Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at regional research station of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Chakdaha, Nadia, West Bengal during Rabi season, 2012-13 to find out the various effect for controlling weeds in Rabi wheat (PBW- 343) grown with recommended package of practices by the application of 2,4-D Dimethylamine 50% SL. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design, comprising of nine treatments. Treatments were as follows:T1 - 2,4-D amine 50% SL (Nufarm) @ 0.25 kg a.i. ha-1, T2 - 2,4-D amine 50% SL (Nufarm) @ 0.50 kg a.i. ha-1, T3 - 2,4-D amine 50% SL (Nufarm) @ 0.75 kg a.i. ha-1, T4 - 2,4-D amine 50% SL (Nufarm) @ 1.00 kg a.i. ha-1, T5 - 2,4-D amine 58% SL (Commercial) @ 0.50 kg a.i. ha-1, T6 - Metsulfuron methyl 20% WP @ 0.004 kg a.i. ha-1, T7 - Hand Weeding at 20 DAS & 40 DAS, T8 – Unweeded control treatments and T9 - 2,4-D amine 50% SL (Nufarm) @ 2.00 kg a.i. ha-1 and replicated thrice. In between aforesaid treatments, T9 - 2,4-D amine 50% SL (Nufarm) @ 2.00 kg a.i. ha-1 was included only for phytotoxicity observation. Phalaris minor, Cynodon dactylon, Avena fatua, Chenopodium album, Cirsium arvense, Fumaria parviflora, Anagallis arvensis, Cyperus rotundus and Cyperus iria were the dominant weed species. Among the weed control methods 2,4-D amine 50% SL (Nufarm) @ 1.0 kg a.i. ha-1(T4)(40.00, 16.73 and 34.34 % respectively) and 2,4-D amine 50% SL(Nufarm) @ 0.75 kg a.i. ha-1(T3) (40.00, 15.82 and 32.06% respectively) recorded the higher weed control efficiency after hand weeding twice at 20, 40 and 60 DAS. Among the herbicide treatments, maximum grain yield and lowest weed index were recorded under 2,4-D amine 50% SL (Nufarm) @ 1.00 kg a.i. ha-1 (T4) (1.80 t ha-1and 2.70% respectively) plot. The herbicide 2,4-D amine 50% SL tested at different doses and the tested new formulation is safe to the wheat crop.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Phalaris minor was a dominant weed in wheat.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Interactor
- Phalaris minor
.jpg?width=60)
Phalaris minore0weed - Outcome
- dominant weed speciese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Phalaris minor, Cynodon dactylon, Avena fatua, Chenopodium album, Cirsium arvense, Fumaria parviflora, Anagallis arvensis, Cyperus rotundus and Cyperus iria were the dominant weed species.”
t0“Weeds in Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Cynodon dactylon was a dominant weed in wheat.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- Cynodon dactylon
Cynodon dactylone0weed - Outcome
- dominant weed speciese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phalaris minor, Cynodon dactylon, Avena fatua, Chenopodium album, Cirsium arvense, Fumaria parviflora, Anagallis arvensis, Cyperus rotundus and Cyperus iria were the dominant weed species.”
t0“Weeds in Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Avena fatua was a dominant weed in wheat.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- Avena fatua
Avena fatuae0weed - Outcome
- dominant weed speciese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phalaris minor, Cynodon dactylon, Avena fatua, Chenopodium album, Cirsium arvense, Fumaria parviflora, Anagallis arvensis, Cyperus rotundus and Cyperus iria were the dominant weed species.”
t0“Weeds in Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Chenopodium album was a dominant weed in wheat.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- Chenopodium album
Chenopodium albume0weed - Outcome
- dominant weed speciese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phalaris minor, Cynodon dactylon, Avena fatua, Chenopodium album, Cirsium arvense, Fumaria parviflora, Anagallis arvensis, Cyperus rotundus and Cyperus iria were the dominant weed species.”
t0“Weeds in Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Cirsium arvense was a dominant weed in wheat.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- Cirsium arvense
Cirsium arvensee0weed - Outcome
- dominant weed speciese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phalaris minor, Cynodon dactylon, Avena fatua, Chenopodium album, Cirsium arvense, Fumaria parviflora, Anagallis arvensis, Cyperus rotundus and Cyperus iria were the dominant weed species.”
t0“Weeds in Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Fumaria parviflora was a dominant weed in wheat.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- Fumaria parviflora
.jpg?width=60)
Fumaria parviflorae0weed - Outcome
- dominant weed speciese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Phalaris minor, Cynodon dactylon, Avena fatua, Chenopodium album, Cirsium arvense, Fumaria parviflora, Anagallis arvensis, Cyperus rotundus and Cyperus iria were the dominant weed species.”
t0“Weeds in Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Anagallis arvensis was a dominant weed in wheat.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- Anagallis arvensis
Lysimachia arvensise0weed - Outcome
- dominant weed speciese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phalaris minor, Cynodon dactylon, Avena fatua, Chenopodium album, Cirsium arvense, Fumaria parviflora, Anagallis arvensis, Cyperus rotundus and Cyperus iria were the dominant weed species.”
t0“Weeds in Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Cyperus rotundus was a dominant weed in wheat.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- Cyperus rotundus
Cyperus rotunduse0weed - Outcome
- dominant weed speciese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phalaris minor, Cynodon dactylon, Avena fatua, Chenopodium album, Cirsium arvense, Fumaria parviflora, Anagallis arvensis, Cyperus rotundus and Cyperus iria were the dominant weed species.”
t0“Weeds in Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Cyperus iria was a dominant weed in wheat.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- Cyperus iria
.jpg?width=60)
Cyperus iriae0weed - Outcome
- dominant weed speciese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Phalaris minor, Cynodon dactylon, Avena fatua, Chenopodium album, Cirsium arvense, Fumaria parviflora, Anagallis arvensis, Cyperus rotundus and Cyperus iria were the dominant weed species.”
t0“Weeds in Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
T4 gave higher weed control efficiency after hand weeding.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 2,4-D amine 50% SL (Nufarm) @ 1.0 kg a.i. ha-1e0
- Outcome
- weed control efficiencye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 40.00, 16.73 and 34.34 %e0
- Comparator
- hand weeding twice at 20, 40 and 60 DASe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the weed control methods 2,4-D amine 50% SL (Nufarm) @ 1.0 kg a.i. ha-1(T4)(40.00, 16.73 and 34.34 % respectively) and 2,4-D amine 50% SL(Nufarm) @ 0.75 kg a.i. ha-1(T3) (40.00, 15.82 and 32.06% respectively) recorded the higher weed control efficiency after hand weeding twice at 20, 40 and 60 DAS.”
t0“Weeds in Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
T3 gave higher weed control efficiency after hand weeding.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 2,4-D amine 50% SL(Nufarm) @ 0.75 kg a.i. ha-1e0
- Outcome
- weed control efficiencye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 40.00, 15.82 and 32.06%e0
- Comparator
- hand weeding twice at 20, 40 and 60 DASe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the weed control methods 2,4-D amine 50% SL (Nufarm) @ 1.0 kg a.i. ha-1(T4)(40.00, 16.73 and 34.34 % respectively) and 2,4-D amine 50% SL(Nufarm) @ 0.75 kg a.i. ha-1(T3) (40.00, 15.82 and 32.06% respectively) recorded the higher weed control efficiency after hand weeding twice at 20, 40 and 60 DAS.”
t0“Weeds in Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
T4 had the maximum wheat grain yield among herbicide treatments, 1.80 t ha-1.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 2,4-D amine 50% SL (Nufarm) @ 1.00 kg a.i. ha-1e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 1.80 t ha-1e0
- Comparator
- herbicide treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the herbicide treatments, maximum grain yield and lowest weed index were recorded under 2,4-D amine 50% SL (Nufarm) @ 1.00 kg a.i. ha-1 (T4) (1.80 t ha-1and 2.70% respectively) plot.”
t0“Weeds in Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
T4 had the lowest weed index among herbicide treatments, 2.70%.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 2,4-D amine 50% SL (Nufarm) @ 1.00 kg a.i. ha-1e0
- Outcome
- weed indexe0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 2.70%e0
- Comparator
- herbicide treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the herbicide treatments, maximum grain yield and lowest weed index were recorded under 2,4-D amine 50% SL (Nufarm) @ 1.00 kg a.i. ha-1 (T4) (1.80 t ha-1and 2.70% respectively) plot.”
t0“Weeds in Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The tested 2,4-D amine 50% SL formulation was judged safe for wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- 2,4-D amine 50% SLe0
- Outcome
- safe to the wheat crope0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The herbicide 2,4-D amine 50% SL tested at different doses and the tested new formulation is safe to the wheat crop.”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.