Abstract
Abstract Fungicides and antagonists were tested for their efficacy in the management of fungal pathogens of watermelon. The fungal species in different genera were isolated from the seeds of watermelon and their vulnerability was assessed against an array of chemicals and bio‐agents. Among the fungal pathogens, Fusarium species were effectively controlled by Bavistin. Topsin also showed the promising effects against all the fungal pathogens, and Dithane M‐45 effectively controlled Didymella bryoniae. Seed treatment with antagonists like Trichoderma harzianum and T. viride improved the seed germination, seedling vigour and reduced the incidence of seed‐borne fungal pathogens. Bavistin and Topsin among chemicals increased significantly the seed germination and vigour index. Trichoderma harzianum showed its efficacy against all Fusarium species and even stood effective than Captan and Blitox. However, Pseudomonas fluorescens also showed promising effect against Didymella bryoniae over fungicides. Under field condition, Topsin and Dithane M‐45 showed better yield than Bioagents.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Fusarium species in watermelon seed were effectively controlled by Bavistin.
- Taxon
- watermelon
Citrullus lanatust0 - Treatment
- Bavistine0
- Outcome
- Fusarium speciese0
- Direction
- effectively controllede0
FusariumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“watermelon”
e0“Among the fungal pathogens, Fusarium species were effectively controlled by Bavistin.”
Claim · model-written summary
Topsin showed promising effects against all watermelon fungal pathogens.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- Topsine0
- Outcome
- promising effects against all the fungal pathogense0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“watermelon”
e0“Topsin also showed the promising effects against all the fungal pathogens, and Dithane M‐45 effectively controlled Didymella bryoniae.”
Claim · model-written summary
Dithane M‐45 effectively controlled Didymella bryoniae on watermelon.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- Dithane M‐45e0
- Interactor
- Didymella bryoniae
Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearume0pathogen - Outcome
- Didymella bryoniaee0
- Direction
- effectively controllede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“watermelon”
e0“Dithane M‐45 effectively controlled Didymella bryoniae.”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed treatment with Trichoderma harzianum improved watermelon germination and seedling vigour and reduced seedborne pathogen incidence.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- Seed treatment with antagonists like Trichoderma harzianume0
- Interactor
- Trichoderma harzianum
Trichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- seed germination, seedling vigoure0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“watermelon”
e0“Seed treatment with antagonists like Trichoderma harzianum and T. viride improved the seed germination, seedling vigour and reduced the incidence of seed‐borne fungal pathogens.”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed treatment with T. viride improved watermelon germination and seedling vigour and reduced seedborne pathogen incidence.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- T. viridee0
- Interactor
- T. viride
Trichoderma viridee0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- seed germination, seedling vigoure0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“watermelon”
e0“Seed treatment with antagonists like Trichoderma harzianum and T. viride improved the seed germination, seedling vigour and reduced the incidence of seed‐borne fungal pathogens.”
Claim · model-written summary
Bavistin significantly increased watermelon seed germination and vigour index.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- Bavistine0
- Outcome
- seed germination and vigour indexe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“watermelon”
e0“Bavistin and Topsin among chemicals increased significantly the seed germination and vigour index.”
Claim · model-written summary
Topsin significantly increased watermelon seed germination and vigour index.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- Topsine0
- Outcome
- seed germination and vigour indexe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“watermelon”
e0“Bavistin and Topsin among chemicals increased significantly the seed germination and vigour index.”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma harzianum was more effective than Captan and Blitox against all Fusarium species.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- Trichoderma harzianume0
- Second interactor
- Trichoderma harzianumTrichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- all Fusarium speciese0
- Direction
- effectivee0
- Comparator
- Captan and Blitoxe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“watermelon”
e0“Trichoderma harzianum showed its efficacy against all Fusarium species and even stood effective than Captan and Blitox.”
Claim · model-written summary
Pseudomonas fluorescens showed a promising effect against Didymella bryoniae relative to fungicides.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- Pseudomonas fluorescense0
- Interactor
- Didymella bryoniaeStagonosporopsis cucurbitacearume0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Pseudomonas fluorescens
.JPG?width=60)
Pseudomonas fluorescense0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- Didymella bryoniaee0
- Direction
- promising effecte0
- Comparator
- fungicidese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.JPG?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“watermelon”
e0“Pseudomonas fluorescens also showed promising effect against Didymella bryoniae over fungicides.”
Claim · model-written summary
Topsin gave better watermelon yield than bioagents under field conditions.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- Topsine0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- Bioagentse0
- Setting
- field conditione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“watermelon”
e0“Under field condition, Topsin and Dithane M‐45 showed better yield than Bioagents.”
Claim · model-written summary
Dithane M‐45 gave better watermelon yield than bioagents under field conditions.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- Dithane M‐45e0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- Bioagentse0
- Setting
- field conditione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“watermelon”
e0“Under field condition, Topsin and Dithane M‐45 showed better yield than Bioagents.”
The same questions in other papers
carbendazim · Fusarium · Citrullus lanatus (watermelon)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Trichoderma harzianum · Fusarium · Citrullus lanatus (watermelon)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Pseudomonas fluorescens · Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum · Citrullus lanatus (watermelon)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Trichoderma viride · growth · Citrullus lanatus (watermelon)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Trichoderma harzianum · growth · Citrullus lanatus (watermelon)Results agree
6 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →seed treatment · growth · Citrullus lanatus (watermelon)Positive and negative results
25 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- positive
24 papers more in this group
See all 28 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.