Abstract
Zinc as an element is considered as one of the most limiting nutrients for crop production, mainly for cereals in the arid areas of the world. The article explores the impact of zinc salts at different concentrations on the course of physiological biochemical processes, germination and development of nine investigated hybrids of maize. In particular, we investigate how zinc nitrate solutions influence physiological biochemical processes of different maize hybrids. It is established that high concentration of zinc salt solution can arrest or inhibit processes of plants growth, exerting an effect typical of heavy metals. The influence of 0.01% and 0.02% of zinc nitrate aqueous solution on the content of chlorophyll and number of seeds on the stalks of different corn hybrids was studied. The results of experiments in which germinating seeds were placed in Petri dishes containing 0.01% and 0.02% nitrate zinc solutions showed that zinc in these quantities stimulates the synthesis of chlorophyll in the leaves in all studied hybrids, thereby stimulating plant growth. Thereafter, low concentrations of salt solutions of the same element stimulated all development processes. Zinc enters the active enzyme centers and participates directly in chlorophyll synthesis. The spray of solutions as foliar fertilizers at critical stages of corn growth increases the number of seeds, the diameter and length of stalk in the early ripening hybrids group, compared with the control. It was shown that lack of zinc affects the formation of seeds. The results of the field experiments showed that corn foliar feeding with 0.01% sodium nitrate increased productivity of the studied hybrids. Symptoms of zinc deficiency develop throughout the whole plant or are localized on the old lower leaves. At first, brownish grey and purple-coloured spots appear on the leaves of the lower and middle layers and then spread over the rest of the plant. The tissue of the areas like these simply dies off. Zinc deficiency had a negative effect on seeds production. From the results of experiments it follows that there are fluctuation of chlorophyll in maize hybrids when germinated in 0.01% and 0.02% salts solutions of zinc nitrate, and that the resistance of the plants to fungus and bacterial infections is strengthened when their seeds are previously treated with nitric acid zinc at 0.01% concentration.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc nitrate at 0.01% and 0.02% stimulates chlorophyll synthesis in the leaves of all studied maize hybrids.
- Material
- all studied hybridse1
- Organ / stage
- leavese1
- Treatment
- 0.01% and 0.02% nitrate zinc solutionse2
- Outcome
- synthesis of chlorophylle1
- Direction
- stimulatese1
- Setting
- Petri dishese2
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nine investigated hybrids of maize”
e1“zinc in these quantities stimulates the synthesis of chlorophyll in the leaves in all studied hybrids”
e2“germinating seeds were placed in Petri dishes containing 0.01% and 0.02% nitrate zinc solutions”
Claim · model-written summary
Low concentrations of zinc salt solutions stimulated all development processes in maize.
- Treatment
- low concentrations of salt solutionse3
- Outcome
- all development processese3
- Direction
- stimulatede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nine investigated hybrids of maize”
e3“low concentrations of salt solutions of the same element stimulated all development processes”
Claim · model-written summary
High concentrations of zinc salt solution can arrest or inhibit maize growth processes, an effect typical of heavy metals.
- Treatment
- high concentration of zinc salt solutione4
- Outcome
- processes of plants growthe4
- Direction
- arrest or inhibite4
- Qualifier
- typical of heavy metalse4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nine investigated hybrids of maize”
e4“high concentration of zinc salt solution can arrest or inhibit processes of plants growth, exerting an effect typical of heavy metals”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar spray of zinc solutions at critical stages increased seed number, stalk diameter and stalk length of early ripening maize hybrids compared with control.
- Material
- early ripening hybridse5
- Treatment
- spray of solutions as foliar fertilizerse5
- Outcome
- number of seeds, the diameter and length of stalke5
- Direction
- increasese5
- Comparator
- controle5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nine investigated hybrids of maize”
e5“The spray of solutions as foliar fertilizers at critical stages of corn growth increases the number of seeds, the diameter and length of stalk in the early ripening hybrids group, compared with the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc deficiency had a negative effect on maize seed production.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nine investigated hybrids of maize”
e6“Zinc deficiency had a negative effect on seeds production”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar feeding with 0.01% sodium nitrate increased productivity of the studied maize hybrids in field experiments.
- Material
- studied hybridse7
- Treatment
- 0.01% sodium nitratee7
- Outcome
- productivitye7
- Direction
- increasede7
- Setting
- field experimentse2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nine investigated hybrids of maize”
e7“corn foliar feeding with 0.01% sodium nitrate increased productivity of the studied hybrids”
e2“The results of the field experiments showed”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed treatment with 0.01% nitric acid zinc strengthened maize resistance to fungal and bacterial infections.
- Treatment
- seeds are previously treated with nitric acid zinc at 0.01% concentratione1
- Interactor
- fungus and bacteriale1pathogen
- Outcome
- resistance of the plantse1
- Direction
- strengthenede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nine investigated hybrids of maize”
e1“the resistance of the plants to fungus and bacterial infections is strengthened when their seeds are previously treated with nitric acid zinc at 0.01% concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc enters the active enzyme centers and participates directly in chlorophyll synthesis.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nine investigated hybrids of maize”
e1“Zinc enters the active enzyme centers and participates directly in chlorophyll synthesis”
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