Abstract
Understanding how elevated CO2 affects dynamics of nodal leaf growth and N assimilation is crucial for the construction of high-yielding canopy via breeding and N management to cope with the future climate change. Two soybean cultivars were grown in two Mollisols differing in soil organic carbon (SOC), and exposed to ambient CO2 (380 ppm) or elevated CO2 (580 ppm) throughout the growth stages. Elevated CO2 induced 4-5 more nodes, and nearly doubled the number of branches. Leaf area duration at the upper nodes from R5 to R6 was 4.3-fold greater and that on branches 2.4-fold higher under elevated CO2 than ambient CO2, irrespective of cultivar and soil type. As a result, elevated CO2 markedly increased the number of pods and seeds at these corresponding positions. The yield response to elevated CO2 varied between the cultivars but not soils. The cultivar-specific response was likely attributed to N content per unit leaf area, the capacity of C sink in seeds and N assimilation. Elevated CO2 did not change protein concentration in seeds of either cultivar. These results indicate that elevated CO2 increases leaf area towards the upper nodes and branches which in turn contributes yield increase.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 increased the number of nodes by 4-5 relative to ambient CO2 in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- Elevated CO2e1
- Outcome
- nodese1
- Direction
- moree1
- Value
- 4-5e1
- Comparator
- ambient CO2e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two soybean cultivars were grown in two Mollisols”
e1“Elevated CO2 induced 4-5 more nodes, and nearly doubled the number of branches”
e7“exposed to ambient CO2 (380 ppm) or elevated CO2 (580 ppm) throughout the growth stages”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 nearly doubled the number of branches in soybean relative to ambient CO2.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Elevated CO2e1
- Outcome
- number of branchese1
- Direction
- nearly doublede1
- Comparator
- ambient CO2e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two soybean cultivars were grown in two Mollisols”
e1“Elevated CO2 induced 4-5 more nodes, and nearly doubled the number of branches”
e7“exposed to ambient CO2 (380 ppm) or elevated CO2 (580 ppm) throughout the growth stages”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf area duration at the upper nodes of soybean was 4.3-fold greater under elevated CO2 than under ambient CO2 from R5 to R6.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Organ / stage
- upper nodese2
- Treatment
- elevated CO2e2
- Outcome
- Leaf area duratione2
- Direction
- greatere2
- Value
- 4.3-folde2
- Qualifier
- from R5 to R6e2
- Comparator
- ambient CO2e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two soybean cultivars were grown in two Mollisols”
e2“Leaf area duration at the upper nodes from R5 to R6 was 4.3-fold greater and that on branches 2.4-fold higher under elevated CO2 than ambient CO2, irrespective of cultivar and soil type”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf area duration on soybean branches was 2.4-fold higher under elevated CO2 than under ambient CO2, irrespective of cultivar and soil type.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Organ / stage
- branchese2
- Treatment
- elevated CO2e2
- Outcome
- Leaf area duratione2
- Direction
- highere2
- Value
- 2.4-folde2
- Qualifier
- irrespective of cultivar and soil typee2
- Comparator
- ambient CO2e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two soybean cultivars were grown in two Mollisols”
e2“Leaf area duration at the upper nodes from R5 to R6 was 4.3-fold greater and that on branches 2.4-fold higher under elevated CO2 than ambient CO2, irrespective of cultivar and soil type”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 markedly increased the number of pods and seeds at the upper nodes and branches relative to ambient CO2.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- elevated CO2e3
- Outcome
- number of pods and seedse3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Qualifier
- at these corresponding positionse3
- Comparator
- ambient CO2e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two soybean cultivars were grown in two Mollisols”
e3“As a result, elevated CO2 markedly increased the number of pods and seeds at these corresponding positions”
e7“exposed to ambient CO2 (380 ppm) or elevated CO2 (580 ppm) throughout the growth stages”
Claim · model-written summary
The yield response of soybean to elevated CO2 varied between the cultivars but not between soils.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- elevated CO2e4
- Outcome
- yield responsee4
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two soybean cultivars were grown in two Mollisols”
e4“The yield response to elevated CO2 varied between the cultivars but not soils”
Claim · model-written summary
The cultivar-specific yield response of soybean was likely attributed to N content per unit leaf area, sink capacity in seeds and N assimilation.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- cultivar-specific responsee5
- Qualifier
- N content per unit leaf area, the capacity of C sink in seeds and N assimilatione5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two soybean cultivars were grown in two Mollisols”
e5“The cultivar-specific response was likely attributed to N content per unit leaf area, the capacity of C sink in seeds and N assimilation”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 did not change seed protein concentration of soybean in either cultivar.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Elevated CO2e6
- Outcome
- protein concentration in seedse6
- Direction
- did not changee6
- Comparator
- ambient CO2e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two soybean cultivars were grown in two Mollisols”
e6“Elevated CO2 did not change protein concentration in seeds of either cultivar”
e7“exposed to ambient CO2 (380 ppm) or elevated CO2 (580 ppm) throughout the growth stages”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 increases leaf area towards the upper nodes and branches, which in turn contributes to yield increase in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- elevated CO2e7
- Outcome
- yield increasee7
- Qualifier
- leaf area towards the upper nodes and branchese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two soybean cultivars were grown in two Mollisols”
e7“These results indicate that elevated CO2 increases leaf area towards the upper nodes and branches which in turn contributes yield increase”
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