Abstract
The effect of combined application of organic manure and chemical fertilizers on N use efficiency(NUE) in paddy fields and the environmental effects in Hang jiahu area were studied by field experiments and 15N isotopic tracer.The results showed that combined use of 150 kg/hm2 nitrogen and 3 000 kg/hm2 organic manure improved the yield of rice by 9.8%~17.7%.The N use efficiency was 47.9%,and 4.8% higher than that of chemical fertilizers only.While combination of 210 kg/hm2 nitrogen and 3 000 kg/hm2 organic manure decreased the rice yield and NUE.Nitrate was the main type of nitrogen loss in paddy field.The applying of organic manure could effectively reduce the loss of nitrogen.On the condition of N application at the rate of 150 kg/hm2 nitrogen,addition of 3 000 kg/hm2 organic manure reduced the rate of nitrogen loss from 0.85% to 0.70% through runoff,and from 1.29% to 0.96% through leaching.When the nitrogen application was increased to 210 kg/hm2,addition of organic manure had no remarkable effects on reduceing the nitrogen loss.Based on the soil properties tested,the target rice yield to be obtained and the potential environmental impact,a combination of 3 000 kg/hm2 organic manure with 150 kg/hm2 nitrogen for the Hangjiahu area was recommended.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Combined 150 kg/hm2 nitrogen and 3 000 kg/hm2 organic manure improved rice yield by 9.8% to 17.7%.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- combined use of 150 kg/hm2 nitrogen and 3 000 kg/hm2 organic manuree0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 9.8%~17.7%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“combined use of 150 kg/hm2 nitrogen and 3 000 kg/hm2 organic manure improved the yield of rice by 9.8%~17.7%”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen use efficiency was 47.9% in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- N use efficiencye1
- Value
- 47.9%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“combined use of 150 kg/hm2 nitrogen and 3 000 kg/hm2 organic manure improved the yield of rice by 9.8%~17.7%”
e1“The N use efficiency was 47.9%,and 4.8% higher than that of chemical fertilizers only”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen use efficiency with combined 150 kg/hm2 nitrogen and organic manure was 4.8% higher than with chemical fertilizers only.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- combined use of 150 kg/hm2 nitrogen and 3 000 kg/hm2 organic manuree0
- Outcome
- N use efficiencye1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 4.8%e1
- Comparator
- chemical fertilizers onlye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“combined use of 150 kg/hm2 nitrogen and 3 000 kg/hm2 organic manure improved the yield of rice by 9.8%~17.7%”
e1“The N use efficiency was 47.9%,and 4.8% higher than that of chemical fertilizers only”
Claim · model-written summary
Combining 210 kg/hm2 nitrogen with 3 000 kg/hm2 organic manure decreased rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Treatment
- combination of 210 kg/hm2 nitrogen and 3 000 kg/hm2 organic manuree2
- Outcome
- rice yield and NUEe2
- Direction
- decreasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“While combination of 210 kg/hm2 nitrogen and 3 000 kg/hm2 organic manure decreased the rice yield and NUE”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrate was the main type of nitrogen loss in paddy fields.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e3“Nitrate was the main type of nitrogen loss in paddy field”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic manure at 3 000 kg/hm2 reduced nitrogen loss through runoff from 0.85% to 0.70% at 150 kg/hm2 nitrogen.
- Treatment
- addition of 3 000 kg/hm2 organic manuree4
- Outcome
- rate of nitrogen losse4
- Direction
- reducede4
- Value
- 0.85% to 0.70%e4
- Qualifier
- On the condition of N application at the rate of 150 kg/hm2 nitrogene4
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e4“On the condition of N application at the rate of 150 kg/hm2 nitrogen,addition of 3 000 kg/hm2 organic manure reduced the rate of nitrogen loss from 0.85% to 0.70% through runoff”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic manure at 3 000 kg/hm2 reduced nitrogen loss through leaching from 1.29% to 0.96% at 150 kg/hm2 nitrogen.
- Treatment
- addition of 3 000 kg/hm2 organic manuree5
- Outcome
- rate of nitrogen losse5
- Direction
- reducede5
- Value
- 1.29% to 0.96%e5
- Qualifier
- On the condition of N application at the rate of 150 kg/hm2 nitrogene5
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e5“On the condition of N application at the rate of 150 kg/hm2 nitrogen,addition of 3 000 kg/hm2 organic manure reduced the rate of nitrogen loss from 0.85% to 0.70% through runoff, and from 1.29% to 0.96% through leaching”
Claim · model-written summary
At 210 kg/hm2 nitrogen, organic manure had no remarkable effect on nitrogen loss.
- Treatment
- addition of organic manuree7
- Outcome
- nitrogen losse7
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede7
- Qualifier
- When the nitrogen application was increased to 210 kg/hm2e7
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e7“When the nitrogen application was increased to 210 kg/hm2,addition of organic manure had no remarkable effects on reduceing the nitrogen loss”
Claim · model-written summary
A combination of 3 000 kg/hm2 organic manure with 150 kg/hm2 nitrogen is recommended for rice in the Hangjiahu area.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae6
- Outcome
- combination of 3 000 kg/hm2 organic manure with 150 kg/hm2 nitrogene6
- Setting
- Hangjiahu areae6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Based on the soil properties tested,the target rice yield to be obtained and the potential environmental impact,a combination of 3 000 kg/hm2 organic manure with 150 kg/hm2 nitrogen for the Hangjiahu area was recommended”
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