Abstract
SUMMARY During 1973–8 six field experiments examined the effect of 0, 41, 82, 124, 166 and 207 kg N/ha with and without irrigation on the growth, yield and quality of sugar beet. The culture of the crops was planned to produce a large yield in order to determine the optimal nitrogen application for the above-average crops which many growers are now seeking to produce. Ammonium nitrate was used as the nitrogen source, broadcast in one dose before sowing as was recommended practice in the early 1970s. The growth of the crop was monitored from the seedling stage to harvest in December, as was nitrogen uptake by the crop, and water removal from the soil using a neutron probe. In 3 years when the weather was dry after drilling, the fertilizer significantly depressed the number of plants which established but plant weights showed that some nitrogen fertilizer was needed early for rapid seedling growth. Changes in the method of applying fertilizer for sugar beet are therefore suggested and are being tested. Soil analyses in the plough layer during establishment (May–June) indicated an optimum concentration of mineral nitrogen of about 40 mg N/kg soil at this stage. Nitrogen fertilizer was very important for a high yield; throughout the growth of the crop it greatly increased total dry-matter yield and at final harvest this was reflected in sugar yield. Considering the six years together, sugar yield was linearly related to both dry-matter yield and total nitrogen uptake. However, within a year, increasing nitrogen uptake above 200 kg N/ha with nitrogen fertilizer did not increase sugar yield; maximum yields of sugar each year were normally obtained with 125 kg N/ha fertilizer or less, and irrigation had little effect on the optimum amount. Explanations for the lack of responsiveness of sugar beet to greater applications of nitrogen fertilizer are being sought in further more detailed analyses of the crop and its environment.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer significantly depressed plant establishment in three years with dry weather after drilling.
- Taxon
- sugar beet
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0 - Treatment
- fertilizere0
- Outcome
- number of plants which establishede0
- Direction
- depressede0
- Qualifier
- In 3 years when the weather was dry after drillinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 3 years when the weather was dry after drilling, the fertilizer significantly depressed the number of plants which established”
t0“sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant weights indicated that early nitrogen fertilizer was needed for rapid seedling growth.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- nitrogen fertilizere0
- Outcome
- rapid seedling growthe0
- Qualifier
- needed earlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plant weights showed that some nitrogen fertilizer was needed early for rapid seedling growth.”
t0“sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest changes in sugar beet fertilizer application methods.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Outcome
- Changes in the method of applying fertilizere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Changes in the method of applying fertilizer for sugar beet are therefore suggested and are being tested.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil analyses indicated an optimum mineral nitrogen concentration of about 40 mg N/kg soil during establishment.
- Outcome
- concentration of mineral nitrogene0
- Direction
- optimume0
- Value
- about 40 mg N/kg soile0
- Qualifier
- during establishment (May–June)e0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Soil analyses in the plough layer during establishment (May–June) indicated an optimum concentration of mineral nitrogen of about 40 mg N/kg soil at this stage.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilizer greatly increased total dry-matter yield throughout growth.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen fertilizere0
- Outcome
- total dry-matter yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen fertilizer was very important for a high yield; throughout the growth of the crop it greatly increased total dry-matter yield and at final harvest this was reflected in sugar yield.”
t0“sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilizer increased sugar yield at final harvest.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen fertilizere0
- Outcome
- sugar yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- at final harveste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen fertilizer was very important for a high yield; throughout the growth of the crop it greatly increased total dry-matter yield and at final harvest this was reflected in sugar yield.”
t0“sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Across six years, sugar yield was linearly related to dry-matter yield and nitrogen uptake.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Outcome
- sugar yielde0
- Qualifier
- linearly related to both dry-matter yield and total nitrogen uptakee0
Not reportedTreatmentDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Considering the six years together, sugar yield was linearly related to both dry-matter yield and total nitrogen uptake.”
t0“sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Within a year, fertilizer-induced nitrogen uptake above 200 kg N/ha did not increase sugar yield.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- nitrogen fertilizere0
- Outcome
- sugar yielde0
- Direction
- did not increasee0
- Qualifier
- nitrogen uptake above 200 kg N/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“within a year, increasing nitrogen uptake above 200 kg N/ha with nitrogen fertilizer did not increase sugar yield”
t0“sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum annual sugar yields were normally obtained with 125 kg N/ha fertilizer or less.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- 125 kg N/ha fertilizer or lesse0
- Outcome
- yields of sugare0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Qualifier
- normallye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum yields of sugar each year were normally obtained with 125 kg N/ha fertilizer or less”
t0“sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation had little effect on the optimum nitrogen fertilizer amount.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- irrigatione0
- Outcome
- optimum amounte0
- Qualifier
- little effecte0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irrigation had little effect on the optimum amount.”
t0“sugar beet”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · quality: sugar starch · Beta vulgaris (beet)Results differ
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- negative
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236 papers in the same direction as this paper · 24 in the opposite direction · 6 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- no effect
- negative
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See all 267 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.