Abstract
Tyrosine phosphorylation protein A (TypA/BipA) belongs to the ribosome-binding GTPase superfamily. In many bacterial species, TypA acts as a global stress and virulence regulator and also mediates resistance to the antimicrobial peptide bactericidal permeability-increasing protein. However, the function of TypA in plants under biotic stresses is not known. In this study, we isolated and functionally characterized a stress-responsive TypA gene (TaTypA) from wheat, with three copies located on chromosomes 6A, 6B, and 6D, respectively. Transient expression assays indicated chloroplast localization of TaTypA. The transcript levels of TaTypA were up-regulated in response to treatment with methyl viologen, which induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) in chloroplasts through photoreaction, cold stress, and infection by an avirulent strain of the stripe rust pathogen. Knock down of the expression of TaTypA through virus-induced gene silencing decreased the resistance of wheat to stripe rust accompanied by weakened ROS accumulation and hypersensitive response, an increase in TaCAT and TaSOD expression, and an increase in pathogen hyphal growth and branching. Our findings suggest that TaTypA contributes to resistance in an ROS-dependent manner.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat TaTypA has three copies on chromosomes 6A, 6B and 6D.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Gene
- TaTypAe0
- Outcome
- three copies located on chromosomes 6A, 6B, and 6De0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a stress-responsive TypA gene (TaTypA) from wheat, with three copies located on chromosomes 6A, 6B, and 6D, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
TaTypA localized to chloroplasts.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- TaTypAe0
- Outcome
- chloroplast localizatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Transient expression assays indicated chloroplast localization of TaTypA.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Methyl viologen, cold and avirulent stripe rust infection increased TaTypA transcript levels.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- methyl viologene0
- Interactor
- stripe rust pathogene0pathogen
- Gene
- TaTypAe0
- Outcome
- transcript levels of TaTypAe0
- Direction
- up-regulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The transcript levels of TaTypA were up-regulated in response to treatment with methyl viologen, which induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) in chloroplasts through photoreaction, cold stress, and infection by an avirulent strain of the stripe rust pathogen.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing TaTypA decreased wheat resistance to stripe rust.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- virus-induced gene silencinge0
- Interactor
- stripe ruste0pathogen
- Gene
- TaTypAe0
- Outcome
- resistance of wheat to stripe ruste0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Knock down of the expression of TaTypA through virus-induced gene silencing decreased the resistance of wheat to stripe rust”
Claim · model-written summary
TaTypA silencing weakened ROS accumulation and the hypersensitive response.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- virus-induced gene silencinge0
- Gene
- TaTypAe0
- Outcome
- ROS accumulation and hypersensitive responsee0
- Direction
- weakenede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Knock down of the expression of TaTypA through virus-induced gene silencing decreased the resistance of wheat to stripe rust accompanied by weakened ROS accumulation and hypersensitive response”
Claim · model-written summary
TaTypA silencing increased TaCAT and TaSOD expression.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Knock down of the expression of TaTypA through virus-induced gene silencinge1
- Gene
- TaCAT and TaSODe0
- Outcome
- TaCAT and TaSOD expressione0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an increase in TaCAT and TaSOD expression”
t0“wheat”
e1“Knock down of the expression of TaTypA through virus-induced gene silencing”
Claim · model-written summary
TaTypA silencing increased stripe rust hyphal growth and branching.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Knock down of the expression of TaTypA through virus-induced gene silencinge1
- Outcome
- pathogen hyphal growth and branchinge0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an increase in pathogen hyphal growth and branching.”
t0“wheat”
e1“Knock down of the expression of TaTypA through virus-induced gene silencing”
e2“infection by an avirulent strain of the stripe rust pathogen”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer TaTypA contributes to resistance through ROS.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- TaTypAe0
- Outcome
- resistancee0
- Qualifier
- ROS-dependent mannere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TaTypA contributes to resistance in an ROS-dependent manner.”
t0“Wheat”
The same questions in other papers
loss of function · physiology: oxidative · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
16 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
19 papers more in this group
See all 23 papers →transgenic · disease · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 23 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
26 papers more in this group
See all 30 papers →loss of function · disease · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
95 papers in the same direction as this paper · 81 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- positive
173 papers more in this group
See all 177 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.