Abstract
To study the effects of bottle gourd rootstock-grafting on the contents of ions and endogenous hormones in different parts of watermelon seedlings under NaCl stress,we used the salt-sensitive watermelon cultivar‘Xiuli'as the scion,the salt-tolerant bottle gourd cultivar‘Chaofeng Kangshengwang'as the rootstock in this study.The self-grafted watermelon seedlings were used to be the references to avoid the procedural errors induced by grafting.Results showed that:(1)Most Na+was accumulated in the shoots of self-grafted seedlings while most of Na+was stored in the roots of bottle gourd in rootstock-grafted seedling under NaCl stress.The contents of K+and the ratio of K+/Na+were significantly decreasedunder salt stress in both self-grafted and rootstock-grafted seedlings.However,rootstock-grafted seedling had much higher K+contents and the ratio of K+/Na+as compared with self-grafted seedling under salt stress.(2)The content of indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)and the total contents of zeatin and zeatin riboside(Z+ZR)were significantly increased in the roots and the shoots of the scion,while they were significantly decreased in the leaves of self-grafted seedlings under salt stress.The content of gibberellins(GA3)was kept in the same level or enhanced by salt stress in self-grafted seedlings under salt stress.As regard to the rootstock-grafted seedlings,the contents of IAA and(Z+ZR)were increased under salt stress in all the organs while the content of GA3 was reduced under salt stress in all the organs except the leaves.(3)The content of abscisic acid(ABA)was significantly decreased in the roots and shoots while it was remarkable increased in the leaves of self-grafted and rootstock-grafted seedling under salt stress.(4)The ratio of IAA/(Z+ZR)in the roots and the shoots of the scions were significantly increased while it was decreased in the leaves in both self-grafted and rootstock-grafted seedlings under salt stress.However,the increased and decreased extents induced by salt stress in rootstock-grafted seedling were much higher than those in the selfgrafted seedlings.These results described above demonstrated that the roots of bottle gourd could play a role of trapping the Na+under salt stress and then stopped the most Na+flowing into the shoots,especially in the leaves of the watermelon scions.This might play an important role in stopping from the occurrence of the ion toxic in the rootstock-grafted seedlings under NaCl stress.On the other hand,the bottle gourd rootstock-grafted seedlings could maintain a much higher content of K+and a higher ratio of K+/Na+in all the organs as compared with self-grafted seedlings.This could do the favor to maintain the ion homeostasis for a plant exposed to the salt stress.Furthermore,bottle gourd rootstock-grafted seedlings had much higher contents of IAA and(Z+ZR)and a much higher ratio of IAA/(Z+ZR)in all the organs than those of self-grafted seedling under salt stress.This might also take part in the salt adaptation of grafted-watermelon seedlings under NaCl stress.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Under salt stress, sodium accumulated mainly in self-grafted shoots.
- Taxon
- watermelon
Citrullus lanatust0 - Material
- self-grafted seedlingse0
- Organ / stage
- shootse0
- Outcome
- Na+was accumulated in the shootse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Most Na+was accumulated in the shoots of self-grafted seedlings”
t0“Watermelon Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Under salt stress, sodium was stored mainly in bottle gourd roots of rootstock-grafted seedlings.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- rootstock-grafted seedling under NaCl stresse0
- Outcome
- Na+was stored in the roots of bottle gourde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“most of Na+was stored in the roots of bottle gourd in rootstock-grafted seedling under NaCl stress.”
t0“Watermelon Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress significantly reduced potassium content in both graft types.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- K+e0
- Direction
- decreasedundere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The contents of K+and the ratio of K+/Na+were significantly decreasedunder salt stress in both self-grafted and rootstock-grafted seedlings.”
t0“Watermelon Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress significantly reduced the potassium-to-sodium ratio in both graft types.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- ratio of K+/Na+e0
- Direction
- decreasedundere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The contents of K+and the ratio of K+/Na+were significantly decreasedunder salt stress in both self-grafted and rootstock-grafted seedlings.”
t0“Watermelon Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Rootstock-grafted seedlings had higher potassium content than self-grafted seedlings under salt stress.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- rootstock-grafted seedlinge0
- Outcome
- K+contentse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- self-grafted seedlinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rootstock-grafted seedling had much higher K+contents and the ratio of K+/Na+as compared with self-grafted seedling under salt stress.”
t0“Watermelon Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Rootstock-grafted seedlings had a higher potassium-to-sodium ratio under salt stress.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- rootstock-grafted seedlinge0
- Outcome
- ratio of K+/Na+e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- self-grafted seedlinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rootstock-grafted seedling had much higher K+contents and the ratio of K+/Na+as compared with self-grafted seedling under salt stress.”
t0“Watermelon Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress increased IAA in roots and shoots of self-grafted scions.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Organ / stage
- roots and the shoots of the scione0
- Treatment
- salt stresse1
- Outcome
- content of indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The content of indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)and the total contents of zeatin and zeatin riboside(Z+ZR)were significantly increased in the roots and the shoots of the scion”
e1“self-grafted seedlings under salt stress.The content of gibberellins”
t0“Watermelon Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress increased Z and ZR in roots and shoots of self-grafted scions.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Outcome
- total contents of zeatin and zeatin riboside(Z+ZR)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the total contents of zeatin and zeatin riboside(Z+ZR)were significantly increased in the roots and the shoots of the scion”
t0“Watermelon Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress decreased IAA and Z+ZR in self-grafted leaves.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- theye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while they were significantly decreased in the leaves of self-grafted seedlings under salt stress.”
t0“Watermelon Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress maintained or increased GA3 in self-grafted seedlings.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- content of gibberellins(GA3)e0
- Direction
- kept in the same level or enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The content of gibberellins(GA3)was kept in the same level or enhanced by salt stress in self-grafted seedlings under salt stress.”
t0“Watermelon Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress increased IAA and Z+ZR in all organs of rootstock-grafted seedlings.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Organ / stage
- all the organse0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- contents of IAA and(Z+ZR)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the contents of IAA and(Z+ZR)were increased under salt stress in all the organs”
t0“Watermelon Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced GA3 in rootstock-grafted organs except leaves.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Organ / stage
- all the organs except the leavese0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- content of GA3e0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the content of GA3 was reduced under salt stress in all the organs except the leaves.”
t0“Watermelon Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress decreased ABA in roots and shoots of both graft types.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Organ / stage
- roots and shootse0
- Treatment
- salt stresse1
- Outcome
- content of abscisic acid(ABA)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The content of abscisic acid(ABA)was significantly decreased in the roots and shoots”
e1“self-grafted and rootstock-grafted seedling under salt stress.”
t0“Watermelon Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress increased ABA in leaves of both graft types.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- ite0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it was remarkable increased in the leaves of self-grafted and rootstock-grafted seedling under salt stress.”
t0“Watermelon Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress increased the IAA to Z+ZR ratio in scion roots and shoots.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Organ / stage
- roots and the shoots of the scionse0
- Treatment
- salt stresse1
- Outcome
- ratio of IAA/(Z+ZR)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The ratio of IAA/(Z+ZR)in the roots and the shoots of the scions were significantly increased”
e1“both self-grafted and rootstock-grafted seedlings under salt stress.However”
t0“Watermelon Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress decreased the IAA to Z+ZR ratio in leaves.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- ite0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while it was decreased in the leaves in both self-grafted and rootstock-grafted seedlings under salt stress.”
t0“Watermelon Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt-induced changes in the IAA to Z+ZR ratio were larger with rootstock grafting.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- rootstock-grafted seedlinge0
- Outcome
- increased and decreased extentse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- selfgrafted seedlingse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the increased and decreased extents induced by salt stress in rootstock-grafted seedling were much higher than those in the selfgrafted seedlings.”
t0“Watermelon Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Bottle gourd roots trapped sodium and limited its movement to watermelon shoots.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse0
- Organ / stage
- roots of bottle gourde0
- Outcome
- stopped the most Na+flowing into the shootse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the roots of bottle gourd could play a role of trapping the Na+under salt stress and then stopped the most Na+flowing into the shoots,especially in the leaves of the watermelon scions.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rootstock-grafted seedlings maintained higher potassium content and K+/Na+ ratio than self-grafted seedlings across organs.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- bottle gourd rootstock-grafted seedlingse0
- Outcome
- content of K+and a higher ratio of K+/Na+e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- self-grafted seedlingse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“bottle gourd rootstock-grafted seedlings could maintain a much higher content of K+and a higher ratio of K+/Na+in all the organs as compared with self-grafted seedlings.”
t0“Watermelon Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Rootstock-grafted seedlings had higher IAA, Z+ZR and their ratio across organs under salt stress.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- bottle gourd rootstock-grafted seedlingse0
- Outcome
- contents of IAA and(Z+ZR)and a much higher ratio of IAA/(Z+ZR)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- self-grafted seedlinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“bottle gourd rootstock-grafted seedlings had much higher contents of IAA and(Z+ZR)and a much higher ratio of IAA/(Z+ZR)in all the organs than those of self-grafted seedling under salt stress.”
t0“Watermelon Seedlings”
The same questions in other papers
grafting · physiology: ion balance · Citrullus lanatus (watermelon)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
salinity · physiology: ion balance · Citrullus lanatus (watermelon)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.