Abstract
Weed control in transplanted tomatoes with diphenamid, trifluralin, and paraquat was evaluated under field conditions on a predominantly Grosclose silt loan soil on the Virginia Polytechnic Institute Horticulture farm near Blacksburg, Virginia. The herbicides were used singularly and in certain combination at various rates and times of application. Diphenamid applied on previously cultivated soil at two weeks after transplanting tomato plants gave superior weed control with no apparent injury to tomato plants. However, the eame herbicide gave poor post emergence weed control and yield of tomatoes when applied after small weeds were present. Growth of tomato plants·was. suppressed by competition from weeds; however, ripening of tomatoes was accelerated as compared to untreated cultivated plants. Trifluralin applied pre planting also gave good weed control, but when applied post transplanting weed control was poor po•eibly due to incorporation technique. The higher rate of this herbicide seaweed a decrease in growth and yield of the crop. A mixture of diphenamid plus paraquat was effective on small weeds, but this treatment has less possibilities in commercial production as the spray cannot be directed to avoid contact injury to tomato plants.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Diphenamid applied two weeks after transplanting on previously cultivated soil gave superior weed control without apparent tomato injury.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- Diphenamid applied on previously cultivated soil at two weeks after transplantinge0
- Outcome
- weed controle0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Setting
- previously cultivated soile0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Diphenamid applied on previously cultivated soil at two weeks after transplanting tomato plants gave superior weed control with no apparent injury to tomato plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Diphenamid applied after small weeds appeared gave poor post-emergence weed control.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Diphenamide1
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- post emergence weed controle0
- Direction
- poore0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the eame herbicide gave poor post emergence weed control and yield of tomatoes when applied after small weeds were present.”
e1“Diphenamid applied on previously cultivated soil at two weeks after transplanting tomato plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Diphenamid applied after small weeds appeared gave poor tomato yield.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Diphenamide1
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- yield of tomatoese0
- Direction
- poore0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the eame herbicide gave poor post emergence weed control and yield of tomatoes when applied after small weeds were present.”
e1“Diphenamid applied on previously cultivated soil at two weeks after transplanting tomato plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed competition suppressed tomato plant growth.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- Growth of tomato plantse0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth of tomato plants·was. suppressed by competition from weeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed competition accelerated tomato ripening relative to untreated cultivated plants.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
- Interactor
- weedse1weed
- Outcome
- ripening of tomatoese0
- Direction
- acceleratede0
- Comparator
- untreated cultivated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ripening of tomatoes was accelerated as compared to untreated cultivated plants.”
e1“competition from weeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Preplanting trifluralin gave good weed control.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Trifluralin applied pre plantinge0
- Outcome
- weed controle0
- Direction
- goode0
Not reportedInteractorComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trifluralin applied pre planting also gave good weed control”
t0“tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
Post-transplanting trifluralin gave poor weed control.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Trifluraline1
- Outcome
- weed controle0
- Direction
- poore0
- Qualifier
- po•eibly due to incorporation techniquee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“when applied post transplanting weed control was poor po•eibly due to incorporation technique.”
e1“Trifluralin applied pre planting also gave good weed control”
t0“tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
A higher trifluralin rate decreased tomato growth.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- higher rate of this herbicidee0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The higher rate of this herbicide seaweed a decrease in growth and yield of the crop.”
e1“Trifluralin applied pre planting”
t0“tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
A higher trifluralin rate decreased tomato yield.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- higher rate of this herbicidee0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The higher rate of this herbicide seaweed a decrease in growth and yield of the crop.”
t0“tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
A diphenamid plus paraquat mixture controlled small weeds effectively.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- mixture of diphenamid plus paraquate0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- small weedse0
- Direction
- effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A mixture of diphenamid plus paraquat was effective on small weeds”
t0“tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors judged the diphenamid plus paraquat mixture to have limited commercial potential because spray contact can injure tomato plants.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- mixture of diphenamid plus paraquate1
- Outcome
- less possibilities in commercial productione0
- Qualifier
- contact injury to tomato plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this treatment has less possibilities in commercial production as the spray cannot be directed to avoid contact injury to tomato plants.”
e1“A mixture of diphenamid plus paraquat”
t0“tomatoes”
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