Abstract
SummaryFive species of one year old potted fruit trees (plum, sour and sweet cherries, apricot and pear) were treated once only, with two growth inhibitors at two doses, or with benzyladenine, (BA) at the surface of the collar (the vascular transition region) and at the mid-stem, to diminish growth and enhance fruiting. Paclobutrazol P, (15 mg per tree) and 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid, TIBA (3.5 mg per tree) significantly reduced shoot length in all five and two fruit species, respectively, over three consecutive years. The plum trees cv. Early Prune and sour cherry trees cv. Ujfehertoi Furtos were most responsive to P and TIBA applications to the collar. The length of the shoots was reduced to almost one third with P and to half with TIBA compared with the controls in both species. Fruiting of the plum trees treated with P on the collar increased four-fold. When calculated on the basis of tree size, fruiting was still higher compared with that of larger control trees. Plum and sour cherry trees reduced in size by TIBA treated on the collar also showed similar results. An advance in flowering time in pear trees and an apparent reduction in number of flowers (due to the reduced tree size) were observed in sweet cherry and apricot trees after P application on the collar. The TIBA treatment on the collar at a dose of 7 mg per tree markedly increased flowering of the sweet cherry trees but did not affect that of the apricot and pear trees. Also, treatment with BA did not affect shoot elongation or flowering but extended the growth period of the plum and apricot trees. The growth inhibitors, when applied to the mid-stem, affected neither shoot length nor flowering or fruiting of four fruit species, the exception being the sour cherry trees whose growth was significantly depressed. The results indicate that the collar tissue of fruit trees, especially of plum and sour cherry species, is a sensitive region of the trunk and the most suitable location for influencing tree growth and fruiting. The minute amounts of the growth regulators applied are not hazardous to consumers or to the environment, as they are separated in time and place from fruiting in subsequent years and are applied to the tree not to the soil.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Paclobutrazol (15 mg per tree) significantly reduced shoot length in all five fruit tree species over three consecutive years.
- Taxon
- fruit speciese0
- Treatment
- Paclobutrazol P, (15 mg per tree)e0
- Outcome
- shoot lengthe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- over three consecutive yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Paclobutrazol P, (15 mg per tree) and 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid, TIBA (3.5 mg per tree) significantly reduced shoot length in all five and two fruit species, respectively, over three consecutive years”
Claim · model-written summary
TIBA (3.5 mg per tree) significantly reduced shoot length in two of the fruit species over three consecutive years.
- Taxon
- fruit speciese0
- Treatment
- 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid, TIBA (3.5 mg per tree)e0
- Outcome
- shoot lengthe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- over three consecutive yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Paclobutrazol P, (15 mg per tree) and 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid, TIBA (3.5 mg per tree) significantly reduced shoot length in all five and two fruit species, respectively, over three consecutive years”
Claim · model-written summary
In plum cv. Early Prune and sour cherry cv. Ujfehertoi Furtos, collar application of P reduced shoot length to almost one third of the controls.
- Taxon
- plum trees cv. Early Prune and sour cherry trees cv. Ujfehertoi Furtos
Prunus domesticae1 - Treatment
- Pe2
- Outcome
- length of the shootse2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Value
- almost one thirde2
- Comparator
- the controlse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The plum trees cv. Early Prune and sour cherry trees cv. Ujfehertoi Furtos were most responsive to P and TIBA applications to the collar”
e2“The length of the shoots was reduced to almost one third with P and to half with TIBA compared with the controls in both species”
Claim · model-written summary
In plum cv. Early Prune and sour cherry cv. Ujfehertoi Furtos, collar application of TIBA reduced shoot length to half of the controls.
- Taxon
- plum trees cv. Early Prune and sour cherry trees cv. Ujfehertoi FurtosPrunus domesticae1
- Treatment
- TIBAe2
- Outcome
- length of the shootse2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Value
- halfe2
- Comparator
- the controlse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The plum trees cv. Early Prune and sour cherry trees cv. Ujfehertoi Furtos were most responsive to P and TIBA applications to the collar”
e2“The length of the shoots was reduced to almost one third with P and to half with TIBA compared with the controls in both species”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruiting of plum trees treated with P on the collar increased four-fold.
- Taxon
- plum treesPrunus domesticae3
- Treatment
- P on the collare3
- Outcome
- Fruitinge3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- four-folde3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Fruiting of the plum trees treated with P on the collar increased four-fold”
Claim · model-written summary
When calculated on the basis of tree size, fruiting of the treated trees was still higher than that of the larger control trees.
- Outcome
- fruitinge4
- Direction
- highere4
- Qualifier
- When calculated on the basis of tree sizee4
- Comparator
- larger control treese4
Not reportedTaxonTreatment
Verbatim
e4“When calculated on the basis of tree size, fruiting was still higher compared with that of larger control trees”
Claim · model-written summary
P applied on the collar advanced flowering time in pear trees.
- Taxon
- pear trees
_Poirier_Fleurs_et_feuilles.jpg?width=60)
Pyrus communise5 - Treatment
- P application on the collare5
- Outcome
- flowering timee5
- Direction
- advancee5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Poirier_Fleurs_et_feuilles.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e5“An advance in flowering time in pear trees and an apparent reduction in number of flowers (due to the reduced tree size) were observed in sweet cherry and apricot trees after P application on the collar”
Claim · model-written summary
P applied on the collar was followed by an apparent reduction in number of flowers in sweet cherry trees, attributed to the reduced tree size.
- Taxon
- sweet cherry
Prunus aviume5 - Treatment
- P application on the collare5
- Outcome
- number of flowerse5
- Direction
- reductione5
- Qualifier
- due to the reduced tree sizee5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“An advance in flowering time in pear trees and an apparent reduction in number of flowers (due to the reduced tree size) were observed in sweet cherry and apricot trees after P application on the collar”
Claim · model-written summary
P applied on the collar was followed by an apparent reduction in number of flowers in apricot trees, attributed to the reduced tree size.
- Taxon
- apricot
Prunus armeniacae5 - Treatment
- P application on the collare5
- Outcome
- number of flowerse5
- Direction
- reductione5
- Qualifier
- due to the reduced tree sizee5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“An advance in flowering time in pear trees and an apparent reduction in number of flowers (due to the reduced tree size) were observed in sweet cherry and apricot trees after P application on the collar”
Claim · model-written summary
TIBA applied on the collar at 7 mg per tree markedly increased flowering of sweet cherry trees.
- Taxon
- sweet cherry treesPrunus aviume6
- Treatment
- TIBA treatment on the collar at a dose of 7 mg per treee6
- Outcome
- floweringe6
- Direction
- increasede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“The TIBA treatment on the collar at a dose of 7 mg per tree markedly increased flowering of the sweet cherry trees but did not affect that of the apricot and pear trees”
Claim · model-written summary
TIBA applied on the collar at 7 mg per tree did not affect flowering of apricot trees.
- Taxon
- apricotPrunus armeniacae6
- Treatment
- TIBA treatment on the collar at a dose of 7 mg per treee6
- Outcome
- floweringe6
- Direction
- did not affecte6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“The TIBA treatment on the collar at a dose of 7 mg per tree markedly increased flowering of the sweet cherry trees but did not affect that of the apricot and pear trees”
Claim · model-written summary
TIBA applied on the collar at 7 mg per tree did not affect flowering of pear trees.
- Taxon
- pearPyrus communise6
- Treatment
- TIBA treatment on the collar at a dose of 7 mg per treee6
- Outcome
- floweringe6
- Direction
- did not affecte6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“The TIBA treatment on the collar at a dose of 7 mg per tree markedly increased flowering of the sweet cherry trees but did not affect that of the apricot and pear trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment with BA did not affect shoot elongation or flowering.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e7“treatment with BA did not affect shoot elongation or flowering but extended the growth period of the plum and apricot trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment with BA extended the growth period of plum trees.
- Taxon
- plumPrunus domesticae7
- Treatment
- BAe7
- Outcome
- growth periode7
- Direction
- extendede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“treatment with BA did not affect shoot elongation or flowering but extended the growth period of the plum and apricot trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment with BA extended the growth period of apricot trees.
- Taxon
- apricotPrunus armeniacae7
- Treatment
- BAe7
- Outcome
- growth periode7
- Direction
- extendede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“treatment with BA did not affect shoot elongation or flowering but extended the growth period of the plum and apricot trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth inhibitors applied to the mid-stem affected neither shoot length nor flowering or fruiting in four of the fruit species.
- Taxon
- four fruit speciese0
- Treatment
- growth inhibitors, when applied to the mid-steme0
- Outcome
- shoot length nor flowering or fruitinge0
- Direction
- affected neithere0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The growth inhibitors, when applied to the mid-stem, affected neither shoot length nor flowering or fruiting of four fruit species, the exception being the sour cherry trees whose growth was significantly depressed”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth inhibitors applied to the mid-stem significantly depressed the growth of sour cherry trees.
- Taxon
- sour cherry trees
Prunus cerasuse0 - Treatment
- growth inhibitors, when applied to the mid-steme0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- depressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth inhibitors, when applied to the mid-stem, affected neither shoot length nor flowering or fruiting of four fruit species, the exception being the sour cherry trees whose growth was significantly depressed”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that the collar tissue of fruit trees, especially plum and sour cherry, is a sensitive trunk region and the most suitable location for influencing tree growth and fruiting.
Verbatim
e0“the collar tissue of fruit trees, especially of plum and sour cherry species, is a sensitive region of the trunk and the most suitable location for influencing tree growth and fruiting”
The same questions in other papers
N-benzyladenine · growth · Prunus armeniaca (apricot)Positive and negative results
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- no effect
- negative
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See all 11 papers →N-benzyladenine · growth · Prunus domestica (plum)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.