Abstract
Well-planned crop rotations and targeted use of organic amendments are critical to success in organic wheat production. The impact of green manure (GMr) type, GMr termination timing, and “Acti-Sol” [pelletized dehydrated poultry manure (DPM); 5-2-3] on organic wheat productivity and quality was evaluated from 2014 to 2016 in Truro, NS, and Saint-Mathieu-de-Beloeil, QC. Crops prior to wheat were soybean or GMr of hairy vetch/oat (HVO), common vetch/oat (CVO), and red clover (RC) (NS site), and HVO, red clover/oat (RCO), and oat (QC site). Trials were split-split-plot designs with treatments of precrops, GMr termination (fall vs. spring), and DPM at 0, 40, 80, and 120 kg total N ha −1 . Wheat yields ranged from 1500 to 1800 kg ha −1 if unfertilized with DPM and following soybean or oat precrops. All legume GMrs (HVO, CVO, and RC/RCO) and DPM applications increased grain yield (2000–4200 kg ha −1 ) and protein content (13%–16%), wheat total N uptake [49–60 kg N ha −1 (QC); 87–125 kg N ha −1 (NS)] and soil mineral N content mid-season and postharvest, and responses were consistently greatest following HVO. Timing of GMr incorporation largely had no impact. Applying DPM at 80 kg N ha −1 was an effective substitute for a GMr precrop.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Unfertilized wheat following soybean or oat yielded 1500 to 1800 kg per hectare.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- unfertilized with DPMe0
- Outcome
- Wheat yieldse0
- Value
- 1500 to 1800 kg ha −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wheat yields ranged from 1500 to 1800 kg ha −1 if unfertilized with DPM and following soybean or oat precrops”
Claim · model-written summary
Legume green manures and DPM increased wheat grain yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- All legume GMrs (HVO, CVO, and RC/RCO) and DPM applicationse0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 2000–4200 kg ha −1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All legume GMrs (HVO, CVO, and RC/RCO) and DPM applications increased grain yield (2000–4200 kg ha −1 )”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Legume green manures and DPM increased wheat protein content.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- All legume GMrs (HVO, CVO, and RC/RCO) and DPM applicationse0
- Outcome
- protein contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 13%–16%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All legume GMrs (HVO, CVO, and RC/RCO) and DPM applications increased grain yield (2000–4200 kg ha −1 ) and protein content (13%–16%)”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Legume green manures and DPM increased wheat total nitrogen uptake.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- DPM applicationse0
- Outcome
- wheat total N uptakee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DPM applications increased grain yield (2000–4200 kg ha −1 ) and protein content (13%–16%), wheat total N uptake [49–60 kg N ha −1 (QC); 87–125 kg N ha −1 (NS)]”
Claim · model-written summary
Legume green manures and DPM increased soil mineral nitrogen content.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- DPM applicationse0
- Outcome
- soil mineral N contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DPM applications increased grain yield (2000–4200 kg ha −1 ) and protein content (13%–16%), wheat total N uptake [49–60 kg N ha −1 (QC); 87–125 kg N ha −1 (NS)] and soil mineral N content mid-season and postharvest”
Claim · model-written summary
Responses were greatest after hairy vetch and oat green manure.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- HVOe0
- Outcome
- responsese0
- Direction
- greateste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“responses were consistently greatest following HVO”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Green manure incorporation timing largely had no impact.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Timing of GMr incorporatione0
- Outcome
- impacte0
- Direction
- no impacte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Timing of GMr incorporation largely had no impact”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
DPM at 80 kg nitrogen per hectare effectively substituted for green manure precrop.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- DPM at 80 kg N ha −1e0
- Outcome
- effective substitutee0
- Comparator
- a GMr precrope0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applying DPM at 80 kg N ha −1 was an effective substitute for a GMr precrop”
t0“wheat”
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