Paper · 2016 · Legume Research - An International Journal

Effect of integrated nutrient management on seed quality of vegetable soybean [Glycine max (L.) merrill] cv. Karune

J.B. Maruthi*1; R. Paramesh

12
claims
36
verbatim quotes
3
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by

Abstract

A laboratory experiment was conducted at the Department of Seed Science and Technology, GKVK, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore. The results revealed that, application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1) significantly improved the seed quality parameters viz., 100 seed weight (35.51g), seed size (0.76 cm³), seed density (1.55 g/cc), total dehydrogenase activity (4.80), germination (92.00 %), seedling length (30.69 cm), seedling dry weight (90.75 mg), seedling vigour index- I and II (2820 and 836 respectively), protein content (36.30 %) and field emergence (89.33 %) with lowest electrical conductivity (0.49 mScm-1) as compared to control and other treatments. Further, artificially aged seeds through accelerated ageing method also recorded higher seed quality parameters in the same treatment at the end of six days of ageing period.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 12

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1) improved 100 seed weight relative to control and other treatments.

Taxon
vegetable soybean [Glycine max (L.) merrill]Glycine maxt0
Material
Karunet1
Treatment
application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1)e0
Interactor
Brady rhizobiume0symbiont
Outcome
100 seed weighte0
Direction
improvede0
Value
35.51ge0
Comparator
control and other treatmentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“vegetable soybean [Glycine max (L.) merrill]”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 60–104 · show in text ↑
t1

“Karune”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 109–115 · show in text ↑
e0

“application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1) significantly improved the seed quality parameters viz., 100 seed weight (35.51g), seed size (0.76 cm³), seed density (1.55 g/cc), total dehydrogenase activity (4.80), germination (92.00 %), seedling length (30.69 cm), seedling dry weight (90.75 mg), seedling vigour index- I and II (2820 and 836 respectively), protein content (36.30 %) and field emergence (89.33 %) with lowest electrical conductivity (0.49 mScm-1) as compared to control and other treatments”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 169–776 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1) improved seed size relative to control and other treatments.

Taxon
vegetable soybean [Glycine max (L.) merrill]Glycine maxt0
Material
Karunet1
Treatment
application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1)e0
Interactor
Brady rhizobiume0symbiont
Outcome
seed sizee0
Direction
improvede0
Value
0.76 cm³e0
Comparator
control and other treatmentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“vegetable soybean [Glycine max (L.) merrill]”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 60–104 · show in text ↑
t1

“Karune”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 109–115 · show in text ↑
e0

“application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1) significantly improved the seed quality parameters viz., 100 seed weight (35.51g), seed size (0.76 cm³), seed density (1.55 g/cc), total dehydrogenase activity (4.80), germination (92.00 %), seedling length (30.69 cm), seedling dry weight (90.75 mg), seedling vigour index- I and II (2820 and 836 respectively), protein content (36.30 %) and field emergence (89.33 %) with lowest electrical conductivity (0.49 mScm-1) as compared to control and other treatments”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 169–776 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1) improved seed density relative to control and other treatments.

Taxon
vegetable soybean [Glycine max (L.) merrill]Glycine maxt0
Material
Karunet1
Treatment
application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1)e0
Interactor
Brady rhizobiume0symbiont
Outcome
seed densitye0
Direction
improvede0
Value
1.55 g/cce0
Comparator
control and other treatmentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“vegetable soybean [Glycine max (L.) merrill]”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 60–104 · show in text ↑
t1

“Karune”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 109–115 · show in text ↑
e0

“application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1) significantly improved the seed quality parameters viz., 100 seed weight (35.51g), seed size (0.76 cm³), seed density (1.55 g/cc), total dehydrogenase activity (4.80), germination (92.00 %), seedling length (30.69 cm), seedling dry weight (90.75 mg), seedling vigour index- I and II (2820 and 836 respectively), protein content (36.30 %) and field emergence (89.33 %) with lowest electrical conductivity (0.49 mScm-1) as compared to control and other treatments”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 169–776 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1) improved total dehydrogenase activity relative to control and other treatments.

Taxon
vegetable soybean [Glycine max (L.) merrill]Glycine maxt0
Material
Karunet1
Treatment
application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1)e0
Interactor
Brady rhizobiume0symbiont
Outcome
total dehydrogenase activitye0
Direction
improvede0
Value
4.80e0
Comparator
control and other treatmentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“vegetable soybean [Glycine max (L.) merrill]”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 60–104 · show in text ↑
t1

“Karune”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 109–115 · show in text ↑
e0

“application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1) significantly improved the seed quality parameters viz., 100 seed weight (35.51g), seed size (0.76 cm³), seed density (1.55 g/cc), total dehydrogenase activity (4.80), germination (92.00 %), seedling length (30.69 cm), seedling dry weight (90.75 mg), seedling vigour index- I and II (2820 and 836 respectively), protein content (36.30 %) and field emergence (89.33 %) with lowest electrical conductivity (0.49 mScm-1) as compared to control and other treatments”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 169–776 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1) improved germination relative to control and other treatments.

Taxon
vegetable soybean [Glycine max (L.) merrill]Glycine maxt0
Material
Karunet1
Treatment
application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1)e0
Interactor
Brady rhizobiume0symbiont
Outcome
germinatione0
Direction
improvede0
Value
92.00 %e0
Comparator
control and other treatmentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“vegetable soybean [Glycine max (L.) merrill]”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 60–104 · show in text ↑
t1

“Karune”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 109–115 · show in text ↑
e0

“application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1) significantly improved the seed quality parameters viz., 100 seed weight (35.51g), seed size (0.76 cm³), seed density (1.55 g/cc), total dehydrogenase activity (4.80), germination (92.00 %), seedling length (30.69 cm), seedling dry weight (90.75 mg), seedling vigour index- I and II (2820 and 836 respectively), protein content (36.30 %) and field emergence (89.33 %) with lowest electrical conductivity (0.49 mScm-1) as compared to control and other treatments”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 169–776 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1) improved seedling length relative to control and other treatments.

Taxon
vegetable soybean [Glycine max (L.) merrill]Glycine maxt0
Material
Karunet1
Treatment
application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1)e0
Interactor
Brady rhizobiume0symbiont
Outcome
seedling lengthe0
Direction
improvede0
Value
30.69 cme0
Comparator
control and other treatmentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“vegetable soybean [Glycine max (L.) merrill]”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 60–104 · show in text ↑
t1

“Karune”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 109–115 · show in text ↑
e0

“application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1) significantly improved the seed quality parameters viz., 100 seed weight (35.51g), seed size (0.76 cm³), seed density (1.55 g/cc), total dehydrogenase activity (4.80), germination (92.00 %), seedling length (30.69 cm), seedling dry weight (90.75 mg), seedling vigour index- I and II (2820 and 836 respectively), protein content (36.30 %) and field emergence (89.33 %) with lowest electrical conductivity (0.49 mScm-1) as compared to control and other treatments”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 169–776 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1) improved seedling dry weight relative to control and other treatments.

Taxon
vegetable soybean [Glycine max (L.) merrill]Glycine maxt0
Material
Karunet1
Treatment
application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1)e0
Interactor
Brady rhizobiume0symbiont
Outcome
seedling dry weighte0
Direction
improvede0
Value
90.75 mge0
Comparator
control and other treatmentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“vegetable soybean [Glycine max (L.) merrill]”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 60–104 · show in text ↑
t1

“Karune”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 109–115 · show in text ↑
e0

“application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1) significantly improved the seed quality parameters viz., 100 seed weight (35.51g), seed size (0.76 cm³), seed density (1.55 g/cc), total dehydrogenase activity (4.80), germination (92.00 %), seedling length (30.69 cm), seedling dry weight (90.75 mg), seedling vigour index- I and II (2820 and 836 respectively), protein content (36.30 %) and field emergence (89.33 %) with lowest electrical conductivity (0.49 mScm-1) as compared to control and other treatments”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 169–776 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1) improved seedling vigour index- I relative to control and other treatments.

Taxon
vegetable soybean [Glycine max (L.) merrill]Glycine maxt0
Material
Karunet1
Treatment
application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1)e0
Interactor
Brady rhizobiume0symbiont
Outcome
seedling vigour index- Ie0
Direction
improvede0
Value
2820e0
Comparator
control and other treatmentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“vegetable soybean [Glycine max (L.) merrill]”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 60–104 · show in text ↑
t1

“Karune”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 109–115 · show in text ↑
e0

“application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1) significantly improved the seed quality parameters viz., 100 seed weight (35.51g), seed size (0.76 cm³), seed density (1.55 g/cc), total dehydrogenase activity (4.80), germination (92.00 %), seedling length (30.69 cm), seedling dry weight (90.75 mg), seedling vigour index- I and II (2820 and 836 respectively), protein content (36.30 %) and field emergence (89.33 %) with lowest electrical conductivity (0.49 mScm-1) as compared to control and other treatments”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 169–776 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1) improved seedling vigour index- I and II relative to control and other treatments.

Taxon
vegetable soybean [Glycine max (L.) merrill]Glycine maxt0
Material
Karunet1
Treatment
application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1)e0
Interactor
Brady rhizobiume0symbiont
Outcome
seedling vigour index- I and IIe0
Direction
improvede0
Value
836e0
Comparator
control and other treatmentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“vegetable soybean [Glycine max (L.) merrill]”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 60–104 · show in text ↑
t1

“Karune”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 109–115 · show in text ↑
e0

“application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1) significantly improved the seed quality parameters viz., 100 seed weight (35.51g), seed size (0.76 cm³), seed density (1.55 g/cc), total dehydrogenase activity (4.80), germination (92.00 %), seedling length (30.69 cm), seedling dry weight (90.75 mg), seedling vigour index- I and II (2820 and 836 respectively), protein content (36.30 %) and field emergence (89.33 %) with lowest electrical conductivity (0.49 mScm-1) as compared to control and other treatments”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 169–776 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1) improved protein content relative to control and other treatments.

Taxon
vegetable soybean [Glycine max (L.) merrill]Glycine maxt0
Material
Karunet1
Treatment
application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1)e0
Interactor
Brady rhizobiume0symbiont
Outcome
protein contente0
Direction
improvede0
Value
36.30 %e0
Comparator
control and other treatmentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“vegetable soybean [Glycine max (L.) merrill]”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 60–104 · show in text ↑
t1

“Karune”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 109–115 · show in text ↑
e0

“application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1) significantly improved the seed quality parameters viz., 100 seed weight (35.51g), seed size (0.76 cm³), seed density (1.55 g/cc), total dehydrogenase activity (4.80), germination (92.00 %), seedling length (30.69 cm), seedling dry weight (90.75 mg), seedling vigour index- I and II (2820 and 836 respectively), protein content (36.30 %) and field emergence (89.33 %) with lowest electrical conductivity (0.49 mScm-1) as compared to control and other treatments”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 169–776 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1) improved field emergence relative to control and other treatments.

Taxon
vegetable soybean [Glycine max (L.) merrill]Glycine maxt0
Material
Karunet1
Treatment
application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1)e0
Interactor
Brady rhizobiume0symbiont
Outcome
field emergencee0
Direction
improvede0
Value
89.33 %e0
Comparator
control and other treatmentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“vegetable soybean [Glycine max (L.) merrill]”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 60–104 · show in text ↑
t1

“Karune”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 109–115 · show in text ↑
e0

“application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1) significantly improved the seed quality parameters viz., 100 seed weight (35.51g), seed size (0.76 cm³), seed density (1.55 g/cc), total dehydrogenase activity (4.80), germination (92.00 %), seedling length (30.69 cm), seedling dry weight (90.75 mg), seedling vigour index- I and II (2820 and 836 respectively), protein content (36.30 %) and field emergence (89.33 %) with lowest electrical conductivity (0.49 mScm-1) as compared to control and other treatments”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 169–776 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1) improved electrical conductivity relative to control and other treatments.

Taxon
vegetable soybean [Glycine max (L.) merrill]Glycine maxt0
Material
Karunet1
Treatment
application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1)e0
Interactor
Brady rhizobiume0symbiont
Outcome
electrical conductivitye0
Direction
loweste0
Value
0.49 mScm-1e0
Comparator
control and other treatmentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“vegetable soybean [Glycine max (L.) merrill]”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 60–104 · show in text ↑
t1

“Karune”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 109–115 · show in text ↑
e0

“application of recommended dose of NPK (30:80: 37.5 kg ha-1) + Recommended dose of FYM (10 t ha-1) +Brady rhizobium (250 g ha-1)+PSB (250 g ha-1) significantly improved the seed quality parameters viz., 100 seed weight (35.51g), seed size (0.76 cm³), seed density (1.55 g/cc), total dehydrogenase activity (4.80), germination (92.00 %), seedling length (30.69 cm), seedling dry weight (90.75 mg), seedling vigour index- I and II (2820 and 836 respectively), protein content (36.30 %) and field emergence (89.33 %) with lowest electrical conductivity (0.49 mScm-1) as compared to control and other treatments”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 169–776 · show in text ↑

fertilization · soil: biology · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

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418 papers: 359 positive, 59 negative or no effect

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1,192 papers: 1,021 positive, 171 negative or no effect

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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.