Abstract
Abstract Direct-seeded bush beans, sweet corn, summer squash, and transplanted tomato and cabbage were grown under varying tillage and cropping systems in 1982 and 1983. Cultural treatments were conventional tillage (CT), no-tillage without cover crop (NT–CC), and no-tillage with a cover crop (NT + CC) of hairy vetch ( Vicia villosa ) in 1982 and perennial ryegrass ( Lolium multiflorum ) in 1983. Split applications of N were 56 and 112 kg·ha −1 in CT plots and 0, 56, and 112 kg·ha −1 in NT plots. Plant stand and yields of bush beans and sweet corn were highest in CT plots in both years. Plant stand of squash was less for CT in 1982, but greater for CT than for NT + CC in 1983. Yields of squash were similar, but plant dry weight was greater in CT than in NT + CC. Plant stand of tomato and cabbage for NT + CC was similar to CT in 1982, but cabbage stand was greatest for CT in 1983. Total tomato yields were greater for NT – CC in 1982 and similar to those for CT in 1983, but yields were greatly reduced for NT + CC in 1983. Only in 1982 were cabbage heads of certain treatments marketable and they were greatest for CT. Sidedressing bush bean, sweet corn, cabbage, and summer squash plants with N in NT – CC plots increased yields linearly in 1982. Of the crops grown by NT + CC, only yields of bush beans and cabbage in 1982 and green fruit of tomato in 1982 showed a linear increase by sidedressing with N. Sidedressing with N increased N contents of all crops linearly in 1982, but not in 1983. Weed control was excellent in CT sweet corn and satisfactory in CT and NT – CC plots of the other crops. For the other crops in NT + CC plots, most of the weed and/or cover crop growth was the regrowth of vetch in 1982 and perennial ryegrass in 1983 after weed control chemicals were applied.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Bush bean stand and yield were highest under conventional tillage in both years.
- Taxon
- bush beanse0
- Treatment
- CTe0
- Outcome
- Plant stand and yieldse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- both yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Plant stand and yields of bush beans and sweet corn were highest in CT plots in both years.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sweet corn stand and yield were highest under conventional tillage in both years.
- Taxon
- sweet corne0
- Treatment
- CTe0
- Outcome
- Plant stand and yieldse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- both yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Plant stand and yields of bush beans and sweet corn were highest in CT plots in both years.”
Claim · model-written summary
Squash stand was lower under conventional tillage in 1982.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Plant stand of squash was less for CT in 1982, but greater for CT than for NT + CC in 1983.”
Claim · model-written summary
Squash stand was greater under conventional tillage than no tillage with cover crop in 1983.
Verbatim
e0“Plant stand of squash was less for CT in 1982, but greater for CT than for NT + CC in 1983.”
Claim · model-written summary
Squash yields were similar across treatments.
Verbatim
e0“Yields of squash were similar, but plant dry weight was greater in CT than in NT + CC.”
Claim · model-written summary
Squash dry weight was greater under conventional tillage.
Verbatim
e0“Yields of squash were similar, but plant dry weight was greater in CT than in NT + CC.”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato stand with no tillage and cover crop resembled conventional tillage in 1982.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- NT + CCe0
- Outcome
- Plant stande0
- Direction
- similare0
- Qualifier
- 1982e0
- Comparator
- CTe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant stand of tomato and cabbage for NT + CC was similar to CT in 1982, but cabbage stand was greatest for CT in 1983.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cabbage stand with no tillage and cover crop resembled conventional tillage in 1982.
- Taxon
- cabbage
Brassica oleracea var. capitatae0 - Treatment
- NT + CCe0
- Outcome
- Plant stande0
- Direction
- similare0
- Qualifier
- 1982e0
- Comparator
- CTe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant stand of tomato and cabbage for NT + CC was similar to CT in 1982, but cabbage stand was greatest for CT in 1983.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cabbage stand was greatest under conventional tillage in 1983.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae0
- Treatment
- CTe0
- Outcome
- cabbage stande0
- Direction
- greateste0
- Qualifier
- 1983e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant stand of tomato and cabbage for NT + CC was similar to CT in 1982, but cabbage stand was greatest for CT in 1983.”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato yield was greater with no tillage and no cover crop in 1982.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- NT – CCe0
- Outcome
- Total tomato yieldse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Qualifier
- 1982e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total tomato yields were greater for NT – CC in 1982 and similar to those for CT in 1983, but yields were greatly reduced for NT + CC in 1983.”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato yield with no tillage and no cover crop was similar to conventional tillage in 1983.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- NT – CCe0
- Outcome
- Total tomato yieldse0
- Direction
- similare0
- Qualifier
- 1983e0
- Comparator
- CTe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total tomato yields were greater for NT – CC in 1982 and similar to those for CT in 1983, but yields were greatly reduced for NT + CC in 1983.”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato yield with no tillage and cover crop was greatly reduced in 1983.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- NT + CCe0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- greatly reducede0
- Qualifier
- 1983e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total tomato yields were greater for NT – CC in 1982 and similar to those for CT in 1983, but yields were greatly reduced for NT + CC in 1983.”
Claim · model-written summary
Marketable cabbage heads occurred only in 1982 and were greatest under conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae0
- Treatment
- CTe0
- Outcome
- cabbage headse0
- Direction
- greateste0
- Qualifier
- 1982e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Only in 1982 were cabbage heads of certain treatments marketable and they were greatest for CT.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen sidedressing linearly increased bush bean yield in no tillage plots without cover crop in 1982.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Sidedressing bush bean, sweet corn, cabbage, and summer squash plants with N in NT – CC plots increased yields linearly in 1982.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen sidedressing linearly increased sweet corn yield in no tillage plots without cover crop in 1982.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Sidedressing bush bean, sweet corn, cabbage, and summer squash plants with N in NT – CC plots increased yields linearly in 1982.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen sidedressing linearly increased cabbage yield in no tillage plots without cover crop in 1982.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae0
- Treatment
- Sidedressinge0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- NT – CC plotse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sidedressing bush bean, sweet corn, cabbage, and summer squash plants with N in NT – CC plots increased yields linearly in 1982.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen sidedressing linearly increased summer squash yield in no tillage plots without cover crop in 1982.
- Taxon
- summer squashe0
- Treatment
- Sidedressinge0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- NT – CC plotse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Sidedressing bush bean, sweet corn, cabbage, and summer squash plants with N in NT – CC plots increased yields linearly in 1982.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen sidedressing linearly increased yields of bush beans in no tillage cover crop plots in 1982.
- Taxon
- bush beanse0
- Treatment
- sidedressing with Ne0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- linear increasee0
- Qualifier
- NT + CCe0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Of the crops grown by NT + CC, only yields of bush beans and cabbage in 1982 and green fruit of tomato in 1982 showed a linear increase by sidedressing with N.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen sidedressing linearly increased yields of cabbage in no tillage cover crop plots in 1982.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae0
- Treatment
- sidedressing with Ne0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- linear increasee0
- Qualifier
- NT + CCe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Of the crops grown by NT + CC, only yields of bush beans and cabbage in 1982 and green fruit of tomato in 1982 showed a linear increase by sidedressing with N.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen sidedressing linearly increased green fruit of tomato in no tillage cover crop plots in 1982.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- sidedressing with Ne0
- Outcome
- green fruite0
- Direction
- linear increasee0
- Qualifier
- NT + CCe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Of the crops grown by NT + CC, only yields of bush beans and cabbage in 1982 and green fruit of tomato in 1982 showed a linear increase by sidedressing with N.”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.