Abstract
Summary. Two Triticum aestivum and two T. durum varieties were sprayed at five different growth stages with 0–5 and 1 kg/ha 2,4‐D on the same day. The most sensitive stage was that of spike initiation, the most resistant phase followed the completion of spike differentiation, and plants close to caring were again very sensitive. Grain yield reductions of up to 19% with the low dose and 34% with the high dose were observed. The yield reductions at all growth stages were mainly due to a decrease in the number of kernels per spikelet. Application of 2,4‐D during tillering also reduced the numbers of spikes per plant and spikelets per spike. Malformations of the spikes occurred in some plants of T. aestivum treated at spike initiation, but these spikes did not differ in grain yield from normal spikes from equally treated plants.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat was most sensitive to 2,4‐D at spike initiation.
- Taxon
- SPRING WHEAT
Triticum aestivumt0 - Organ / stage
- spike initiatione0
- Outcome
- most sensitive stagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The most sensitive stage was that of spike initiation”
t0“SPRING WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat was most resistant after spike differentiation.
- Taxon
- SPRING WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- spike differentiatione0
- Outcome
- most resistant phasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the most resistant phase followed the completion of spike differentiation”
t0“SPRING WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat close to caring was again very sensitive.
- Taxon
- SPRING WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- close to caringe0
- Outcome
- very sensitivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants close to caring were again very sensitive”
t0“SPRING WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
The low 2,4‐D dose reduced wheat grain yield by up to 19%.
- Taxon
- SPRING WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- low dosee0
- Outcome
- Grain yielde0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 19%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yield reductions of up to 19% with the low dose and 34% with the high dose”
e1“sprayed at five different growth stages with 0–5 and 1 kg/ha 2,4‐D”
t0“SPRING WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
The high 2,4‐D dose reduced wheat grain yield by up to 34%.
- Taxon
- SPRING WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- high dosee0
- Outcome
- Grain yielde0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 34%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yield reductions of up to 19% with the low dose and 34% with the high dose”
t0“SPRING WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield reductions were mainly due to fewer kernels per spikelet.
- Taxon
- SPRING WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- kernels per spikelete0
- Outcome
- yield reductionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The yield reductions at all growth stages were mainly due to a decrease in the number of kernels per spikelet”
t0“SPRING WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
2,4‐D during tillering reduced spikes per plant and spikelets per spike.
- Taxon
- SPRING WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 2,4‐D during tilleringe0
- Outcome
- numbers of spikes per plant and spikelets per spikee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of 2,4‐D during tillering also reduced the numbers of spikes per plant and spikelets per spike”
t0“SPRING WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Some T. aestivum spikes were malformed after treatment at spike initiation.
- Taxon
- T. aestivumTriticum aestivume0
- Organ / stage
- spikese0
- Treatment
- treated at spike initiatione0
- Outcome
- Malformations of the spikese0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Malformations of the spikes occurred in some plants of T. aestivum treated at spike initiation”
e1“sprayed at five different growth stages with 0–5 and 1 kg/ha 2,4‐D”
Claim · model-written summary
Malformed spikes had similar grain yield to normal spikes under equal treatment.
- Taxon
- T. aestivumTriticum aestivume1
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- did not differe0
- Comparator
- normal spikese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these spikes did not differ in grain yield from normal spikes from equally treated plants”
e1“some plants of T. aestivum treated at spike initiation”
The same questions in other papers
2,4-D · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
37 papers in the same direction as this paper · 78 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- positive
112 papers more in this group
See all 116 papers →tillage · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
297 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1,116 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
1,410 papers more in this group
See all 1,414 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.