Effect of Foliar Spray of Boron and Different Zinc Levels on Growth and Yield of Kharif Greengram (Vigna radiata)

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted during the kharif season of 2017 in greengram crop (var. PDM-139) at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Allahabad (U.P.). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with consisting of frequency of foliar spray (0.2%) of 4 boron levels at different days of intervals (No. application control, 0.2%, foliar spray at 20 and 35 DAS and 0.2% foliar spray of borax at both stage (20 and 35 DAS) with basal application of 3 zinc levels (0kg control, 2.5kg ha-1, 5kg ha-1. The experimental results revealed that growth parameters viz. plant height (64.16cm), no. of branches per plant (7.80), no. of nodules (20.60), plant dry weight (8.48), Crop growth rate (CGR) (0.33g m-2 day-1) and yield attributes viz. no. pods per plant (23.86), no. of grains per pod (12.40), grain yield (2.18t h-1), straw yield (2.96 t ha-1) were significantly recorded higher under treatment T12 20 and 35DAS (0.2% foliar spray) of boron+5.0kg ha-1 of zinc.

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Claims 9

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Foliar boron with 5.0 kg ha-1 zinc gave higher plant height in greengram (64.16cm).

Taxon: greengramVigna radiata var. radiatae1
Material: PDM-139e1
Treatment: T12 20 and 35DAS (0.2% foliar spray) of boron+5.0kg ha-1 of zince2
Outcome: plant heighte2
Direction: highere2
Value: 64.16cme2
Setting: Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Allahabad (U.P.)e1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

*Vigna radiata var. radiata* · Taxon · picture of the speciesIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1
“A field experiment was conducted during the kharif season of 2017 in greengram crop (var. PDM-139) at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Allahabad (U.P.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–200 · show in text ↑

e2
“The experimental results revealed that growth parameters viz. plant height (64.16cm), no. of branches per plant (7.80), no. of nodules (20.60), plant dry weight (8.48), Crop growth rate (CGR) (0.33g m-2 day-1) and yield attributes viz. no. pods per plant (23.86), no. of grains per pod (12.40), grain yield (2.18t h-1), straw yield (2.96 t ha-1) were significantly recorded higher under treatment T12 20 and 35DAS (0.2% foliar spray) of boron+5.0kg ha-1 of zinc”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 557–1018 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Foliar boron with 5.0 kg ha-1 zinc gave higher number of branches per plant in greengram (7.80).

Taxon: greengramVigna radiata var. radiatae1
Material: PDM-139e1
Treatment: T12 20 and 35DAS (0.2% foliar spray) of boron+5.0kg ha-1 of zince2
Outcome: no. of branches per plante2
Direction: highere2
Value: 7.80e2
Setting: Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Allahabad (U.P.)e1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e1
“A field experiment was conducted during the kharif season of 2017 in greengram crop (var. PDM-139) at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Allahabad (U.P.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–200 · show in text ↑

e2
“The experimental results revealed that growth parameters viz. plant height (64.16cm), no. of branches per plant (7.80), no. of nodules (20.60), plant dry weight (8.48), Crop growth rate (CGR) (0.33g m-2 day-1) and yield attributes viz. no. pods per plant (23.86), no. of grains per pod (12.40), grain yield (2.18t h-1), straw yield (2.96 t ha-1) were significantly recorded higher under treatment T12 20 and 35DAS (0.2% foliar spray) of boron+5.0kg ha-1 of zinc”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 557–1018 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Foliar boron with 5.0 kg ha-1 zinc gave higher number of nodules in greengram (20.60).

Taxon: greengramVigna radiata var. radiatae1
Material: PDM-139e1
Treatment: T12 20 and 35DAS (0.2% foliar spray) of boron+5.0kg ha-1 of zince2
Outcome: no. of nodulese2
Direction: highere2
Value: 20.60e2
Setting: Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Allahabad (U.P.)e1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e1
“A field experiment was conducted during the kharif season of 2017 in greengram crop (var. PDM-139) at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Allahabad (U.P.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–200 · show in text ↑

e2
“The experimental results revealed that growth parameters viz. plant height (64.16cm), no. of branches per plant (7.80), no. of nodules (20.60), plant dry weight (8.48), Crop growth rate (CGR) (0.33g m-2 day-1) and yield attributes viz. no. pods per plant (23.86), no. of grains per pod (12.40), grain yield (2.18t h-1), straw yield (2.96 t ha-1) were significantly recorded higher under treatment T12 20 and 35DAS (0.2% foliar spray) of boron+5.0kg ha-1 of zinc”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 557–1018 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Foliar boron with 5.0 kg ha-1 zinc gave higher plant dry weight in greengram (8.48).

Taxon: greengramVigna radiata var. radiatae1
Material: PDM-139e1
Treatment: T12 20 and 35DAS (0.2% foliar spray) of boron+5.0kg ha-1 of zince2
Outcome: plant dry weighte2
Direction: highere2
Value: 8.48e2
Setting: Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Allahabad (U.P.)e1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e1
“A field experiment was conducted during the kharif season of 2017 in greengram crop (var. PDM-139) at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Allahabad (U.P.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–200 · show in text ↑

e2
“The experimental results revealed that growth parameters viz. plant height (64.16cm), no. of branches per plant (7.80), no. of nodules (20.60), plant dry weight (8.48), Crop growth rate (CGR) (0.33g m-2 day-1) and yield attributes viz. no. pods per plant (23.86), no. of grains per pod (12.40), grain yield (2.18t h-1), straw yield (2.96 t ha-1) were significantly recorded higher under treatment T12 20 and 35DAS (0.2% foliar spray) of boron+5.0kg ha-1 of zinc”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 557–1018 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Foliar boron with 5.0 kg ha-1 zinc gave higher crop growth rate in greengram (0.33 g m-2 day-1).

Taxon: greengramVigna radiata var. radiatae1
Material: PDM-139e1
Treatment: T12 20 and 35DAS (0.2% foliar spray) of boron+5.0kg ha-1 of zince2
Outcome: Crop growth rate (CGR)e2
Direction: highere2
Value: 0.33g m-2 day-1e2
Setting: Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Allahabad (U.P.)e1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e1
“A field experiment was conducted during the kharif season of 2017 in greengram crop (var. PDM-139) at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Allahabad (U.P.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–200 · show in text ↑

e2
“The experimental results revealed that growth parameters viz. plant height (64.16cm), no. of branches per plant (7.80), no. of nodules (20.60), plant dry weight (8.48), Crop growth rate (CGR) (0.33g m-2 day-1) and yield attributes viz. no. pods per plant (23.86), no. of grains per pod (12.40), grain yield (2.18t h-1), straw yield (2.96 t ha-1) were significantly recorded higher under treatment T12 20 and 35DAS (0.2% foliar spray) of boron+5.0kg ha-1 of zinc”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 557–1018 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Foliar boron with 5.0 kg ha-1 zinc gave higher number of pods per plant in greengram (23.86).

Taxon: greengramVigna radiata var. radiatae1
Material: PDM-139e1
Treatment: T12 20 and 35DAS (0.2% foliar spray) of boron+5.0kg ha-1 of zince2
Outcome: no. pods per plante2
Direction: highere2
Value: 23.86e2
Setting: Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Allahabad (U.P.)e1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e1
“A field experiment was conducted during the kharif season of 2017 in greengram crop (var. PDM-139) at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Allahabad (U.P.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–200 · show in text ↑

e2
“The experimental results revealed that growth parameters viz. plant height (64.16cm), no. of branches per plant (7.80), no. of nodules (20.60), plant dry weight (8.48), Crop growth rate (CGR) (0.33g m-2 day-1) and yield attributes viz. no. pods per plant (23.86), no. of grains per pod (12.40), grain yield (2.18t h-1), straw yield (2.96 t ha-1) were significantly recorded higher under treatment T12 20 and 35DAS (0.2% foliar spray) of boron+5.0kg ha-1 of zinc”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 557–1018 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Foliar boron with 5.0 kg ha-1 zinc gave higher number of grains per pod in greengram (12.40).

Taxon: greengramVigna radiata var. radiatae1
Material: PDM-139e1
Treatment: T12 20 and 35DAS (0.2% foliar spray) of boron+5.0kg ha-1 of zince2
Outcome: no. of grains per pode2
Direction: highere2
Value: 12.40e2
Setting: Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Allahabad (U.P.)e1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e1
“A field experiment was conducted during the kharif season of 2017 in greengram crop (var. PDM-139) at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Allahabad (U.P.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–200 · show in text ↑

e2
“The experimental results revealed that growth parameters viz. plant height (64.16cm), no. of branches per plant (7.80), no. of nodules (20.60), plant dry weight (8.48), Crop growth rate (CGR) (0.33g m-2 day-1) and yield attributes viz. no. pods per plant (23.86), no. of grains per pod (12.40), grain yield (2.18t h-1), straw yield (2.96 t ha-1) were significantly recorded higher under treatment T12 20 and 35DAS (0.2% foliar spray) of boron+5.0kg ha-1 of zinc”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 557–1018 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Foliar boron with 5.0 kg ha-1 zinc gave higher grain yield in greengram (2.18 t h-1).

Taxon: greengramVigna radiata var. radiatae1
Material: PDM-139e1
Treatment: T12 20 and 35DAS (0.2% foliar spray) of boron+5.0kg ha-1 of zince2
Outcome: grain yielde2
Direction: highere2
Value: 2.18t h-1e2
Setting: Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Allahabad (U.P.)e1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e1
“A field experiment was conducted during the kharif season of 2017 in greengram crop (var. PDM-139) at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Allahabad (U.P.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–200 · show in text ↑

e2
“The experimental results revealed that growth parameters viz. plant height (64.16cm), no. of branches per plant (7.80), no. of nodules (20.60), plant dry weight (8.48), Crop growth rate (CGR) (0.33g m-2 day-1) and yield attributes viz. no. pods per plant (23.86), no. of grains per pod (12.40), grain yield (2.18t h-1), straw yield (2.96 t ha-1) were significantly recorded higher under treatment T12 20 and 35DAS (0.2% foliar spray) of boron+5.0kg ha-1 of zinc”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 557–1018 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Foliar boron with 5.0 kg ha-1 zinc gave higher straw yield in greengram (2.96 t ha-1).

Taxon: greengramVigna radiata var. radiatae1
Material: PDM-139e1
Treatment: T12 20 and 35DAS (0.2% foliar spray) of boron+5.0kg ha-1 of zince2
Outcome: straw yielde2
Direction: highere2
Value: 2.96 t ha-1e2
Setting: Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Allahabad (U.P.)e1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e1
“A field experiment was conducted during the kharif season of 2017 in greengram crop (var. PDM-139) at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Allahabad (U.P.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–200 · show in text ↑

e2
“The experimental results revealed that growth parameters viz. plant height (64.16cm), no. of branches per plant (7.80), no. of nodules (20.60), plant dry weight (8.48), Crop growth rate (CGR) (0.33g m-2 day-1) and yield attributes viz. no. pods per plant (23.86), no. of grains per pod (12.40), grain yield (2.18t h-1), straw yield (2.96 t ha-1) were significantly recorded higher under treatment T12 20 and 35DAS (0.2% foliar spray) of boron+5.0kg ha-1 of zinc”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 557–1018 · show in text ↑

zinc atom · growth · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results differ

37 papers: 35 positive, 2 negative or no effect

34 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

positive
Zinc (100ppm) + NAA (50ppm) gave higher plant height (47.6 cm) in summer greengram.
“Influence of Micro Nutrients and Naphthalene Acetic Acid on Growth, Yield and Economics of Summer Greengram (Vigna radiata L.)” · 2023
Same directionCites this paper
negative
Zinc at 100 μM significantly decreased epicotyl elongation and fresh weight of mung bean seedlings compared with control.
Toxicity of copper and zinc in seedlings of Mung bean and inducing accumulation of polyamine · 1998 · compared with control
Opposite direction
negative
Zinc toxicity significantly reduced Vigna shoot and root length and fresh and dry biomass.
Physiological Responses of Vigna radiata to Zinc Stress Alleviated by 28-Homobrassinolide Priming · 2025
Opposite direction

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zinc atom · yield · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results differ

74 papers: 71 positive, 3 negative or no effect

70 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction

positive
Zinc (100ppm) + NAA (50ppm) gave higher number of branches/plant (9.00) in summer greengram.
“Influence of Micro Nutrients and Naphthalene Acetic Acid on Growth, Yield and Economics of Summer Greengram (Vigna radiata L.)” · 2023
Same directionCites this paper
no effect
P×Zn interactions did not affect mungbean yield.
Interactive effects of phosphorus and zinc in wheat, rice and mungbean · 2005
Opposite direction
negative
RDF with soil application of deficient micronutrients gave a stover yield of 2386.63 kg/ha, lower than the RDF with micronutrient mixture.
Effect of different methods of micronutrients mixture application on growth and yield of mungbean in Cauvery command area · 2018 · compared with soil application of RDF +micronutrients mixture
Opposite directionAbout lacking this nutrient, so it counts the other way round

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zinc atom · symbiosis · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Positive and negative results

18 papers: 17 positive, 1 negative or no effect

16 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

positive
Zinc (100ppm) + NAA (50ppm) gave higher number of nodules/plant (7.6) in summer greengram.
“Influence of Micro Nutrients and Naphthalene Acetic Acid on Growth, Yield and Economics of Summer Greengram (Vigna radiata L.)” · 2023
Same directionCites this paper
no effect
Foliar zinc and iron had no significant influence on height, nodules and branches.
Effect of foliar spray of zinc and iron on productivity of mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczeck] · 2020
Opposite direction
positive
Fe at 5 kg/ha and Zn at 10 kg/ha significantly increased nodule numbers (35) of mung bean
Response of Mung Bean Crop to Different Levels of Applied Iron and Zinc · 2018
Same direction

14 papers more in this group

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application · symbiosis · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Positive and negative results

29 papers: 28 positive, 1 negative or no effect

27 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

positive
no. of nodules plant -1 was highest in T11 (N3 with 0.2% borax foliar spray at 35DAS), at 8.80, versus 5.53 plant -1 in T1 (N1).
Effects of different phosphorus levels and frequency of boron levels on growth and yield of greengram · 2017 · compared with N 1 (20:40:20 NPK)
Same directionCited by this paper
no effect
Foliar zinc and iron had no significant influence on height, nodules and branches.
Effect of foliar spray of zinc and iron on productivity of mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczeck] · 2020
Opposite direction
positive
Treatment T6 recorded maximum number of nodules per plant.
Effect of Levels of Phosphorus and Zinc on Growth and Yield of Greengram (Vigna radiata L.) · 2020
Same direction

25 papers more in this group

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application · growth · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Positive and negative results

98 papers: 94 positive, 4 negative or no effect

93 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction

positive
plant height was highest in T11 (N3 with 0.2% borax foliar spray at 35DAS), at 53.60cm, versus 48.26 cm in T1 (N1).
Effects of different phosphorus levels and frequency of boron levels on growth and yield of greengram · 2017 · compared with N 1 (20:40:20 NPK)
Same directionCited by this paper
positive
2% TNAU pulse wonder sprayed by drone at 50 litres ha -1 gave higher plant height of green gram than manual spray and control
Feasibility of using drone for foliar spraying of nutrients in irrigated green gram (Vigna radiata L.) · 2022 · compared with manual spray and control
Same directionCites this paper
no effect
Mungbean growth did not differ significantly across Ge formulation, concentration, or application frequency.
Effects of Germanium(Ge) on Growth, Yield and Ge Content of Mungbean · 2007
Opposite direction

94 papers more in this group

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application · yield · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Positive and negative results

216 papers: 209 positive, 7 negative or no effect

208 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction

positive
number of branches plant -1 was highest in T11 (N3 with 0.2% borax foliar spray at 35DAS), at 6.76, versus 6.20 plant -1 in T1 (N1).
Effects of different phosphorus levels and frequency of boron levels on growth and yield of greengram · 2017 · compared with N 1 (20:40:20 NPK)
Same directionCited by this paper
positive
2% TNAU pulse wonder sprayed by drone at 50 litres ha -1 gave higher number of branches per plant than manual spray and control
Feasibility of using drone for foliar spraying of nutrients in irrigated green gram (Vigna radiata L.) · 2022 · compared with manual spray and control
Same directionCites this paper
no effect
Germination yield of mung bean seeds was not significantly affected by the hot water and chlorine decontamination.
Scale-Up Seed Decontamination Process to Inactivate Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Enteritidis on Mung Bean Seeds · 2009
Opposite direction

212 papers more in this group

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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.

Abstract

Claims 9

The same questions in other papers

zinc atom · growth · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results differ

zinc atom · yield · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results differ

zinc atom · symbiosis · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Positive and negative results

application · symbiosis · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Positive and negative results

application · growth · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Positive and negative results

application · yield · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Positive and negative results