Abstract
In two glasshouse experiments, range of herbicides was applied as pre-or post-emergence to examine their effect in controlling Italian ryegrass (Loluim multiflorum) grown with barley. In experiment 1, treatment by one of the three herbicides named, chlorotoluron, controlled Italian ryegrass (L. multiflorum) \significantly (P<0.01). However, the three herbicides differed significantly (P<0.05) in their dose. Chlorotoluron gave effective control of L. multiflorum at dose of 2 kg/ha with less than 10% of mean of ryegrass plants/pot survived and only a slight damage on barley was observed. Isoproturon and methabenzthiazuron were less effective in controlling the weed as more than 30% of L. multiflorum plants survived at different doses applied while barley plants were not affected significantly by the chemicals. In experiment 2, two herbicides diclofop-methyl or pendimethalin were applied as postemergence treatment. The herbicide diclofop-methyl achieved an effective control of Italian ryegrass associated with barley even at rates as low as 0.25 kg/ha. Mean of ryegrass numbers and fresh weight (20 plants)/pot were decreased significantly and only few plants of L. multifloruim survived at 1 kg/ha, however, they were very small in size and badly damaged. Barley plants were not damaged by diclofopmethyl treatments at all applied doses. Pendimethalin created a significant effect (P=0.05) on ryegrass numbers/pot or fresh weight (20 plants/pot) at doses, 0.125 or 0.25 kg/ha. However, at 1 kg/ha there was about 40% reduction in weed numbers/pot and its fresh weight (20 plants/pot), which indicate low control effect of this chemical. There was no evidence of damage to barley plants by pendimethalin at all tested rates.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorotoluron at 2 kg/ha gave effective control of L. multiflorum, with less than 10% of ryegrass plants per pot surviving.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Treatment
- Chlorotolurone2
- Interactor
- L. multiflorume2weed
- Outcome
- control of L. multiflorume2
- Direction
- effectivee2
- Value
- less than 10%e2
- Setting
- glasshousee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“herbicides in barley”
e0“In two glasshouse experiments”
e2“Chlorotoluron gave effective control of L. multiflorum at dose of 2 kg/ha with less than 10% of mean of ryegrass plants/pot survived”
Claim · model-written summary
Isoproturon and methabenzthiazuron were less effective in controlling the weed, with more than 30% of L. multiflorum plants surviving.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Isoproturon and methabenzthiazurone3
- Interactor
- L. multiflorume3weed
- Outcome
- controlling the weede3
- Direction
- less effectivee3
- Value
- more than 30%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“herbicides in barley”
e3“Isoproturon and methabenzthiazuron were less effective in controlling the weed as more than 30% of L. multiflorum plants survived at different doses applied”
Claim · model-written summary
Postemergence diclofop-methyl achieved effective control of Italian ryegrass in barley even at 0.25 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- diclofop-methyle4
- Interactor
- Italian ryegrass
Lolium multiflorume4weed - Outcome
- control of Italian ryegrasse4
- Direction
- effectivee4
- Value
- 0.25 kg/hae4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“herbicides in barley”
e4“The herbicide diclofop-methyl achieved an effective control of Italian ryegrass associated with barley even at rates as low as 0.25 kg/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Diclofop-methyl at 1 kg/ha decreased ryegrass numbers and fresh weight significantly, with only few plants surviving.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- diclofop-methyle4
- Interactor
- L. multifloruime5weed
- Outcome
- ryegrass numbers and fresh weight (20 plants)/pote5
- Direction
- decreasede5
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“herbicides in barley”
e4“The herbicide diclofop-methyl achieved an effective control of Italian ryegrass associated with barley even at rates as low as 0.25 kg/ha”
e5“Mean of ryegrass numbers and fresh weight (20 plants)/pot were decreased significantly and only few plants of L. multifloruim survived at 1 kg/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Barley plants were not damaged by diclofopmethyl at any applied dose.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaree6
- Treatment
- diclofopmethyle6
- Outcome
- damagede6
- Direction
- not damagede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“herbicides in barley”
e6“Barley plants were not damaged by diclofopmethyl treatments at all applied doses”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin at 0.125 or 0.25 kg/ha had a significant effect on ryegrass numbers per pot and fresh weight.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Pendimethaline7
- Outcome
- ryegrass numbers/pote7
- Direction
- significant effecte7
- Qualifier
- P=0.05e7
LoliumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“herbicides in barley”
e7“Pendimethalin created a significant effect (P=0.05) on ryegrass numbers/pot or fresh weight (20 plants/pot) at doses, 0.125 or 0.25 kg/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin at 1 kg/ha gave about 40% reduction in weed numbers and fresh weight, indicating low control effect.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Pendimethaline7
- Outcome
- weed numbers/pote6
- Direction
- reductione6
- Value
- about 40%e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“herbicides in barley”
e7“Pendimethalin created a significant effect (P=0.05) on ryegrass numbers/pot or fresh weight (20 plants/pot) at doses, 0.125 or 0.25 kg/ha”
e6“However, at 1 kg/ha there was about 40% reduction in weed numbers/pot and its fresh weight (20 plants/pot), which indicate low control effect of this chemical”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin caused no evident damage to barley plants at any tested rate.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree7
- Treatment
- pendimethaline7
- Outcome
- damage to barley plantse7
- Direction
- no evidence of damagee7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“herbicides in barley”
e7“There was no evidence of damage to barley plants by pendimethalin at all tested rates”
The same questions in other papers
pendimethalin · pest · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
diclofop-methyl · growth · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →isoproturon · weed · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
6 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Methabenzthiazuron · weed · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.