Abstract
Double cropping of forages can increase yield per hectare and reduce nutrient loss. Early planting and N addition can impact triticale forage if no spring N is applied. Spring N management is critical for optimal triticale yield and forage quality. Including triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack) in forage rotations can provide economic and environmental benefits if optimally managed. We determined the impact of planting date, fall N availability, and spring N application on triticale dry matter (DM) forage yield and crude protein (CP) content. Three trials were conducted in New York from 2012 to 2014, each with two planting dates, five fall N rates (0, 34, 67, 101, 135 kg N ha −1 ), and five spring N rates (0, 34, 67, 101, 135 kg N ha −1 ) using a randomized complete block split‐split‐plot design in four replications. Plants were sampled for biomass in November before frost and harvested in May at flag‐leaf stage. Across sites, a small amount of fall N (34 kg N ha −1 ) increased spring yield in the zero‐N plots from 1.9 to 3.7 Mg DM ha −1 when seeded by 20 September. For later seedings, fall N did not benefit yield (2.7 Mg DM ha −1 average yield). Forage CP was 10.7% of DM when 135 kg N ha −1 was fall‐applied to sites planted by 20 September, versus 9.4% averaged across all other N rates and planting dates. While earlier planting increased spring yields, the most economic rate of N (MERN) and yield at the MERN in the spring were not impacted by fall N or planting date. Planting after 20 September increased CP at the MERN by about 1%. While fall management had some influence on spring performance, spring N management was most critical for achieving optimal yield and quality.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Fall nitrogen at 34 kg N ha −1 increased spring yield in zero spring nitrogen plots from 1.9 to 3.7 Mg DM ha −1 when seeded by 20 September.
- Taxon
- Triticale
×Triticosecalet0 - Treatment
- fall N (34 kg N ha −1 )e0
- Outcome
- spring yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 3.7 Mg DM ha −1e0
- Qualifier
- from 1.9 to 3.7 Mg DM ha −1 when seeded by 20 Septembere0
- Comparator
- zero‐N plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a small amount of fall N (34 kg N ha −1 ) increased spring yield in the zero‐N plots from 1.9 to 3.7 Mg DM ha −1 when seeded by 20 September”
t0“Triticale”
Claim · model-written summary
Fall nitrogen did not benefit yield for later seedings, whose average yield was 2.7 Mg DM ha −1.
- Taxon
- Triticale×Triticosecalet0
- Treatment
- fall Ne0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- did not benefite0
- Value
- 2.7 Mg DM ha −1e0
- Qualifier
- later seedingse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For later seedings, fall N did not benefit yield (2.7 Mg DM ha −1 average yield).”
t0“Triticale”
Claim · model-written summary
Fall application of 135 kg N ha −1 at early planted sites yielded forage CP of 10.7% of DM, versus 9.4% across other rates and dates.
- Taxon
- Triticale×Triticosecalet0
- Treatment
- 135 kg N ha −1e0
- Outcome
- Forage CPe0
- Direction
- higherinferrede0
- Value
- 10.7% of DMe0
- Qualifier
- 9.4%e0
- Comparator
- all other N rates and planting datese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Forage CP was 10.7% of DM when 135 kg N ha −1 was fall‐applied to sites planted by 20 September, versus 9.4% averaged across all other N rates and planting dates.”
t0“Triticale”
Claim · model-written summary
Earlier planting increased spring yields.
- Taxon
- Triticale×Triticosecalet0
- Treatment
- earlier plantinge0
- Outcome
- spring yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“earlier planting increased spring yields”
t0“Triticale”
Claim · model-written summary
Fall nitrogen and planting date did not affect the most economic spring nitrogen rate.
- Taxon
- Triticale×Triticosecalet0
- Treatment
- fall N or planting datee0
- Outcome
- most economic rate of N (MERN)e0
- Direction
- not impactede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the most economic rate of N (MERN) and yield at the MERN in the spring were not impacted by fall N or planting date”
t0“Triticale”
Claim · model-written summary
Fall nitrogen and planting date did not affect yield at the most economic spring nitrogen rate.
- Taxon
- Triticale×Triticosecalet0
- Treatment
- fall N or planting datee0
- Outcome
- yield at the MERN in the springe0
- Direction
- not impactede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the most economic rate of N (MERN) and yield at the MERN in the spring were not impacted by fall N or planting date”
t0“Triticale”
Claim · model-written summary
Planting after 20 September increased crude protein at MERN by about 1%.
- Taxon
- Triticale×Triticosecalet0
- Treatment
- Planting after 20 Septembere0
- Outcome
- CP at the MERNe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- about 1%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Planting after 20 September increased CP at the MERN by about 1%”
t0“Triticale”
Claim · model-written summary
Spring nitrogen management was most critical for optimal yield and quality.
- Taxon
- Triticale×Triticosecalet0
- Outcome
- spring N management was most critical for achieving optimal yield and qualitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“spring N management was most critical for achieving optimal yield and quality”
t0“Triticale”
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