Abstract
Two field experiments were conducted at the Agricultural Experimental Station, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt during 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 seasons to study the agro-economic effect of three nitrogen fertilization rates (60, 80 and 100 kg N/fed), three cropping systems (sugar beet sole, sugar beet + canola and sugar beet + onion) and four multi-germ sugar beet varieties (Farida, Carola, Gloria and Demapoly). The experimental design was a split- split plot in randomized complete block arrangement with three replications. Results revealed that increased N rates, from 60 to 100 kg fed-1 and Growing sugar beet as a sole crop significantly increased root weight, root yield and sugar yield in both seasons. Sugar beet variety Carola was superior in root weight, root yield and sugar yield followed by the variety Farida in both seasons. The main effects of nitrogen, cropping systems and varieties had no significant effect on root quality traits in terms of total soluble solids%, sucrose%, purity% and extractable sucrose% during the two seasons. The highest significant values of mean root weight (1.019 and 1.109 kg), root number (28.69 and 28.21 thousand plants/fed), root yield (29.35 and 31.47 ton/fed) and sugar yield (3.72 and 3.75 ton/fed) resulted from fertilized sugar beet sole plants with 100 kg N/feddan in the 1st and 2nd seasons, respectively. Irrespective of cropping systems, fertilized sugar beet varieties Farida and Carola plants with 100 kg N/ feddan gave the highest mean values of root weight, root yield and sugar yield during the two seasons. The interaction of cropping systems x varieties had a significant effect on mean root weight, root number, root yield and sugar yield during the two seasons. Among the tested varieties, sole planting of Carola had maximum beet root weight (0.953 and 1.043 kg), beet root yield (28.65 and 31.07 ton/fed) and sugar yield (3.69 and 3.74 ton/fed.) in the 1st and 2nd seasons, respectively, followed by Farida when planted as a sole crop. The highest and significant root and sugar yields were obtained from the sugar beet variety Carola when planted as a sole crop and fertilized with 100 kg N/feddan during the two seasons. It was observed that irrespective of sugar beet varieties and cropping systems, the highest cost of production and gross revenue were recorded when plants received 100 kg N/feddan. The cost of sugar beet (sole) production was LE. 5350 fed-1 against the production costs of LE. 5650 and 6950 fed-1 when sugar beet was intercropped with canola and onion, respectively. The highest gross revenue (19002 and 17650 LE/fed) resulted from intercropping sugar beet varieties Carola and Gloria, respectively with onion under 100 kg N/feddan. The maximum net returns was obtained under combination of sugar beet variety Carola + onion (12052 LE/ fed), followed by sugar beet variety Gloria + onion (10700 LE/fed) when plants fertilized with 100 kg N/feddan. The maximum cost benefit ratios of 1.73 and 1.54 were obtained with nitrogen rate of 100 kg/feddan under combination of sugar beet variety Carola + onion and sugar beet variety Gloria + onion, respectively. The results showed that for obtaining higher net returns from the unit area, preference may be given to intercrop sugar beet variety Carola with onion and fertilized plants with 100 kg N feddan-1.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Increased N rates from 60 to 100 kg fed-1 significantly increased sugar beet root weight, root yield and sugar yield.
- Taxon
- SUGAR BEET
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0 - Treatment
- from 60 to 100 kg fed-1e1
- Outcome
- root weight, root yield and sugar yielde1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“SUGAR BEET VARIETIES”
e1“increased N rates, from 60 to 100 kg fed-1 and Growing sugar beet as a sole crop significantly increased root weight, root yield and sugar yield in both seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Growing sugar beet as a sole crop significantly increased root weight, root yield and sugar yield.
- Taxon
- SUGAR BEETBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Growing sugar beet as a sole crope1
- Outcome
- root weight, root yield and sugar yielde1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“SUGAR BEET VARIETIES”
e1“increased N rates, from 60 to 100 kg fed-1 and Growing sugar beet as a sole crop significantly increased root weight, root yield and sugar yield in both seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen, cropping system and variety main effects had no significant effect on sugar beet root quality traits.
- Taxon
- SUGAR BEETBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- main effects of nitrogen, cropping systems and varietiese2
- Outcome
- root quality traitse2
- Direction
- no significant effecte2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“SUGAR BEET VARIETIES”
e2“The main effects of nitrogen, cropping systems and varieties had no significant effect on root quality traits in terms of total soluble solids%, sucrose%, purity% and extractable sucrose% during the two seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilized sole sugar beet plants with 100 kg N/feddan gave the highest mean root weight, 1.019 and 1.109 kg in the two seasons.
- Taxon
- SUGAR BEETBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- fertilized sugar beet sole plants with 100 kg N/feddane3
- Outcome
- mean root weighte3
- Direction
- higheste3
- Value
- 1.019 and 1.109 kge3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“SUGAR BEET VARIETIES”
e3“The highest significant values of mean root weight (1.019 and 1.109 kg), root number (28.69 and 28.21 thousand plants/fed), root yield (29.35 and 31.47 ton/fed) and sugar yield (3.72 and 3.75 ton/fed) resulted from fertilized sugar beet sole plants with 100 kg N/feddan in the 1st and 2nd seasons, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilized sole sugar beet plants with 100 kg N/feddan gave the highest root number, 28.69 and 28.21 thousand plants/fed.
- Taxon
- SUGAR BEETBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- fertilized sugar beet sole plants with 100 kg N/feddane3
- Outcome
- root numbere3
- Direction
- higheste3
- Value
- 28.69 and 28.21 thousand plants/fede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“SUGAR BEET VARIETIES”
e3“The highest significant values of mean root weight (1.019 and 1.109 kg), root number (28.69 and 28.21 thousand plants/fed), root yield (29.35 and 31.47 ton/fed) and sugar yield (3.72 and 3.75 ton/fed) resulted from fertilized sugar beet sole plants with 100 kg N/feddan in the 1st and 2nd seasons, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilized sole sugar beet plants with 100 kg N/feddan gave the highest root yield, 29.35 and 31.47 ton/fed.
- Taxon
- SUGAR BEETBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- fertilized sugar beet sole plants with 100 kg N/feddane3
- Outcome
- root yielde3
- Direction
- higheste3
- Value
- 29.35 and 31.47 ton/fede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“SUGAR BEET VARIETIES”
e3“The highest significant values of mean root weight (1.019 and 1.109 kg), root number (28.69 and 28.21 thousand plants/fed), root yield (29.35 and 31.47 ton/fed) and sugar yield (3.72 and 3.75 ton/fed) resulted from fertilized sugar beet sole plants with 100 kg N/feddan in the 1st and 2nd seasons, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilized sole sugar beet plants with 100 kg N/feddan gave the highest sugar yield, 3.72 and 3.75 ton/fed.
- Taxon
- SUGAR BEETBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- fertilized sugar beet sole plants with 100 kg N/feddane3
- Outcome
- sugar yielde3
- Direction
- higheste3
- Value
- 3.72 and 3.75 ton/fede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“SUGAR BEET VARIETIES”
e3“The highest significant values of mean root weight (1.019 and 1.109 kg), root number (28.69 and 28.21 thousand plants/fed), root yield (29.35 and 31.47 ton/fed) and sugar yield (3.72 and 3.75 ton/fed) resulted from fertilized sugar beet sole plants with 100 kg N/feddan in the 1st and 2nd seasons, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The cropping system by variety interaction had a significant effect on mean root weight, root number, root yield and sugar yield.
- Taxon
- SUGAR BEETBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- cropping systems x varietiese4
- Outcome
- mean root weight, root number, root yield and sugar yielde4
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“SUGAR BEET VARIETIES”
e4“The interaction of cropping systems x varieties had a significant effect on mean root weight, root number, root yield and sugar yield during the two seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Sole planting of Carola gave maximum beet root weight, 0.953 and 1.043 kg, among the tested varieties.
- Taxon
- SUGAR BEETBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Material
- Carolae5
- Treatment
- sole plantinge5
- Outcome
- beet root weighte5
- Direction
- maximume5
- Value
- 0.953 and 1.043 kge5
- Comparator
- the tested varietiese5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“SUGAR BEET VARIETIES”
e5“Among the tested varieties, sole planting of Carola had maximum beet root weight (0.953 and 1.043 kg), beet root yield (28.65 and 31.07 ton/fed) and sugar yield (3.69 and 3.74 ton/fed.) in the 1st and 2nd seasons, respectively, followed by Farida when planted as a sole crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Sole planting of Carola gave maximum beet root yield, 28.65 and 31.07 ton/fed, among the tested varieties.
- Taxon
- SUGAR BEETBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Material
- Carolae5
- Treatment
- sole plantinge5
- Outcome
- beet root yielde5
- Direction
- maximume5
- Value
- 28.65 and 31.07 ton/fede5
- Comparator
- the tested varietiese5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“SUGAR BEET VARIETIES”
e5“Among the tested varieties, sole planting of Carola had maximum beet root weight (0.953 and 1.043 kg), beet root yield (28.65 and 31.07 ton/fed) and sugar yield (3.69 and 3.74 ton/fed.) in the 1st and 2nd seasons, respectively, followed by Farida when planted as a sole crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Sole planting of Carola gave maximum sugar yield, 3.69 and 3.74 ton/fed, among the tested varieties.
- Taxon
- SUGAR BEETBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Material
- Carolae5
- Treatment
- sole plantinge5
- Outcome
- sugar yielde5
- Direction
- maximume5
- Value
- 3.69 and 3.74 ton/fede5
- Comparator
- the tested varietiese5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“SUGAR BEET VARIETIES”
e5“Among the tested varieties, sole planting of Carola had maximum beet root weight (0.953 and 1.043 kg), beet root yield (28.65 and 31.07 ton/fed) and sugar yield (3.69 and 3.74 ton/fed.) in the 1st and 2nd seasons, respectively, followed by Farida when planted as a sole crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilization with 100 kg N/feddan gave the highest cost of production and gross revenue.
- Taxon
- SUGAR BEETBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- 100 kg N/feddane6
- Outcome
- cost of production and gross revenuee6
- Direction
- higheste6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“SUGAR BEET VARIETIES”
e6“It was observed that irrespective of sugar beet varieties and cropping systems, the highest cost of production and gross revenue were recorded when plants received 100 kg N/feddan”
Claim · model-written summary
Sugar beet sole production cost was LE. 5350 per feddan.
- Taxon
- SUGAR BEETBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Outcome
- cost of sugar beet (sole) productione7
- Value
- LE. 5350 fed-1e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“SUGAR BEET VARIETIES”
e7“The cost of sugar beet (sole) production was LE. 5350 fed-1 against the production costs of LE. 5650 and 6950 fed-1 when sugar beet was intercropped with canola and onion, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping sugar beet with canola and onion raised production costs to LE. 5650 and 6950 per feddan.
- Taxon
- SUGAR BEETBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- intercropped with canola and onione7
- Outcome
- production costse7
- Direction
- higherinferrede7
- Value
- LE. 5650 and 6950 fed-1e7
- Comparator
- sugar beet (sole)e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“SUGAR BEET VARIETIES”
e7“The cost of sugar beet (sole) production was LE. 5350 fed-1 against the production costs of LE. 5650 and 6950 fed-1 when sugar beet was intercropped with canola and onion, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping sugar beet varieties Carola and Gloria with onion gave the highest gross revenue, 19002 and 17650 LE/fed.
- Taxon
- SUGAR BEETBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Material
- Carola and Gloriae0
- Treatment
- intercropping sugar beet varieties Carola and Gloria, respectively with onione0
- Outcome
- gross revenuee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 19002 and 17650 LE/fede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“SUGAR BEET VARIETIES”
e0“The highest gross revenue (19002 and 17650 LE/fed) resulted from intercropping sugar beet varieties Carola and Gloria, respectively with onion under 100 kg N/feddan”
Claim · model-written summary
Carola with onion under 100 kg N/feddan gave the maximum net returns, 12052 LE/fed.
- Taxon
- SUGAR BEETBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- combination of sugar beet variety Carola + onione1
- Outcome
- net returnse1
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 12052 LE/ fede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“SUGAR BEET VARIETIES”
e1“The maximum net returns was obtained under combination of sugar beet variety Carola + onion (12052 LE/ fed), followed by sugar beet variety Gloria + onion (10700 LE/fed) when plants fertilized with 100 kg N/feddan”
Claim · model-written summary
Gloria with onion under 100 kg N/feddan gave lower net returns, 10700 LE/fed, than Carola with onion.
- Taxon
- SUGAR BEETBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- sugar beet variety Gloria + onione1
- Outcome
- net returnse1
- Direction
- lowerinferrede1
- Value
- 10700 LE/fede1
- Comparator
- combination of sugar beet variety Carola + onione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“SUGAR BEET VARIETIES”
e1“The maximum net returns was obtained under combination of sugar beet variety Carola + onion (12052 LE/ fed), followed by sugar beet variety Gloria + onion (10700 LE/fed) when plants fertilized with 100 kg N/feddan”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen at 100 kg/feddan with Carola and onion gave the maximum cost benefit ratio, 1.73.
- Taxon
- SUGAR BEETBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Material
- sugar beet variety Carola + onione2
- Treatment
- nitrogen rate of 100 kg/feddane2
- Outcome
- cost benefit ratiose2
- Direction
- maximume2
- Value
- 1.73e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“SUGAR BEET VARIETIES”
e2“The maximum cost benefit ratios of 1.73 and 1.54 were obtained with nitrogen rate of 100 kg/feddan under combination of sugar beet variety Carola + onion and sugar beet variety Gloria + onion, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen at 100 kg/feddan with Gloria and onion gave a maximum cost benefit ratio of 1.54.
- Taxon
- SUGAR BEETBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Material
- sugar beet variety Gloria + onione2
- Treatment
- nitrogen rate of 100 kg/feddane2
- Outcome
- cost benefit ratiose2
- Direction
- maximume2
- Value
- 1.54e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“SUGAR BEET VARIETIES”
e2“The maximum cost benefit ratios of 1.73 and 1.54 were obtained with nitrogen rate of 100 kg/feddan under combination of sugar beet variety Carola + onion and sugar beet variety Gloria + onion, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping sugar beet variety Carola with onion and fertilizing with 100 kg N/feddan is recommended for higher net returns.
- Taxon
- SUGAR BEETBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Material
- sugar beet variety Carolae3
- Outcome
- preference may be given to intercrop sugar beet variety Carola with onione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“SUGAR BEET VARIETIES”
e3“The results showed that for obtaining higher net returns from the unit area, preference may be given to intercrop sugar beet variety Carola with onion and fertilized plants with 100 kg N feddan-1”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.