Abstract
Proteomic approaches were applied to identify protein spots involved in cold responses in wheat. By comparing the differentially accumulated proteins from two cultivars (UC1110 and PI 610750) and their derivatives, as well as the F10 recombinant inbred line population differing in cold-tolerance, a total of 20 common protein spots representing 16 unique proteins were successfully identified using 2-DE method. Of these, 14 spots had significantly enhanced abundance in the cold-sensitive parental cultivar UC1110 and its 20 descendant lines when compared with the cold-tolerant parental cultivar PI 610750 and its 20 descendant lines. Six protein spots with reduced abundance were also detected. The identified protein spots are involved in stress/defense, carbohydrate metabolism, protein metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, energy metabolism, and photosynthesis. The 20 differentially expressed protein spots were chosen for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to investigate expression changes at the RNA level. The results indicated that the transcriptional expression patterns of 11 genes were consistent with their protein expression models. Among the three unknown proteins, Spot 20 (PAP6-like) showed high sequence similarities with PAP6. qRT-PCR results implied that cold and salt stresses increased the expression of PAP6-like in wheat leaves. Furthermore, VIGS (virus-induced gene silencing)-treated plants generated for PAP6-like were subjected to freezing stress, these plants had more serious droop and wilt, an increased rate of relative electrolyte leakage, reduced relative water content (RWC) and decreased tocopherol levels when compared with viral control plants. However, the plants that were silenced for the other two unknown proteins had no significant differences in comparison to the BSMV0-inoculated plants under freezing conditions. These results indicate that PAP6-like possibly plays an important role in conferring cold tolerance in wheat.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Proteomics identified 20 common spots representing 16 unique proteins associated with cold response.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume1 - Outcome
- common protein spotse0
- Value
- 20 common protein spotse0
- Qualifier
- 16 unique proteinse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a total of 20 common protein spots representing 16 unique proteins were successfully identified using 2-DE method.”
e1“cold responses in wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Fourteen spots had higher abundance in cold-sensitive UC1110 and descendants than in tolerant PI 610750 and descendants.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- UC1110e0
- Outcome
- abundancee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 14 spotse0
- Comparator
- PI 610750e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“14 spots had significantly enhanced abundance in the cold-sensitive parental cultivar UC1110 and its 20 descendant lines when compared with the cold-tolerant parental cultivar PI 610750 and its 20 descendant lines.”
e1“cold responses in wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Six protein spots showed reduced abundance.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Outcome
- protein spots with reduced abundancee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- Six protein spotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Six protein spots with reduced abundance were also detected.”
e1“cold responses in wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The identified spots represented stress and defense, carbohydrate, protein, nitrogen and energy metabolism, and photosynthesis.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Outcome
- stress/defense, carbohydrate metabolism, protein metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, energy metabolism, and photosynthesise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The identified protein spots are involved in stress/defense, carbohydrate metabolism, protein metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, energy metabolism, and photosynthesis.”
e1“cold responses in wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Eleven genes had transcription patterns consistent with their protein expression patterns.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Outcome
- transcriptional expression patternse0
- Value
- 11 genese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results indicated that the transcriptional expression patterns of 11 genes were consistent with their protein expression models.”
e1“cold responses in wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
PAP6-like showed high sequence similarity with PAP6.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Gene
- PAP6-likee0
- Outcome
- high sequence similarities with PAP6e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spot 20 (PAP6-like) showed high sequence similarities with PAP6.”
e1“cold responses in wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold stress increased PAP6-like expression in wheat leaves.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- colde0
- Gene
- PAP6-likee0
- Outcome
- expression of PAP6-likee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cold and salt stresses increased the expression of PAP6-like in wheat leaves.”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress increased PAP6-like expression in wheat leaves.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- salt stressese0
- Gene
- PAP6-likee0
- Outcome
- expression of PAP6-likee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cold and salt stresses increased the expression of PAP6-like in wheat leaves.”
Claim · model-written summary
PAP6-like silencing caused more severe droop and wilt under freezing stress than viral controls.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- VIGS (virus-induced gene silencing)e0
- Gene
- PAP6-likee0
- Outcome
- droop and wilte0
- Direction
- more seriouse0
- Qualifier
- freezing stresse0
- Comparator
- viral control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“VIGS (virus-induced gene silencing)-treated plants generated for PAP6-like were subjected to freezing stress, these plants had more serious droop and wilt, an increased rate of relative electrolyte leakage, reduced relative water content (RWC) and decreased tocopherol levels when compared with viral control plants.”
e1“cold responses in wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
PAP6-like silencing increased relative electrolyte leakage under freezing stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- VIGS (virus-induced gene silencing)e0
- Gene
- PAP6-likee0
- Outcome
- rate of relative electrolyte leakagee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- freezing stresse0
- Comparator
- viral control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“VIGS (virus-induced gene silencing)-treated plants generated for PAP6-like were subjected to freezing stress, these plants had more serious droop and wilt, an increased rate of relative electrolyte leakage, reduced relative water content (RWC) and decreased tocopherol levels when compared with viral control plants.”
e1“cold responses in wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
PAP6-like silencing reduced relative water content under freezing stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- VIGS (virus-induced gene silencing)e0
- Gene
- PAP6-likee0
- Outcome
- relative water content (RWC)e0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- freezing stresse0
- Comparator
- viral control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“VIGS (virus-induced gene silencing)-treated plants generated for PAP6-like were subjected to freezing stress, these plants had more serious droop and wilt, an increased rate of relative electrolyte leakage, reduced relative water content (RWC) and decreased tocopherol levels when compared with viral control plants.”
e1“cold responses in wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
PAP6-like silencing decreased tocopherol levels under freezing stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- VIGS (virus-induced gene silencing)e0
- Gene
- PAP6-likee0
- Outcome
- tocopherol levelse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- freezing stresse0
- Comparator
- viral control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“VIGS (virus-induced gene silencing)-treated plants generated for PAP6-like were subjected to freezing stress, these plants had more serious droop and wilt, an increased rate of relative electrolyte leakage, reduced relative water content (RWC) and decreased tocopherol levels when compared with viral control plants.”
e1“cold responses in wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing the other two unknown proteins showed no significant freezing phenotype differences.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- silenced for the other two unknown proteinse0
- Outcome
- differencese0
- Direction
- no significant differencese0
- Qualifier
- under freezing conditionse0
- Comparator
- BSMV0-inoculated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the plants that were silenced for the other two unknown proteins had no significant differences in comparison to the BSMV0-inoculated plants under freezing conditions.”
e1“cold responses in wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
PAP6-like may contribute to cold tolerance in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Gene
- PAP6-likee0
- Outcome
- cold tolerancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PAP6-like possibly plays an important role in conferring cold tolerance in wheat.”
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