Abstract
The hypothesis that application of starter nitrogen (N) fertilizer to cowpea may increase grain and fodder yields and profitability was tested in the Guinea and Sudan savanna zones of northern Ghana. Two cowpea varieties (Apagbaala: grain-type and Padi-Tuya: dual purpose) and three N fertilizer rates (0-30-30, 15-30-30 and 30-30-30 N-P2O5-K2O kg/ha) were evaluated using a 2 × 3 factorial treatments arrangement in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Grain and fodder yields, 100 seed weight (SW) and net return of Padi-Tuya increased significantly compared with Apagbaala in both zones. Application of starter N fertilizer increased grain yield, fodder yield, N use efficiency (NUE) and net return by more than 30% compared with the control in both zones. Padi-Tuya cowpea with 15 kg/ha N fertilizer was risk efficient at all risk aversion levels when only grain was considered, but Padi-Tuya with 30 kg/ha N fertilizer becomes the most risk efficient option when the value of fodder was included. The results suggest that small-scale farmers could apply starter N fertilizer at either 15 kg/ha N for grain only or 30 kg/ha N for both grain and fodder yields improvement of cowpea in West Africa and similar ecologies.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Padi-Tuya had significantly higher grain and fodder yields than Apagbaala in both zones.
- Taxon
- cowpea
Vigna unguiculatae1 - Material
- Padi-Tuyae0
- Treatment
- Padi-Tuyae0
- Outcome
- Grain and fodder yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- Apagbaalae0
- Setting
- both zonese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain and fodder yields, 100 seed weight (SW) and net return of Padi-Tuya increased significantly compared with Apagbaala in both zones.”
e1“cowpea varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Padi-Tuya had significantly greater 100 seed weight than Apagbaala.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae1
- Treatment
- Padi-Tuyae0
- Outcome
- 100 seed weight (SW)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- Apagbaalae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“100 seed weight (SW) and net return of Padi-Tuya increased significantly compared with Apagbaala in both zones.”
e1“cowpea varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Padi-Tuya had significantly greater net return than Apagbaala.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae1
- Treatment
- Padi-Tuyae0
- Outcome
- net returne0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- Apagbaalae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“net return of Padi-Tuya increased significantly compared with Apagbaala in both zones.”
e1“cowpea varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Starter nitrogen increased grain yield by over 30% versus control.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae1
- Treatment
- starter N fertilizere0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- more than 30%e0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of starter N fertilizer increased grain yield, fodder yield, N use efficiency (NUE) and net return by more than 30% compared with the control in both zones.”
e1“fertilizer to cowpea may increase grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Starter nitrogen increased fodder yield by over 30% versus control.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae1
- Treatment
- starter N fertilizere0
- Outcome
- fodder yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- more than 30%e0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of starter N fertilizer increased grain yield, fodder yield, N use efficiency (NUE) and net return by more than 30% compared with the control in both zones.”
e1“fertilizer to cowpea may increase grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Starter nitrogen increased nitrogen-use efficiency by over 30% versus control.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae1
- Treatment
- starter N fertilizere0
- Outcome
- N use efficiency (NUE)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- more than 30%e0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of starter N fertilizer increased grain yield, fodder yield, N use efficiency (NUE) and net return by more than 30% compared with the control in both zones.”
e1“fertilizer to cowpea may increase grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Starter nitrogen increased net return by over 30% versus control.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae1
- Treatment
- starter N fertilizere0
- Outcome
- net returne0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- more than 30%e0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of starter N fertilizer increased grain yield, fodder yield, N use efficiency (NUE) and net return by more than 30% compared with the control in both zones.”
e1“fertilizer to cowpea may increase grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Padi-Tuya with 15 kg/ha nitrogen was risk efficient when only grain was valued.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Material
- Padi-Tuyae0
- Treatment
- 15 kg/ha N fertilizere0
- Outcome
- risk efficiente0
- Qualifier
- only grain was considerede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Padi-Tuya cowpea with 15 kg/ha N fertilizer was risk efficient at all risk aversion levels when only grain was considered”
Claim · model-written summary
Padi-Tuya with 30 kg/ha nitrogen was most risk efficient when fodder value was included.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae1
- Material
- Padi-Tuyae0
- Treatment
- 30 kg/ha N fertilizere0
- Outcome
- most risk efficient optione0
- Qualifier
- value of fodder was includede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Padi-Tuya with 30 kg/ha N fertilizer becomes the most risk efficient option when the value of fodder was included”
e1“Two cowpea varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors recommend 15 kg/ha starter nitrogen for grain-only cowpea production.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae1
- Outcome
- 15 kg/ha N for grain onlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“farmers could apply starter N fertilizer at either 15 kg/ha N for grain only”
e1“cowpea in West Africa”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors recommend 30 kg/ha starter nitrogen for grain and fodder cowpea production.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Outcome
- 30 kg/ha N for both grain and fodder yields improvemente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“30 kg/ha N for both grain and fodder yields improvement of cowpea in West Africa”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results
274 papers in the same direction as this paper · 15 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- positive
288 papers more in this group
See all 292 papers →fertilization · nutrient: efficiency · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.