Abstract
The regulation of plant growth and development under application of antigibberellin compounds is accompanied by changes in the donor-acceptor system that in turn affects the accumulation and redistribution of carbohydrates and nitrogen-containing compounds. We studied the influence of tebuconazole 0.025% (EW-250) and 0.05% and 0.07% esphon (2-CEPA) on growth processes, leaf apparatus and content of various carbohydrate forms and total nitrogen content in vegetative organs of tomato hybrids Bobkat and Solerosso. A field-based micro-trial setup was established from 2013 to 2017. The plants were treated via foliar spraying with aqueous solution of retardants at the time of initiation of budding. Phytometric measurements were determined every 10 days, the content of various carbohydrate forms and total nitrogen in organs of plants was determined by using biochemical methods in a fixed dry material (the content of sugars and starch – by iodometric method, and the total nitrogen content – by Kjeldahl). It was found that both retardants reduced the linear growth of tomato plants. The results indicate that 2-CEPA treatment significantly decreased the plant height of both hybrids. Application of drugs increased the number of leaves per plant. The leaf dry matter weight increased, the most significant effect was created by EW-250. The leaf area of the retardant-treated tomatoes hybrid Solerosso increased and decreased in the hybrid Bobcat. Application of antigibberellin compounds intensified the outflow of sugars and remobilization of starch in roots and stems of both tomato hybrids. The content of starch, reducing and non-reducing sugars in leaves of hybrid Solerosso was higher after EW-250 treatment. 2-CEPA increased the content of reducing form of sugars, and EW-250 increased non-reducing form in the hybrid Bobkat. EW-250 intensified the accumulation of carbohydrates in fruits due to reducing sugars in both tomato hybrids, whereas 2-CEPA reduced their content compared with control. Growth inhibitors increased the starch content in fruits at the beginning of vegetation and intensified its reutilization at the end. This process was most intensive was in variant of EW-250-treated plants regardless of hybrids. We proved that there was a clear tendency to decrease the ratio of sugar content to starch in almost all organs of both tomato hybrids during the growing season. The most significant was the reduction of this ratio after EW-250 treatment. At the fruitification phase, the proportion of starch in retardant-treated plants increased compared to the control. The increased accumulation of carbohydrates in tomato fruits treated with EW-250 caused an increase in the average weight of the fruit. We have found that the total nitrogen content in vegetative organs decreased in the control and in the experimental variant of both tomato hybrids during vegetation. EW-250 accelerated the outflow of total nitrogen from roots and stems and increased its content in leaves. This drug retarded the accumulation of this element in fruit. Such changes in the dynamics of total nitrogen under the influence of tebuconazole resulted in enhanced formation of fruit on tomato plants. We concluded that the antigibberellin compounds EW-250 and 2-CEPA due the action on growth processes and leaf apparatus of tomato plants, changed the character of donor-acceptor relation through an increase in outflow of plastic substances from vegetative organs to fruits, which optimized the crop production.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Both retardants reduced tomato linear growth, with 2-CEPA significantly reducing height.
- Taxon
- tomato plants
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- both retardantse0
- Outcome
- linear growthe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both retardants reduced the linear growth of tomato plants. The results indicate that 2-CEPA treatment significantly decreased the plant height of both hybrids.”
Claim · model-written summary
Retardants increased leaf number per plant.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- drugse0
- Outcome
- number of leaves per plante0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of drugs increased the number of leaves per plant.”
t0“tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
Retardants increased leaf dry matter weight, most with EW-250.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- EW-250e0
- Outcome
- leaf dry matter weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The leaf dry matter weight increased, the most significant effect was created by EW-250.”
t0“tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
Retardants increased Solerosso leaf area.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
- Material
- Solerossoe0
- Treatment
- retardant-treatede0
- Outcome
- leaf areae0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The leaf area of the retardant-treated tomatoes hybrid Solerosso increased and decreased in the hybrid Bobcat.”
Claim · model-written summary
Retardants decreased Bobcat leaf area.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
- Material
- Bobcate0
- Treatment
- retardant-treatede0
- Outcome
- leaf areae0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The leaf area of the retardant-treated tomatoes hybrid Solerosso increased and decreased in the hybrid Bobcat.”
Claim · model-written summary
Antigibberellin compounds intensified sugar outflow and starch remobilization in roots and stems.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- roots and stemse0
- Treatment
- antigibberellin compoundse0
- Outcome
- outflow of sugars and remobilization of starche0
- Direction
- intensifiede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of antigibberellin compounds intensified the outflow of sugars and remobilization of starch in roots and stems of both tomato hybrids.”
Claim · model-written summary
EW-250 increased leaf starch and reducing and non-reducing sugars in Solerosso.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- Solerossoe0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- EW-250 treatmente0
- Outcome
- content of starch, reducing and non-reducing sugarse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The content of starch, reducing and non-reducing sugars in leaves of hybrid Solerosso was higher after EW-250 treatment.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
2-CEPA increased reducing sugars in Bobkat.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- Bobkate0
- Treatment
- 2-CEPAe0
- Outcome
- content of reducing form of sugarse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“2-CEPA increased the content of reducing form of sugars, and EW-250 increased non-reducing form in the hybrid Bobkat.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
EW-250 increased non-reducing sugars in Bobkat.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- Bobkate0
- Treatment
- EW-250e0
- Outcome
- non-reducing forme0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“2-CEPA increased the content of reducing form of sugars, and EW-250 increased non-reducing form in the hybrid Bobkat.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
EW-250 increased fruit reducing sugars in both hybrids.
- Taxon
- tomato hybridse0
- Treatment
- EW-250e0
- Outcome
- accumulation of carbohydrates in fruits due to reducing sugarse0
- Direction
- intensifiede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“EW-250 intensified the accumulation of carbohydrates in fruits due to reducing sugars in both tomato hybrids, whereas 2-CEPA reduced their content compared with control.”
Claim · model-written summary
2-CEPA reduced fruit carbohydrate content compared with control.
Verbatim
e0“EW-250 intensified the accumulation of carbohydrates in fruits due to reducing sugars in both tomato hybrids, whereas 2-CEPA reduced their content compared with control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth inhibitors raised early fruit starch and intensified late reutilization.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Growth inhibitorse0
- Outcome
- starch content in fruitse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- at the beginning of vegetatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth inhibitors increased the starch content in fruits at the beginning of vegetation and intensified its reutilization at the end.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
The sugar-to-starch ratio tended to decrease through the growing season, especially after EW-250.
Verbatim
e0“there was a clear tendency to decrease the ratio of sugar content to starch in almost all organs of both tomato hybrids during the growing season. The most significant was the reduction of this ratio after EW-250 treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Retardant-treated plants had a higher starch proportion at fruitification than controls.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- retardant-treatede0
- Outcome
- proportion of starche0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- At the fruitification phasee0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the fruitification phase, the proportion of starch in retardant-treated plants increased compared to the control.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
EW-250 increased average fruit weight.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- EW-250e0
- Outcome
- average weight of the fruite0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increased accumulation of carbohydrates in tomato fruits treated with EW-250 caused an increase in the average weight of the fruit.”
Claim · model-written summary
Total nitrogen in vegetative organs fell during vegetation in control and treated plants.
Verbatim
e0“the total nitrogen content in vegetative organs decreased in the control and in the experimental variant of both tomato hybrids during vegetation.”
Claim · model-written summary
EW-250 accelerated nitrogen outflow from roots and stems.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- roots and stemse0
- Treatment
- EW-250e0
- Outcome
- outflow of total nitrogene0
- Direction
- acceleratede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“EW-250 accelerated the outflow of total nitrogen from roots and stems and increased its content in leaves.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
EW-250 increased leaf nitrogen.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- EW-250e0
- Outcome
- total nitrogene0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“EW-250 accelerated the outflow of total nitrogen from roots and stems and increased its content in leaves.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
EW-250 retarded fruit nitrogen accumulation.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- This druge0
- Outcome
- accumulation of this element in fruite0
- Direction
- retardede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This drug retarded the accumulation of this element in fruit.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Tebuconazole enhanced fruit formation in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomato plantsSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- tebuconazolee0
- Outcome
- formation of fruite0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Such changes in the dynamics of total nitrogen under the influence of tebuconazole resulted in enhanced formation of fruit on tomato plants.”
The same questions in other papers
(2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid · quality: sugar starch · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results differ
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
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1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
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See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.