall-degrading enzymes (expansin, pectinesterase, and β-xylosidase) decreased in response to the CO 2 treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Expression of genes encoding heat-shock proteins significantly increased within 1 d after the CO 2 treatment.
- Taxon
- Fragaria × ananassaFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- CO 2 treatmente5
- Gene
- heat-shock proteinse5
- Outcome
- expression levels of genes encoding heat-shock proteinse5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Qualifier
- Within 1 d after the CO 2 treatmente5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Harvested strawberry ( Fragaria × ananassa ) fruit”
e5“Within 1 d after the CO 2 treatment, the expression levels of genes encoding heat-shock proteins significantly increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Insoluble pectin (polyuronide) content in cell walls was 30% higher in CO2-treated fruit than in control fruit during storage.
- Taxon
- Fragaria × ananassaFragaria ×ananassae0
- Organ / stage
- cell wallse6
- Treatment
- 30% carbon dioxidee1
- Outcome
- Polyuronide (insoluble pectin) content in cell wallse6
- Direction
- highere6
- Value
- 30%e6
- Qualifier
- on averagee6
- Comparator
- control fruite6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Harvested strawberry ( Fragaria × ananassa ) fruit”
e1“short-term exposure to 30% carbon dioxide”
e6“Polyuronide (insoluble pectin) content in cell walls was 30% higher, on average, in the treated fruit than those in the control fruit during the 10-d storage period”
Claim · model-written summary
The CO 2 treatment inhibited disintegration of the middle lamella in the cell wall, as seen by transmission electron microscopy.
- Taxon
- Fragaria × ananassaFragaria ×ananassae0
- Organ / stage
- cell walle7
- Treatment
- CO 2 treatmente7
- Outcome
- disintegration of the middle lamella in the cell walle7
- Direction
- inhibitede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Harvested strawberry ( Fragaria × ananassa ) fruit”
e7“Transmission electron microscopy showed that disintegration of the middle lamella in the cell wall was inhibited by the CO 2 treatment”
The same questions in other papers
co2 · molecular: metabolites · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Results differ
19 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- negative
20 papers more in this group
See all 24 papers →co2 · molecular: expression · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
co2 · disease · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Positive and negative results
16 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
14 papers more in this group
See all 18 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.