Abstract
The effect of nitrate supply in the nutrient solution on N accumulation was investigated in various organs of MM.106 apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh.). Increasing nitrate supply increased the concentration and amount of total N in leaves and stems, but there was a saturation point of total N accumulation in response to the nitrate supply. The increased accumulation of total N in leaves and stems with increasing nitrate supply were due to increases in reduced N, since nitrate N remained relatively constant. Reduced N contents of trunk bark and trunk wood were significantly decreased when low nitrate was supplied, whereas that of roots was changed insignificantly. Most organs contained only a small portion of their total N as nitrate. The activities of nitrate reductase (NR) were measured using an in vivo assay either with or without nitrate for estimating reduced N accumulation. The in vivo —N03- NR assay may be a better way to estimate the accumulation of reduced N than the in vivo +N03- NR assay since the in vivo +N03- nitrate reductase activity (NRA) was not related to the changes in the reduced N concentration with the differential nitrate supplies. Increasing nitrate supply significant increased in vivo —N03- NRA of all organs. The rate of increase of the in vivo —N03- leaf NRA was greater than those of stems and roots with increasing nitrate supply. Consequently, the proportion of leaf NRA to the total activity increased as the nitrate supply increased. The roots exhibited higher NRA than leaves and stems. The stem also contributed considerably to the total NRA. It can therefore be concluded that the reduction of nitrate can occur in various organs of MM. 106 apple trees as long as nitrate is available.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nitrate supply increased total N concentration and amount in apple leaves and stems, with saturation.
- Taxon
- apple trees
Malus domesticat0 - Material
- MM. 106t0
- Treatment
- Increasing nitrate supplye0
- Outcome
- concentration and amount of total N in leaves and stemse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- saturation point of total N accumulatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing nitrate supply increased the concentration and amount of total N in leaves and stems, but there was a saturation point of total N accumulation in response to the nitrate supply”
t0“MM. 106 apple trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased total N accumulation in leaves and stems reflected increased reduced N.
- Taxon
- apple treesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- increasing nitrate supplye0
- Compound
- reduced Ne0
- Outcome
- increased accumulation of total N in leaves and stemse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increased accumulation of total N in leaves and stems with increasing nitrate supply were due to increases in reduced N”
t0“MM. 106 apple trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Low nitrate supply significantly decreased reduced N in trunk bark and wood.
- Taxon
- apple treesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- low nitratee0
- Outcome
- Reduced N contents of trunk bark and trunk woode0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Reduced N contents of trunk bark and trunk wood were significantly decreased when low nitrate was supplied”
t0“MM. 106 apple trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Root reduced N changed insignificantly under low nitrate supply.
- Taxon
- apple treesMalus domesticat0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- low nitratee1
- Outcome
- Reduced N contentse2
- Direction
- changed insignificantlye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“whereas that of roots was changed insignificantly”
e1“low nitrate was supplied”
e2“Reduced N contents”
t0“MM. 106 apple trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Most apple organs held only a small fraction of total N as nitrate.
- Taxon
- apple treesMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- small portion of their total N as nitratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Most organs contained only a small portion of their total N as nitrate”
t0“MM. 106 apple trees”
Claim · model-written summary
The in vivo −N03− NR assay may estimate reduced N accumulation better than the +N03− assay.
- Taxon
- apple treesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- in vivo —N03- NR assaye0
- Outcome
- estimate the accumulation of reduced Ne0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- in vivo +N03- NR assaye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The in vivo —N03- NR assay may be a better way to estimate the accumulation of reduced N than the in vivo +N03- NR assay”
t0“MM. 106 apple trees”
Claim · model-written summary
The +N03− nitrate reductase activity was unrelated to reduced N concentration changes across nitrate supplies.
- Taxon
- apple treesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- differential nitrate suppliese0
- Gene
- nitrate reductasee0
- Outcome
- changes in the reduced N concentratione0
- Direction
- not relatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the in vivo +N03- nitrate reductase activity (NRA) was not related to the changes in the reduced N concentration with the differential nitrate supplies”
t0“MM. 106 apple trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nitrate supply significantly raised in vivo −N03− NRA across all organs.
- Taxon
- apple treesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Increasing nitrate supplye0
- Outcome
- in vivo —N03- NRA of all organse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing nitrate supply significant increased in vivo —N03- NRA of all organs”
t0“MM. 106 apple trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf NRA rose faster than stem and root NRA with increasing nitrate supply.
- Taxon
- apple treesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- increasing nitrate supplye0
- Outcome
- in vivo —N03- leaf NRAe0
- Direction
- greater thane0
- Comparator
- stems and rootse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The rate of increase of the in vivo —N03- leaf NRA was greater than those of stems and roots with increasing nitrate supply”
t0“MM. 106 apple trees”
Claim · model-written summary
The leaf share of total NRA increased as nitrate supply increased.
- Taxon
- apple treesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- nitrate supply increasede0
- Outcome
- proportion of leaf NRA to the total activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the proportion of leaf NRA to the total activity increased as the nitrate supply increased”
t0“MM. 106 apple trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Roots had higher NRA than leaves and stems.
- Taxon
- apple treesMalus domesticat0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Outcome
- NRAe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- leaves and stemse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The roots exhibited higher NRA than leaves and stems”
t0“MM. 106 apple trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Stems contributed substantially to total NRA.
- Taxon
- apple treesMalus domesticat0
- Organ / stage
- steme0
- Outcome
- total NRAe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The stem also contributed considerably to the total NRA”
t0“MM. 106 apple trees”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude nitrate reduction can occur in multiple apple organs while nitrate is available.
- Taxon
- apple treesMalus domesticae0
- Material
- MM. 106e0
- Organ / stage
- various organse0
- Outcome
- reduction of nitratee0
- Qualifier
- as long as nitrate is availablee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the reduction of nitrate can occur in various organs of MM. 106 apple trees as long as nitrate is available”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · physiology: enzyme activity · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
nitrogen · nutrient: content · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
25 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
34 papers more in this group
See all 38 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.