Abstract
An experiment taking tomato fruits (cv. BARI Tomato-14) of three maturity stages (mature green stage, breaker stage and half ripen stage) and four ethephon levels [control (distilled water spray), 500, 750 and 1000 ppm] was carried out at the laboratory of plant physiology section of Horticulture research centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute) during February 14, 2013 to February 27, 2012 to find out the suitable stage of fruit maturity for post harvest application of ethephon (ethrel) for tomato ripening. The source of ethrel was Spectrum (ethephon 39%) manufactured in the United States of America. Treatment with 500 - 1000 ppm ethephon hastened ripening of tomato by 4 days in mature green stage but by 2 and 4 days in breaker stage tomatoes when compared with control fruits. The highest value of rotting was shown by half ripen tomatoes. The 1000 ppm ethrel gave the maximum rotting irrespective of maturity stages. However, the maximum weight loss and shelf life were found in green mature tomatoes. The shelf life of tomato fruits of green mature and breaker stage tomatoes treated with 500 and 750 ppm was also high. The percentage of rotting and weight loss was increased with gradual advancement of time. The highest value of weight loss and shelf life was recorded in green mature tomatoes without ethephon and with 500 and 750 ppm ethephon treatment. The highest value of vitamin-C, TSS and titrable acidity were shown by half ripen and pH by green mature tomatoes at different days of storage. The ethephon concentration of 750 ppm the gave maximum vitamin-C at 6 and 9 days of storage but 1000 ppm gave the maximum TSS% followed by 750 ppm ethephon. The ethephon @ 750 ppm produced the maximum TSS at 9 day of storage in mature green tomatoes but in breaker and half ripen stage tomatoes 750 ppm ethephon gave TSS identical to 1000 ppm at different days of storage. The residue level of ethrel in tomato fruits treated with all ethephon concentrations at 3 and 5 days of storage was below 2 mg/kg which is safe for human health. Therefore, treated tomatoes should be consumed after 3 days of ethephon application.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 40(4): 567-580, December 2015
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon hastened ripening of mature green tomato by four days.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Organ / stage
- mature green stagee0
- Treatment
- 500 - 1000 ppm ethephone0
- Outcome
- ripeninge0
- Direction
- hastenede0
- Value
- 4 dayse0
- Comparator
- control fruitse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment with 500 - 1000 ppm ethephon hastened ripening of tomato by 4 days in mature green stage but by 2 and 4 days in breaker stage tomatoes when compared with control fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon hastened breaker-stage tomato ripening by two or four days.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- breaker stagee0
- Treatment
- 500 - 1000 ppm ethephone0
- Outcome
- ripeninge0
- Direction
- hastenede0
- Value
- 2 and 4 dayse0
- Comparator
- control fruitse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment with 500 - 1000 ppm ethephon hastened ripening of tomato by 4 days in mature green stage but by 2 and 4 days in breaker stage tomatoes when compared with control fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
Half-ripen tomatoes had the highest rotting.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- half ripene0
- Outcome
- rottinge0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest value of rotting was shown by half ripen tomatoes.”
Claim · model-written summary
The 1000 ppm ethrel treatment gave maximum rotting.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 1000 ppm ethrele0
- Outcome
- rottinge0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The 1000 ppm ethrel gave the maximum rotting irrespective of maturity stages.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Green mature tomatoes had maximum weight loss and shelf life.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- green maturee0
- Outcome
- weight loss and shelf lifee0
- Direction
- maximume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, the maximum weight loss and shelf life were found in green mature tomatoes.”
Claim · model-written summary
Green mature and breaker tomatoes treated with 500 and 750 ppm had high shelf life.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- green mature and breaker stagee0
- Treatment
- 500 and 750 ppme0
- Outcome
- shelf lifee0
- Direction
- highe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The shelf life of tomato fruits of green mature and breaker stage tomatoes treated with 500 and 750 ppm was also high.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rotting increased over storage time.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- rottinge0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- timee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The percentage of rotting and weight loss was increased with gradual advancement of time.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Weight loss increased over storage time.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- weight losse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- timee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The percentage of rotting and weight loss was increased with gradual advancement of time.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Half-ripen tomatoes had the highest vitamin C, TSS, and titrable acidity.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- half ripene0
- Outcome
- vitamin-C, TSS and titrable aciditye0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest value of vitamin-C, TSS and titrable acidity were shown by half ripen and pH by green mature tomatoes at different days of storage.”
Claim · model-written summary
Green mature tomatoes had the highest pH.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- green maturee0
- Outcome
- pHe0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest value of vitamin-C, TSS and titrable acidity were shown by half ripen and pH by green mature tomatoes at different days of storage.”
Claim · model-written summary
At six and nine days, 750 ppm ethephon gave maximum vitamin C.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- ethephon concentration of 750 ppme0
- Outcome
- vitamin-Ce0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Qualifier
- 6 and 9 days of storagee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The ethephon concentration of 750 ppm the gave maximum vitamin-C at 6 and 9 days of storage but 1000 ppm gave the maximum TSS% followed by 750 ppm ethephon.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
The 1000 ppm ethephon treatment gave maximum TSS.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 1000 ppme0
- Outcome
- TSS%e0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Comparator
- 750 ppm ethephone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The ethephon concentration of 750 ppm the gave maximum vitamin-C at 6 and 9 days of storage but 1000 ppm gave the maximum TSS% followed by 750 ppm ethephon.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
At nine days, 750 ppm ethephon gave maximum TSS in mature green tomatoes.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- mature greene0
- Treatment
- ethephon @ 750 ppme0
- Outcome
- TSSe0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Qualifier
- 9 day of storagee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The ethephon @ 750 ppm produced the maximum TSS at 9 day of storage in mature green tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
At breaker and half-ripen stages, 750 ppm gave TSS identical to 1000 ppm.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- breaker and half ripen stagee0
- Treatment
- 750 ppm ethephone0
- Outcome
- TSSe0
- Direction
- identicale0
- Comparator
- 1000 ppme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in breaker and half ripen stage tomatoes 750 ppm ethephon gave TSS identical to 1000 ppm at different days of storage”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethrel residue was below 2 mg/kg at three and five days for all concentrations.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- all ethephon concentrationse0
- Outcome
- residue level of ethrele0
- Value
- below 2 mg/kge0
- Qualifier
- 3 and 5 days of storagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The residue level of ethrel in tomato fruits treated with all ethephon concentrations at 3 and 5 days of storage was below 2 mg/kg”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend consuming treated tomatoes after three days.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
- Outcome
- consumed after 3 days of ethephon applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Therefore, treated tomatoes should be consumed after 3 days of ethephon application.”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.