Abstract
Nitrogen fertilizer applied to sugar-beet increased plant and root dry weight and leaf area, and decreased the sugar content of the roots per cent of both fresh and dry weight. Change in leaf area accounted wholly for the increase in plant dry weight produced by nitrogen, because net assimilation rate was unaffected. Nitrogen did not alter the partition of the total assimilate between roots and shoots, but increased the fraction of total assimilate entering the roots that was used in growth, at the expense of that stored as sugar. Thus, plants with more nitrogen had a smaller proportion of their root dry weight as sugar because more was metabolized in growth of the roots, and not because less entered the roots. The heavier roots of plants given more nitrogen were larger in cross-sectional area because the areas of both parenchyma and vascular zones of each peripheral ring within the root were larger; the number of rings was not increased. Nitrogen increased the areas of the tissues in these zones by enlarging cell volumes, not by increasing the number of cells within the tissues. Increase in cell volume was accompanied by proportional increases in the weights of non-sugar dry matter per cell and water per cell, but the amount of sugar per cell was proportional to cell volume only during the initial stage of cell expansion up to cell volumes of about 15×10−8 cm2; thereafter it was less than proportional, so that sugar per cent of both fresh and dry weight decreased as cell size increased beyond 15×10−8 cm2. The relation of sugar per cell to cell volume was the same with both amounts of nitrogen given. This implies that increase in nitrogen supply made the sugar concentration of the root less by increasing the size of the root cells and not by a specific effect on sugar storage.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilizer increased sugar-beet plant and root dry weight and leaf area.
- Taxon
- sugar-beet
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0 - Treatment
- Nitrogen fertilizere0
- Outcome
- plant and root dry weight and leaf areae0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen fertilizer applied to sugar-beet increased plant and root dry weight and leaf area”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilizer decreased root sugar content as a percentage of fresh and dry weight.
- Taxon
- sugar-beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen fertilizere0
- Outcome
- sugar content of the roots per cent of both fresh and dry weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen fertilizer applied to sugar-beet increased plant and root dry weight and leaf area, and decreased the sugar content of the roots per cent of both fresh and dry weight.”
Claim · model-written summary
The change in leaf area fully accounted for the nitrogen-related increase in plant dry weight.
- Taxon
- Sugar-beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Outcome
- increase in plant dry weighte0
- Qualifier
- Change in leaf area accounted whollye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Change in leaf area accounted wholly for the increase in plant dry weight produced by nitrogen”
t0“Sugar-beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen did not change net assimilation rate.
- Taxon
- Sugar-beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Nitrogent1
- Outcome
- net assimilation ratee0
- Direction
- unaffectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“net assimilation rate was unaffected.”
t0“Sugar-beet”
t1“The Effect of Nitrogen on the Growth and Sugar Content of Sugar-beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen did not change allocation of total assimilate between roots and shoots.
- Taxon
- Sugar-beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Nitrogene0
- Outcome
- partition of the total assimilate between roots and shootse0
- Direction
- did not altere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen did not alter the partition of the total assimilate between roots and shoots”
t0“Sugar-beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen increased the fraction of root-entering assimilate used for growth.
- Taxon
- Sugar-beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Nitrogent1
- Outcome
- fraction of total assimilate entering the roots that was used in growthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased the fraction of total assimilate entering the roots that was used in growth”
t0“Sugar-beet”
t1“The Effect of Nitrogen on the Growth and Sugar Content of Sugar-beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen reduced the fraction of root-entering assimilate stored as sugar.
- Taxon
- Sugar-beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Nitrogent1
- Outcome
- that stored as sugare0
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased the fraction of total assimilate entering the roots that was used in growth, at the expense of that stored as sugar.”
t0“Sugar-beet”
t1“The Effect of Nitrogen on the Growth and Sugar Content of Sugar-beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Roots under higher nitrogen were larger in cross-sectional area because parenchyma and vascular zones were larger.
- Taxon
- Sugar-beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- more nitrogene0
- Outcome
- larger in cross-sectional areae0
- Qualifier
- areas of both parenchyma and vascular zones of each peripheral ring within the root were largere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The heavier roots of plants given more nitrogen were larger in cross-sectional area because the areas of both parenchyma and vascular zones of each peripheral ring within the root were larger”
t0“Sugar-beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen did not increase the number of peripheral root rings.
- Taxon
- Sugar-beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Nitrogent1
- Outcome
- number of ringse0
- Direction
- not increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the number of rings was not increased.”
t0“Sugar-beet”
t1“The Effect of Nitrogen on the Growth and Sugar Content of Sugar-beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen enlarged root tissue areas by increasing cell volumes.
- Taxon
- Sugar-beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Nitrogene0
- Outcome
- areas of the tissues in these zonese0
- Qualifier
- enlarging cell volumese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen increased the areas of the tissues in these zones by enlarging cell volumes”
t0“Sugar-beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen did not increase cell numbers within root tissues.
- Taxon
- Sugar-beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Nitrogent1
- Outcome
- number of cells within the tissuese0
- Direction
- not by increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“not by increasing the number of cells within the tissues.”
t0“Sugar-beet”
t1“The Effect of Nitrogen on the Growth and Sugar Content of Sugar-beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Non-sugar dry matter and water per cell increased proportionally with cell volume.
- Taxon
- Sugar-beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Organ / stage
- celle0
- Outcome
- weights of non-sugar dry matter per cell and water per celle0
- Direction
- increasese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increase in cell volume was accompanied by proportional increases in the weights of non-sugar dry matter per cell and water per cell”
t0“Sugar-beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Sugar per cell was proportional to cell volume only through the initial expansion stage of about 15×10−8 cm2.
- Taxon
- Sugar-beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Organ / stage
- celle0
- Outcome
- amount of sugar per celle0
- Value
- 15×10−8 cm2e0
- Qualifier
- only during the initial stage of cell expansione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the amount of sugar per cell was proportional to cell volume only during the initial stage of cell expansion up to cell volumes of about 15×10−8 cm2”
t0“Sugar-beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Beyond 15×10−8 cm2, sugar per cell rose less than proportionally to cell volume.
- Taxon
- Sugar-beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Organ / stage
- celle0
- Outcome
- sugar per cent of both fresh and dry weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 15×10−8 cm2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“thereafter it was less than proportional, so that sugar per cent of both fresh and dry weight decreased as cell size increased beyond 15×10−8 cm2.”
t0“Sugar-beet”
Claim · model-written summary
The relation between sugar per cell and cell volume was the same at both nitrogen amounts.
- Taxon
- Sugar-beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Outcome
- relation of sugar per cell to cell volumee0
- Direction
- the samee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The relation of sugar per cell to cell volume was the same with both amounts of nitrogen given.”
t0“Sugar-beet”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer nitrogen reduced root sugar concentration by enlarging root cells.
- Taxon
- Sugar-beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- increase in nitrogen supplye0
- Outcome
- sugar concentration of the roote0
- Qualifier
- increasing the size of the root cellse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increase in nitrogen supply made the sugar concentration of the root less by increasing the size of the root cells”
t0“Sugar-beet”
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See all 109 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.