Abstract
Monosporascus cannonballus responsible for cucurbits Monosporascus root rot and vine decline, is worldwide spread notably in Tunisia. The most appropriate strategies to suppress disease development are those able to reduce the ascospores population using eco-friendly approach treatments. Seven soilborne fungal isolates were tested in vitro (by dual confrontation technique) and in vivo in the greenhouse as potential bioagents against three virulent M. cannonballus isolates. In vivo experiments were divided into two assays, preventive and curative treatments. Trichoderma viride and T. harzianum exhibited high inhibitory activities against M. cannonballus mycelial growth with values more than 90%, followed by Aspergillus niger (87.89%) and Paecilomyces victoriae (80.44%). Furthermore, these two Trichoderma spp. when applied preventively and curatively in in vivo trials, reduced significantly disease incidence (8.33% and 16.67-20.83%), root disease index (0.79-0.8 and 1.25-1.17), and reduced also ascospores index (1.5-1.54 asc/g of peat) and (2.54-2.42 asc/g of peat), respectively, in comparison with control treatments. Moreover, T. viride and T. harzianum enhanced the growth development of watermelon plants treated preventively and curatively in the greenhouse. They significantly improved different horticultural measurements with mean values of plant height (76.75-79.83 cm, and 81.83-80.92 cm), root volume (2.39-2.22 cm3, and 1.84-1.88 cm3), above grounds fresh weight (16.07-16.57 g, and 12.84-14.93 g) and dry wt. (2.49-2.6 g, and 2.66-2.70 g), underground fresh wt. (0.725-0.654 g, and 0.717-0.690 g) and dry wt. (0.147-0.214 g, and 0.156-0.152 g). Based on current results, it appears that Trichoderma spp. could be employed in soil treatments to promote watermelon plant growth and development.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma viride inhibited M. cannonballus mycelial growth by more than 90%.
- Taxon
- watermelon
Citrullus lanatust0 - Treatment
- Trichoderma viridee0
- Interactor
- M. cannonballusMonosporascus cannonballuse0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Trichoderma viride
Trichoderma viridee0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- M. cannonballus mycelial growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitorye0
- Value
- more than 90%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trichoderma viride and T. harzianum exhibited high inhibitory activities against M. cannonballus mycelial growth with values more than 90%”
t0“watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
T. harzianum inhibited M. cannonballus mycelial growth by more than 90%.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- T. harzianume0
- Interactor
- M. cannonballusMonosporascus cannonballuse0pathogen
- Second interactor
- T. harzianum
Trichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- M. cannonballus mycelial growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitorye0
- Value
- more than 90%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trichoderma viride and T. harzianum exhibited high inhibitory activities against M. cannonballus mycelial growth with values more than 90%”
t0“watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
Aspergillus niger inhibited pathogen mycelial growth by 87.89%.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- Aspergillus nigere0
- Interactor
- M. cannonballusMonosporascus cannonballuse0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Aspergillus niger
Aspergillus nigere0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- M. cannonballus mycelial growthe0
- Value
- 87.89%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trichoderma viride and T. harzianum exhibited high inhibitory activities against M. cannonballus mycelial growth with values more than 90%, followed by Aspergillus niger (87.89%)”
t0“watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
Paecilomyces victoriae inhibited pathogen mycelial growth by 80.44%.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- Paecilomyces victoriaee0
- Interactor
- M. cannonballusMonosporascus cannonballuse0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Paecilomyces victoriaePaecilomyces victoriaee0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- M. cannonballus mycelial growthe0
- Value
- 80.44%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trichoderma viride and T. harzianum exhibited high inhibitory activities against M. cannonballus mycelial growth with values more than 90%, followed by Aspergillus niger (87.89%) and Paecilomyces victoriae (80.44%)”
t0“watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
Preventive and curative Trichoderma treatments significantly reduced watermelon disease incidence.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- Trichoderma spp. when applied preventively and curativelye0
- Interactor
- Monosporascus cannonballusMonosporascus cannonballuse1pathogen
- Second interactor
- Trichoderma spp.Trichodermae0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- control treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these two Trichoderma spp. when applied preventively and curatively in in vivo trials, reduced significantly disease incidence (8.33% and 16.67-20.83%), root disease index (0.79-0.8 and 1.25-1.17), and reduced also ascospores index (1.5-1.54 asc/g of peat) and (2.54-2.42 asc/g of peat), respectively, in comparison with control treatments.”
t0“watermelon”
e1“Monosporascus cannonballus responsible for cucurbits”
Claim · model-written summary
Preventive and curative Trichoderma treatments reduced watermelon root disease index.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- Trichoderma spp. when applied preventively and curativelye0
- Interactor
- Monosporascus cannonballusMonosporascus cannonballuse1pathogen
- Second interactor
- Trichoderma spp.Trichodermae0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- root disease indexe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- control treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these two Trichoderma spp. when applied preventively and curatively in in vivo trials, reduced significantly disease incidence (8.33% and 16.67-20.83%), root disease index (0.79-0.8 and 1.25-1.17), and reduced also ascospores index (1.5-1.54 asc/g of peat) and (2.54-2.42 asc/g of peat), respectively, in comparison with control treatments.”
t0“watermelon”
e1“Monosporascus cannonballus responsible for cucurbits”
Claim · model-written summary
Preventive and curative Trichoderma treatments reduced the ascospore index.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- Trichoderma spp. when applied preventively and curativelye0
- Interactor
- Monosporascus cannonballusMonosporascus cannonballuse1pathogen
- Second interactor
- Trichoderma spp.Trichodermae0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- ascospores indexe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- control treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these two Trichoderma spp. when applied preventively and curatively in in vivo trials, reduced significantly disease incidence (8.33% and 16.67-20.83%), root disease index (0.79-0.8 and 1.25-1.17), and reduced also ascospores index (1.5-1.54 asc/g of peat) and (2.54-2.42 asc/g of peat), respectively, in comparison with control treatments.”
t0“watermelon”
e1“Monosporascus cannonballus responsible for cucurbits”
Claim · model-written summary
Preventive and curative Trichoderma treatments improved watermelon height and root volume.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse0
- Treatment
- T. viride and T. harzianume0
- Interactor
- T. virideTrichoderma viridee0biocontrol_agent
- Second interactor
- T. harzianumTrichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T. viride and T. harzianum enhanced the growth development of watermelon plants treated preventively and curatively in the greenhouse. They significantly improved different horticultural measurements with mean values of plant height (76.75-79.83 cm, and 81.83-80.92 cm), root volume (2.39-2.22 cm3, and 1.84-1.88 cm3)”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma treatments improved watermelon shoot fresh and dry weights.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse0
- Treatment
- T. viride and T. harzianume0
- Outcome
- above grounds fresh weighte0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T. viride and T. harzianum enhanced the growth development of watermelon plants treated preventively and curatively in the greenhouse. They significantly improved different horticultural measurements with mean values of plant height (76.75-79.83 cm, and 81.83-80.92 cm), root volume (2.39-2.22 cm3, and 1.84-1.88 cm3), above grounds fresh weight (16.07-16.57 g, and 12.84-14.93 g) and dry wt. (2.49-2.6 g, and 2.66-2.70 g)”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma treatments improved watermelon belowground fresh and dry weights.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse0
- Treatment
- T. viride and T. harzianume0
- Outcome
- underground fresh wt.e0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T. viride and T. harzianum enhanced the growth development of watermelon plants treated preventively and curatively in the greenhouse. They significantly improved different horticultural measurements with mean values of plant height (76.75-79.83 cm, and 81.83-80.92 cm), root volume (2.39-2.22 cm3, and 1.84-1.88 cm3), above grounds fresh weight (16.07-16.57 g, and 12.84-14.93 g) and dry wt. (2.49-2.6 g, and 2.66-2.70 g), underground fresh wt. (0.725-0.654 g, and 0.717-0.690 g) and dry wt. (0.147-0.214 g, and 0.156-0.152 g).”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors proposed Trichoderma soil treatments to promote watermelon growth.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse0
- Interactor
- Trichoderma spp.Trichodermae0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- soil treatments to promote watermelon plant growth and developmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trichoderma spp. could be employed in soil treatments to promote watermelon plant growth and development.”
The same questions in other papers
Trichoderma viride · growth · Citrullus lanatus (watermelon)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Trichoderma harzianum · growth · Citrullus lanatus (watermelon)Results agree
6 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.