Abstract
Barnyard grass,Echinochloa crus-galli,is one of the notorious weeds worldwide.To explore the potential of Alternaria augustiovoidea strain AAEC05-3 as mycoherbicide to control barnyard grass,the effect of inoculum potential and spray volume on the pathogenicity of strain AAEC05-3 to barnyard grass and host specificity of strain were studied using pot experiment.The inoculum potential and spray volume significantly affected the pathogenic efficiency.When the barnyard grass was inoculated with 1×106 spore/mL,the strain inhibited the growth of barnyard grass at 85.32%.At the spray volume up to 150mL/m2,the inhibition of strain against growth of barnyard grass arrived at 91.84%.At spray volumes over 150mL/m2,the inhibition of strain AAEC05-3 to growth of barnyard grass show a decreasing utility.The strain did not infect rice,soybean,sunflower and mung bean,then wheat,maize and yellow corn were susceptible to the strain.The strain has the characteristic of host selective-specificity.One herbicide activity compound was isolated from the crude toxin by column chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The compound has an ultraviolet absorbent peak at 243nm and 281.5nm.The phytotoxin could be isolated by using C18 column and gradient elution of methanol/H2O(60 ∶40).The phytotoxin could completely inhibit seed germination of barnyard grass at concentration of 100mg/L.At concentration of 100mg/L,the growth of barnyard grass was strongly inhibited by the phytotoxin and the inhibition achieved at 76%.It was indicated that the strain AAEC05-3 could be used as potential mycoherbicide against barnyard grass.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculum potential and spray volume significantly affected pathogenic efficiency against barnyard grass.
- Taxon
- Echinochloa crus-galli
Echinochloa crus-gallit0 - Treatment
- inoculum potential and spray volumee0
- Outcome
- pathogenic efficiencye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The inoculum potential and spray volume significantly affected the pathogenic efficiency.”
t0“Echinochloa crus-galli”
Claim · model-written summary
Strain inoculation at 1×106 spore/mL inhibited barnyard grass growth by 85.32%.
- Taxon
- Echinochloa crus-galliEchinochloa crus-gallit0
- Treatment
- inoculated with 1×106 spore/mLe0
- Interactor
- Alternaria augustiovoidea strain AAEC05-3e1biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- growth of barnyard grasse0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Value
- 85.32%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When the barnyard grass was inoculated with 1×106 spore/mL,the strain inhibited the growth of barnyard grass at 85.32%.”
t0“Echinochloa crus-galli”
e1“Alternaria augustiovoidea strain AAEC05-3”
Claim · model-written summary
Spraying up to 150mL/m2 inhibited barnyard grass growth by 91.84%.
- Taxon
- Echinochloa crus-galliEchinochloa crus-gallit0
- Treatment
- spray volume up to 150mL/m2e0
- Outcome
- growth of barnyard grasse0
- Direction
- inhibitione0
- Value
- 91.84%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the spray volume up to 150mL/m2,the inhibition of strain against growth of barnyard grass arrived at 91.84%.”
t0“Echinochloa crus-galli”
Claim · model-written summary
Above 150mL/m2, AAEC05-3 showed decreasing growth inhibition.
- Taxon
- Echinochloa crus-galliEchinochloa crus-gallit0
- Treatment
- spray volumes over 150mL/m2e0
- Outcome
- inhibition of strain AAEC05-3 to growth of barnyard grasse0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At spray volumes over 150mL/m2,the inhibition of strain AAEC05-3 to growth of barnyard grass show a decreasing utility.”
t0“Echinochloa crus-galli”
Claim · model-written summary
rice was not infected by the strain.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Outcome
- did not infecte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The strain did not infect rice,soybean,sunflower and mung bean,then wheat,maize and yellow corn were susceptible to the strain.”
Claim · model-written summary
soybean was not infected by the strain.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Outcome
- did not infecte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The strain did not infect rice,soybean,sunflower and mung bean,then wheat,maize and yellow corn were susceptible to the strain.”
Claim · model-written summary
sunflower was not infected by the strain.
- Taxon
- sunflower
Helianthus annuuse0 - Outcome
- did not infecte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The strain did not infect rice,soybean,sunflower and mung bean,then wheat,maize and yellow corn were susceptible to the strain.”
Claim · model-written summary
mung bean was not infected by the strain.
- Taxon
- mung bean
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Vigna radiatae0 - Outcome
- did not infecte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The strain did not infect rice,soybean,sunflower and mung bean,then wheat,maize and yellow corn were susceptible to the strain.”
Claim · model-written summary
wheat was susceptible to the strain.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Outcome
- susceptible to the straine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The strain did not infect rice,soybean,sunflower and mung bean,then wheat,maize and yellow corn were susceptible to the strain.”
Claim · model-written summary
maize was susceptible to the strain.
- Outcome
- susceptible to the straine0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The strain did not infect rice,soybean,sunflower and mung bean,then wheat,maize and yellow corn were susceptible to the strain.”
Claim · model-written summary
yellow corn was susceptible to the strain.
Verbatim
e0“The strain did not infect rice,soybean,sunflower and mung bean,then wheat,maize and yellow corn were susceptible to the strain.”
Claim · model-written summary
A herbicidal compound was isolated from the strain crude toxin.
- Taxon
- Echinochloa crus-galliEchinochloa crus-gallit0
- Outcome
- One herbicide activity compounde0
- Qualifier
- crude toxine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“One herbicide activity compound was isolated from the crude toxin by column chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).”
t0“Echinochloa crus-galli”
Claim · model-written summary
The isolated compound had an ultraviolet absorbance peak at 243nm.
- Taxon
- Echinochloa crus-galliEchinochloa crus-gallit0
- Outcome
- ultraviolet absorbent peake0
- Value
- 243nme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The compound has an ultraviolet absorbent peak at 243nm and 281.5nm.”
t0“Echinochloa crus-galli”
Claim · model-written summary
The isolated compound had an ultraviolet absorbance peak at 281.5nm.
- Taxon
- Echinochloa crus-galliEchinochloa crus-gallit0
- Outcome
- ultraviolet absorbent peake0
- Value
- 281.5nme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The compound has an ultraviolet absorbent peak at 243nm and 281.5nm.”
t0“Echinochloa crus-galli”
Claim · model-written summary
At 100mg/L the phytotoxin completely inhibited barnyard grass seed germination.
- Taxon
- Echinochloa crus-galliEchinochloa crus-gallit0
- Treatment
- phytotoxine0
- Outcome
- seed germination of barnyard grasse0
- Direction
- completely inhibite0
- Value
- 100mg/Le0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The phytotoxin could completely inhibit seed germination of barnyard grass at concentration of 100mg/L.”
t0“Echinochloa crus-galli”
Claim · model-written summary
The phytotoxin at 100mg/L inhibited barnyard grass growth by 76%.
- Taxon
- Echinochloa crus-galliEchinochloa crus-gallit0
- Treatment
- phytotoxine0
- Outcome
- growth of barnyard grasse0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Value
- 76%e0
- Qualifier
- 100mg/Le0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At concentration of 100mg/L,the growth of barnyard grass was strongly inhibited by the phytotoxin and the inhibition achieved at 76%.”
t0“Echinochloa crus-galli”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors proposed AAEC05-3 as a potential mycoherbicide against barnyard grass.
- Taxon
- Echinochloa crus-galliEchinochloa crus-gallit0
- Outcome
- potential mycoherbicide against barnyard grasse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It was indicated that the strain AAEC05-3 could be used as potential mycoherbicide against barnyard grass.”
t0“Echinochloa crus-galli”
The same questions in other papers
pathogen product · growth · Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
inoculation · growth · Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
application · growth · Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.