Abstract
Core Ideas Effective use of water and N improved biomass and nutrient use efficiency of sorghum. Sorghum applied with N and 100% irrigation had the greatest biomass. Sorghum with 85 kg N ha –1 and 100% irrigation had the greatest nutrient use efficiency. Poor rainfall distribution and poor soil fertility in the humid coastal plain region may affect grain crop production. Nitrogen insufficiency and water stress can both reduce crop yield, but little information is available on whether supplemental irrigation (SI) and N fertilization can alleviate both water stress and nutrient deficiency in humid regions. A field sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] study was conducted under a variable‐rate center pivot. The objective of our study was to determine the combined effects of N fertilization (0, 85, and 170 kg N ha −1 ) and SI (0, 50, and 100% of the full irrigation rate) on aboveground biomass (AB), nitrogen uptake (NU), and nitrogen‐use efficiency (NUE) of two varieties (VAR) of grain sorghum in coastal plain region of the United States. Aboveground biomass and NU varied with SI ( p ≤ 0.001) and levels of N ( p ≤ 0.001). In irrigated treatments, the rates of 85 and 170 kg N ha −1 resulted in significantly higher AB, NU, and NUE. Averaged across years, VAR, N and SI, grain sorghum applied with 170 kg N ha −1 and 100% SI had the greatest AB of 3997 kg ha −1 . Sorghum with 85 and 170 kg N ha −1 and 100% SI treatment had the greatest NUE of 60.5 and 57.1%, respectively. Our results support our hypothesis that negative impacts of water stress and nutrient deficiency could be mitigated by SI and N fertilization. Effective water use in irrigation and maintaining a sufficient amount of N will improve the AB, NU, and NUE of grain sorghum.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Biomass and nitrogen uptake varied significantly with irrigation.
SorghumNot reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Aboveground biomass and NU varied with SI ( p ≤ 0.001)”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Biomass and nitrogen uptake varied significantly with N level.
- Treatment
- levels of Ne0
Not reportedComparatorOutcomeDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“levels of N ( p ≤ 0.001)”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Under irrigation, 85 kg N per hectare increased biomass, N uptake and N use efficiency.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In irrigated treatments, the rates of 85 and 170 kg N ha −1 resulted in significantly higher AB, NU, and NUE.”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
The 170 kg N per hectare and full irrigation treatment had greatest aboveground biomass, 3997 kg per hectare.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain sorghum applied with 170 kg N ha −1 and 100% SI had the greatest AB of 3997 kg ha −1”
Claim · model-written summary
At full irrigation, 85 kg N per hectare produced greatest N use efficiency of 60.5%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sorghum with 85 and 170 kg N ha −1 and 100% SI treatment had the greatest NUE of 60.5 and 57.1%”
Claim · model-written summary
At full irrigation, 170 kg N per hectare produced greatest N use efficiency of 57.1%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sorghum with 85 and 170 kg N ha −1 and 100% SI treatment had the greatest NUE of 60.5 and 57.1%”
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