Abstract
Using Norin No.41 of rice or Tohoku No.104 of wheat, effect of pyruvate, succinate and glycolate on the growth of seedlings supplied with ammonium or nitrate were studied. The results are summarized as follows : 1. Rice (Table 2 and 3) The growth of top, seminal root and crown root was promoted by the three organic acids. Ammonium enhanced the growth of top, but inhibited the growth of seminal and crown roots. Nitrate accelerated the growth of top, seminal root and crown root. In the mixture of each one of organic acids and either ammonium or nitrate, the growth of top was not affected, however, seminal root was facilitated. The growth of crown root was especially enhanced in the mixture of organic acids and ammonium. 2. Wheat (Table 4 and 5) The promoting effects were found on the top and seminal root in pyruvate and succinate treatments but not in glycolate. The growth of top was enhanced by nitrate, but seminal root was not affected by ammonium or nitrate. The growth of top was also progressed in case of the mixture of either pyruvate or succinated and ammonium, and, on the other hand, that of seminal root was promoted in the mixture of both ammonium and nitrate with every organic acid, excepting in combination of nitrate with glycolate. From above results, it was found that influences on the growth in accordance with these organic acids were greater in rice than in wheat, and the effect of glycolate on the growth of rice differed from that of wheat.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Pyruvate promoted rice top and root growth.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- pyruvatee1
- Outcome
- growth of top, seminal root and crown roote0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth of top, seminal root and crown root was promoted by the three organic acids.”
e1“pyruvate, succinate and glycolate”
t0“rice and wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Succinate promoted rice top and root growth.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- succinatee1
- Outcome
- growth of top, seminal root and crown roote0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth of top, seminal root and crown root was promoted by the three organic acids.”
e1“pyruvate, succinate and glycolate”
t0“rice and wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Glycolate promoted rice top and root growth.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- glycolatee1
- Outcome
- growth of top, seminal root and crown roote0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth of top, seminal root and crown root was promoted by the three organic acids.”
e1“pyruvate, succinate and glycolate”
t0“rice and wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium enhanced rice top growth but inhibited seminal and crown root growth.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Ammoniume0
- Outcome
- growth of tope0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ammonium enhanced the growth of top, but inhibited the growth of seminal and crown roots.”
t0“rice and wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium inhibited rice seminal and crown root growth.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Ammoniume0
- Outcome
- growth of seminal and crown rootse0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ammonium enhanced the growth of top, but inhibited the growth of seminal and crown roots.”
t0“rice and wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrate accelerated rice top, seminal root and crown root growth.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Nitratee0
- Outcome
- growth of top, seminal root and crown roote0
- Direction
- acceleratede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrate accelerated the growth of top, seminal root and crown root.”
t0“rice and wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic acid plus ammonium or nitrate did not affect rice top growth.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- mixture of each one of organic acids and either ammonium or nitratee0
- Outcome
- growth of tope0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the mixture of each one of organic acids and either ammonium or nitrate, the growth of top was not affected”
t0“rice and wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic acid plus ammonium or nitrate facilitated rice seminal root growth.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- mixture of each one of organic acids and either ammonium or nitratee0
- Outcome
- seminal roote0
- Direction
- facilitatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the mixture of each one of organic acids and either ammonium or nitrate, the growth of top was not affected, however, seminal root was facilitated.”
t0“rice and wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic acid plus ammonium especially enhanced rice crown root growth.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- mixture of organic acids and ammoniume0
- Outcome
- growth of crown roote0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth of crown root was especially enhanced in the mixture of organic acids and ammonium.”
t0“rice and wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyruvate promoted wheat top and seminal root growth.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- pyruvatee0
- Outcome
- top and seminal roote0
- Direction
- promotinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The promoting effects were found on the top and seminal root in pyruvate and succinate treatments but not in glycolate.”
t0“rice and wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Succinate promoted wheat top and seminal root growth.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- succinatee0
- Outcome
- top and seminal roote0
- Direction
- promotinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The promoting effects were found on the top and seminal root in pyruvate and succinate treatments but not in glycolate.”
t0“rice and wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Glycolate did not promote wheat top and seminal root growth.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- glycolatee0
- Outcome
- top and seminal roote0
- Direction
- not in glycolatee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The promoting effects were found on the top and seminal root in pyruvate and succinate treatments but not in glycolate.”
t0“rice and wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrate enhanced wheat top growth.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- nitratee0
- Outcome
- growth of tope0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth of top was enhanced by nitrate”
t0“rice and wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium did not affect wheat seminal root growth.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ammoniume0
- Outcome
- seminal roote0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seminal root was not affected by ammonium or nitrate.”
t0“rice and wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrate did not affect wheat seminal root growth.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- nitratee0
- Outcome
- seminal roote0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seminal root was not affected by ammonium or nitrate.”
t0“rice and wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyruvate plus ammonium advanced wheat top growth.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- mixture of either pyruvate or succinated and ammoniume0
- Outcome
- growth of tope0
- Direction
- progressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth of top was also progressed in case of the mixture of either pyruvate or succinated and ammonium”
t0“rice and wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic acid mixtures with ammonium or nitrate generally promoted wheat seminal root growth except nitrate with glycolate.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- mixture of both ammonium and nitrate with every organic acide0
- Outcome
- seminal roote0
- Direction
- promotede0
- Qualifier
- excepting in combination of nitrate with glycolatee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seminal root was promoted in the mixture of both ammonium and nitrate with every organic acid, excepting in combination of nitrate with glycolate.”
t0“rice and wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic acids had greater effects on growth in rice than wheat.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- influences on the growthe0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- wheate0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“influences on the growth in accordance with these organic acids were greater in rice than in wheat”
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