Abstract
Drought stress is the major abiotic factor limiting crop production. Co-inoculating crops with nitrogen fixing bacteria and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) improves plant growth and increases drought tolerance in arid or semiarid areas. Soybean is a major source of high-quality protein and oil for humans. It is susceptible to drought stress conditions. The co-inoculation of drought-stressed soybean with nodulating rhizobia and root-colonizing, PGPR improves the root and the shoot growth, formation of nodules, and nitrogen fixation capacity in soybean. The present study was aimed to observe if the co-inoculation of soybean (Glycine max L. (Merr.) nodulating with Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA110 and PGPR Pseudomonas putida NUU8 can enhance drought tolerance, nodulation, plant growth, and nutrient uptake under drought conditions. The results of the study showed that co-inoculation with B. japonicum USDA110 and P. putida NUU8 gave more benefits in nodulation and growth of soybean compared to plants inoculated with B. japonicum USDA110 alone and uninoculated control. Under drought conditions, co-inoculation of B. japonicum USDA 110 and P. putida NUU8 significantly enhanced the root length by 56%, shoot length by 33%, root dry weight by 47%, shoot dry weight by 48%, and nodule number 17% compared to the control under drought-stressed. Co-inoculation with B. japonicum, USDA 110 and P. putida NUU8 significantly enhanced plant and soil nutrients and soil enzymes compared to control under normal and drought stress conditions. The synergistic use of B. japonicum USDA110 and P. putida NUU8 improves plant growth and nodulation of soybean under drought stress conditions. The results suggested that these strains could be used to formulate a consortium of biofertilizers for sustainable production of soybean under drought-stressed field conditions.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Co-inoculation improved soybean nodulation and growth over rhizobial inoculation alone and the uninoculated control.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- co-inoculation with B. japonicum USDA110 and P. putida NUU8e0
- Interactor
- B. japonicum USDA110
Bradyrhizobium japonicume0symbiont - Second interactor
- P. putida NUU8
Pseudomonas putidae0symbiont - Outcome
- nodulation and growthe0
- Direction
- more benefitse0
- Comparator
- plants inoculated with B. japonicum USDA110 alone and uninoculated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“co-inoculation with B. japonicum USDA110 and P. putida NUU8 gave more benefits in nodulation and growth of soybean compared to plants inoculated with B. japonicum USDA110 alone and uninoculated control”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-inoculation significantly enhanced soybean root length by 56% under drought.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- co-inoculation of B. japonicum USDA 110 and P. putida NUU8e0
- Interactor
- B. japonicum USDA 110Bradyrhizobium japonicume0symbiont
- Second interactor
- P. putida NUU8Pseudomonas putidae0symbiont
- Outcome
- root lengthe0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 56%e0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under drought conditions, co-inoculation of B. japonicum USDA 110 and P. putida NUU8 significantly enhanced the root length by 56%, shoot length by 33%, root dry weight by 47%, shoot dry weight by 48%, and nodule number 17% compared to the control under drought-stressed.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-inoculation significantly enhanced soybean shoot length by 33% under drought.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- co-inoculation of B. japonicum USDA 110 and P. putida NUU8e0
- Interactor
- B. japonicum USDA 110Bradyrhizobium japonicume0symbiont
- Second interactor
- P. putida NUU8Pseudomonas putidae0symbiont
- Outcome
- shoot lengthe0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 33%e0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under drought conditions, co-inoculation of B. japonicum USDA 110 and P. putida NUU8 significantly enhanced the root length by 56%, shoot length by 33%, root dry weight by 47%, shoot dry weight by 48%, and nodule number 17% compared to the control under drought-stressed.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-inoculation significantly enhanced soybean root dry weight by 47% under drought.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- co-inoculation of B. japonicum USDA 110 and P. putida NUU8e0
- Interactor
- B. japonicum USDA 110Bradyrhizobium japonicume0symbiont
- Second interactor
- P. putida NUU8Pseudomonas putidae0symbiont
- Outcome
- root dry weighte0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 47%e0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under drought conditions, co-inoculation of B. japonicum USDA 110 and P. putida NUU8 significantly enhanced the root length by 56%, shoot length by 33%, root dry weight by 47%, shoot dry weight by 48%, and nodule number 17% compared to the control under drought-stressed.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-inoculation significantly enhanced soybean shoot dry weight by 48% under drought.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- co-inoculation of B. japonicum USDA 110 and P. putida NUU8e0
- Interactor
- B. japonicum USDA 110Bradyrhizobium japonicume0symbiont
- Second interactor
- P. putida NUU8Pseudomonas putidae0symbiont
- Outcome
- shoot dry weighte0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 48%e0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under drought conditions, co-inoculation of B. japonicum USDA 110 and P. putida NUU8 significantly enhanced the root length by 56%, shoot length by 33%, root dry weight by 47%, shoot dry weight by 48%, and nodule number 17% compared to the control under drought-stressed.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-inoculation significantly enhanced soybean nodule number by 17% under drought.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- co-inoculation of B. japonicum USDA 110 and P. putida NUU8e0
- Interactor
- B. japonicum USDA 110Bradyrhizobium japonicume0symbiont
- Second interactor
- P. putida NUU8Pseudomonas putidae0symbiont
- Outcome
- nodule numbere0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 17%e0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under drought conditions, co-inoculation of B. japonicum USDA 110 and P. putida NUU8 significantly enhanced the root length by 56%, shoot length by 33%, root dry weight by 47%, shoot dry weight by 48%, and nodule number 17% compared to the control under drought-stressed.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-inoculation significantly enhanced plant and soil nutrients and soil enzymes under normal and drought conditions.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Co-inoculation with B. japonicum, USDA 110 and P. putida NUU8e0
- Interactor
- B. japonicumBradyrhizobium japonicume0symbiont
- Second interactor
- P. putida NUU8Pseudomonas putidae0symbiont
- Outcome
- plant and soil nutrients and soil enzymese0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Co-inoculation with B. japonicum, USDA 110 and P. putida NUU8 significantly enhanced plant and soil nutrients and soil enzymes compared to control under normal and drought stress conditions.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest using the strains as a biofertilizer consortium for soybean production under drought.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- consortium of biofertilizers for sustainable production of soybeane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these strains could be used to formulate a consortium of biofertilizers for sustainable production of soybean under drought-stressed field conditions”
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See all 310 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.