Abstract
Activities of enzymes decomposing hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) under long exposure to hardening low temperatures and the effect of Δ12-acyl-lipid desaturase on these processes were studied on potato ( Solanum tuberosum L., cv. Desnitsa), which typically represents cold-tolerant plants. We compared nontransformed plants (control) and the line transformed with the construction carrying the target desA gene of the mentioned desaturase from cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC ( desA-licBM3 plants). The plants were hardened at 5°C for six days under illumination of 50 μmol/(m 2 s). The hardening was found to favor plant tolerance to the subsequent frost, and the desA-licBM3 plants exceed the controls in this property. Of the studied H 2 O 2 -scavenging enzymes, soluble type III peroxidases (guaiacol peroxidases) displayed the most activity, and type I peroxidase (ascorbate peroxidase) was the least active in the two potato lines over the hardening period. The activity of catalase increased twofold in the control and fourfold in the transformed plants in the first day of the hardening. However, the doubled catalase activity did not appear to compensate the H 2 O 2 accumulation over this period. The recorded rise in catalase activity in the desA-licBM3 plants, together with the high activity of guaiacol peroxidases, favored lowering the hydrogen peroxide level in comparison with the initial values. For the first time, electrophoresis revealed two catalase isoforms, CAT1 and CAT2, in leaves of both potato lines. The significance of CAT1 was greater than that of CAT2 in the total catalase activity during the hardening period. It is concluded that, under the long-term cold hardening of potato plants, the content of hydrogen peroxide is determined by highly active guaiacol peroxidases and Class I catalase exerting energy-independent H 2 O 2 decomposing. In this case, in the transformants that are rich in membrane lipids, where polyunsaturated fatty acids predominate, the activity of H 2 O 2 -scavenging enzymes increased significantly more than in the control, which is why the hardening of the transformants is more effective.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Hardening of potato plants at 5°C favored their tolerance to subsequent frost.
- Taxon
- potato
Solanum tuberosume0 - Treatment
- hardened at 5°C for six dayse1
- Outcome
- plant tolerance to the subsequent froste2
- Direction
- favore2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“were studied on potato ( Solanum tuberosum L., cv. Desnitsa)”
e1“The plants were hardened at 5°C for six days under illumination of 50 μmol/(m 2 s)”
e2“The hardening was found to favor plant tolerance to the subsequent frost, and the desA-licBM3 plants exceed the controls in this property”
Claim · model-written summary
The desA-licBM3 transformed potato line exceeded the controls in frost tolerance after hardening.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Material
- desA-licBM3e2
- Treatment
- transformed with the construction carrying the target desA genee1
- Gene
- desAe1
- Outcome
- plant tolerance to the subsequent froste2
- Direction
- exceede2
- Comparator
- controlse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“were studied on potato ( Solanum tuberosum L., cv. Desnitsa)”
e1“the line transformed with the construction carrying the target desA gene”
e2“The hardening was found to favor plant tolerance to the subsequent frost, and the desA-licBM3 plants exceed the controls in this property”
Claim · model-written summary
Soluble type III guaiacol peroxidases displayed the highest H2O2-scavenging enzyme activity during hardening.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Outcome
- activitye1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Comparator
- the studied H 2 O 2 -scavenging enzymese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“were studied on potato ( Solanum tuberosum L., cv. Desnitsa)”
e1“Of the studied H 2 O 2 -scavenging enzymes, soluble type III peroxidases (guaiacol peroxidases) displayed the most activity”
Claim · model-written summary
Type I ascorbate peroxidase was the least active H2O2-scavenging enzyme in both potato lines during hardening.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Outcome
- least activee1
- Direction
- lowerinferrede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“were studied on potato ( Solanum tuberosum L., cv. Desnitsa)”
e1“type I peroxidase (ascorbate peroxidase) was the least active in the two potato lines”
Claim · model-written summary
Catalase activity in the control potato plants increased twofold in the first day of hardening.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Material
- nontransformed plantse1
- Treatment
- hardeninge2
- Outcome
- activity of catalasee2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- twofolde2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“were studied on potato ( Solanum tuberosum L., cv. Desnitsa)”
e1“We compared nontransformed plants (control)”
e2“The activity of catalase increased twofold in the control and fourfold in the transformed plants in the first day of the hardening”
Claim · model-written summary
Catalase activity in the transformed potato plants increased fourfold in the first day of hardening.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Material
- transformed plantse1
- Treatment
- hardeninge1
- Outcome
- activity of catalasee1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- fourfolde1
- Qualifier
- twofold in the controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“were studied on potato ( Solanum tuberosum L., cv. Desnitsa)”
e1“The activity of catalase increased twofold in the control and fourfold in the transformed plants in the first day of the hardening”
Claim · model-written summary
The doubled catalase activity did not appear to compensate for hydrogen peroxide accumulation during hardening.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Outcome
- H 2 O 2 accumulatione1
- Direction
- did not appear to compensatee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“were studied on potato ( Solanum tuberosum L., cv. Desnitsa)”
e1“the doubled catalase activity did not appear to compensate the H 2 O 2 accumulation over this period”
Claim · model-written summary
Rising catalase activity in the desA-licBM3 plants, with high guaiacol peroxidase activity, favored lowering hydrogen peroxide below its initial level.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Material
- desA-licBM3 plantse1
- Outcome
- hydrogen peroxide levele1
- Direction
- loweringe1
- Comparator
- the initial valuese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“were studied on potato ( Solanum tuberosum L., cv. Desnitsa)”
e1“The recorded rise in catalase activity in the desA-licBM3 plants, together with the high activity of guaiacol peroxidases, favored lowering the hydrogen peroxide level in comparison with the initial values”
Claim · model-written summary
Two catalase isoforms, CAT1 and CAT2, were detected in leaves of both potato lines for the first time.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Gene
- CAT1 and CAT2e0
- Outcome
- two catalase isoformse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“electrophoresis revealed two catalase isoforms, CAT1 and CAT2, in leaves of both potato lines”
Claim · model-written summary
CAT1 contributed more than CAT2 to total catalase activity during the hardening period.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Gene
- CAT1e1
- Outcome
- total catalase activitye1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Comparator
- CAT2e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“were studied on potato ( Solanum tuberosum L., cv. Desnitsa)”
e1“The significance of CAT1 was greater than that of CAT2 in the total catalase activity during the hardening period”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydrogen peroxide content during long-term cold hardening is determined by highly active guaiacol peroxidases and Class I catalase.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Gene
- guaiacol peroxidasese1
- Outcome
- content of hydrogen peroxidee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“were studied on potato ( Solanum tuberosum L., cv. Desnitsa)”
e1“the content of hydrogen peroxide is determined by highly active guaiacol peroxidases and Class I catalase”
Claim · model-written summary
In desA-transformed plants rich in membrane lipids, H2O2-scavenging enzyme activity increased significantly more than in the control.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- transformants that are rich in membrane lipidse2
- Outcome
- activity of H 2 O 2 -scavenging enzymese1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- the controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“were studied on potato ( Solanum tuberosum L., cv. Desnitsa)”
e1“the activity of H 2 O 2 -scavenging enzymes increased significantly more than in the control”
e2“in the transformants that are rich in membrane lipids”
Claim · model-written summary
Hardening of the desA-transformed plants was more effective than hardening of the controls.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- hardeninge1
- Outcome
- the hardening of the transformants is more effectivee1
- Direction
- more effectivee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“were studied on potato ( Solanum tuberosum L., cv. Desnitsa)”
e1“the hardening of the transformants is more effective”
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