Abstract
The presented experiments evaluated the symbiotic performance of soybean genotypes with contrasting salt stress tolerance to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation. In addition, the physiological stress tolerance mechanisms in plants derived from mutualistic interactions between AMF and the host plants were evaluated. Plant growth, nodulation, nitrogenase activity and levels of endogenous growth hormones, such as indole acetic acid and indole butyric acid, of salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive soybean genotypes significantly decreased at 200 mM NaCl. The inoculation of soybean with AMF improved the symbiotic performance of both soybean genotypes by improving nodule formation, leghemoglobin content, nitrogenase activity and auxin synthesis. AMF colonization also protected soybean genotypes from salt-induced membrane damage and reduced the production of hydrogen peroxide, subsequently reducing the production of TBARS and reducing lipid peroxidation. In conclusion, the results of the present investigation indicate that AMF improve the symbiotic performance of soybean genotypes regardless of their salt stress tolerance ability by mitigating the negative effect of salt stress and stimulating endogenous level of auxins that contribute to an improved root system and nutrient acquisition under salt stress.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
At 200 mM NaCl, plant growth decreased in both soybean genotypes.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Material
- salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive soybean genotypese0
- Treatment
- 200 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- Plant growthe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant growth, nodulation, nitrogenase activity and levels of endogenous growth hormones, such as indole acetic acid and indole butyric acid, of salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive soybean genotypes significantly decreased at 200 mM NaCl.”
Claim · model-written summary
At 200 mM NaCl, nodulation and nitrogenase activity decreased in both soybean genotypes.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive soybean genotypese0
- Treatment
- 200 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- nodulation, nitrogenase activitye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant growth, nodulation, nitrogenase activity and levels of endogenous growth hormones, such as indole acetic acid and indole butyric acid, of salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive soybean genotypes significantly decreased at 200 mM NaCl.”
Claim · model-written summary
At 200 mM NaCl, endogenous growth hormone levels decreased in both soybean genotypes.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive soybean genotypese0
- Treatment
- 200 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- levels of endogenous growth hormonese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant growth, nodulation, nitrogenase activity and levels of endogenous growth hormones, such as indole acetic acid and indole butyric acid, of salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive soybean genotypes significantly decreased at 200 mM NaCl.”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation improved nodule formation, leghemoglobin content, and nitrogenase activity.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- inoculation of soybean with AMFe0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- nodule formation, leghemoglobin content, nitrogenase activitye0
- Direction
- improvinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The inoculation of soybean with AMF improved the symbiotic performance of both soybean genotypes by improving nodule formation, leghemoglobin content, nitrogenase activity and auxin synthesis.”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation improved auxin synthesis.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- inoculation of soybean with AMFe0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- auxin synthesise0
- Direction
- improvinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The inoculation of soybean with AMF improved the symbiotic performance of both soybean genotypes by improving nodule formation, leghemoglobin content, nitrogenase activity and auxin synthesis.”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF colonization protected soybean from salt-induced membrane damage.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- AMF colonizatione0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- salt-induced membrane damagee0
- Direction
- protectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AMF colonization also protected soybean genotypes from salt-induced membrane damage and reduced the production of hydrogen peroxide, subsequently reducing the production of TBARS and reducing lipid peroxidation.”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF colonization reduced hydrogen peroxide production in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- AMF colonizatione0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- production of hydrogen peroxidee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AMF colonization also protected soybean genotypes from salt-induced membrane damage and reduced the production of hydrogen peroxide, subsequently reducing the production of TBARS and reducing lipid peroxidation.”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF colonization reduced TBARS production and lipid peroxidation in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- AMF colonizatione0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- production of TBARS and reducing lipid peroxidatione0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AMF colonization also protected soybean genotypes from salt-induced membrane damage and reduced the production of hydrogen peroxide, subsequently reducing the production of TBARS and reducing lipid peroxidation.”
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