Abstract
The systemic insecticide imidacloprid has been used successfully to manage Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring and whitefly-borne geminivirus on tomato in south Florida and elsewhere. We evaluated plant and whitefly responses to imidacloprid in greenhouse grown tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum Miller, transplants and field-grown fresh market staked tomato. Seedlings in transplant trays treated with 1 or 2 mg (AI) per plant applied as a drench were protected from egg deposition for up to 6 wk of exposure to a greenhouse colony of whiteflies. In the field, either 280 or 560 g (AI) ha of imidacloprid applied to the soil at transplanting provided protection from all whitefly stages and was better than or equal to protection obtained with weekly sprays of organophosphate/ pyrethroid insecticide mixtures for up to 9 wk. Movement of geminivirus infection vectored by whitefly adults was suppressed in small plots, indicating that imidacloprid acted rapidly on adults. Treated tomato or eggplant, Solanum melongena L. ‘Black Beauty’, functioned as trap crops by reducing whitefly numbers on adjacent untreated tomato. High application rates and persistence of imidacloprid have combined to increase the likelihood of insecticide resistance and to necessitate the development of an easily reproducible bioassay to facilitate monitoring. A leaf-dip bioassay indicated that the LC50 for 10-d-old whitefly nymphs to imidacloprid was 6.1 mg (AI) /liter and the LC90 32.6 mg (AI) /liter. These results could serve as a baseline for whitefly susceptibility in south Florida, given the lack of any previous exposure to imidacloprid of the tested population.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Imidacloprid drench on tomato transplants protected them from whitefly egg deposition for up to 6 weeks in the greenhouse.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- 1 or 2 mg (AI) per plant applied as a drenche1
- Interactor
- whitefliesAleyrodoideae1pest
- Outcome
- egg depositione1
- Direction
- protectede1
- Qualifier
- for up to 6 wke1
- Setting
- greenhousee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“whitefly-borne geminivirus on tomato in south Florida and elsewhere”
e1“Seedlings in transplant trays treated with 1 or 2 mg (AI) per plant applied as a drench were protected from egg deposition for up to 6 wk of exposure to a greenhouse colony of whiteflies”
Claim · model-written summary
In the field, soil-applied imidacloprid at transplanting protected tomato from all whitefly stages at least as well as weekly insecticide sprays.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- 280 or 560 g (AI) ha of imidacloprid applied to the soil at transplantinge2
- Interactor
- whiteflye2pest
- Outcome
- protection from all whitefly stagese2
- Direction
- better than or equal toe2
- Comparator
- weekly sprays of organophosphate/ pyrethroid insecticide mixturese2
- Setting
- fielde2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“whitefly-borne geminivirus on tomato in south Florida and elsewhere”
e2“In the field, either 280 or 560 g (AI) ha of imidacloprid applied to the soil at transplanting provided protection from all whitefly stages and was better than or equal to protection obtained with weekly sprays of organophosphate/ pyrethroid insecticide mixtures for up to 9 wk”
Claim · model-written summary
Imidacloprid suppressed movement of whitefly-vectored geminivirus infection in small plots.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- imidaclopride3
- Interactor
- geminivirusGeminiviridaee3pathogen
- Second interactor
- whitefly adultse3pest
- Outcome
- Movement of geminivirus infectione3
- Direction
- suppressede3
- Setting
- small plotse3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“whitefly-borne geminivirus on tomato in south Florida and elsewhere”
e3“Movement of geminivirus infection vectored by whitefly adults was suppressed in small plots, indicating that imidacloprid acted rapidly on adults”
Claim · model-written summary
Treated tomato or eggplant acted as trap crops, reducing whitefly numbers on adjacent untreated tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume4
- Treatment
- Treated tomato or eggplante4
- Interactor
- whiteflye5pest
- Outcome
- whitefly numberse5
- Direction
- reducinge5
- Comparator
- adjacent untreated tomatoe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Treated tomato or eggplant, Solanum melongena L.”
e5“functioned as trap crops by reducing whitefly numbers on adjacent untreated tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
The LC50 of imidacloprid for 10-day-old whitefly nymphs was 6.1 mg (AI)/liter.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- imidaclopride6
- Interactor
- whiteflye6pest
- Outcome
- LC50 for 10-d-old whitefly nymphse6
- Value
- 6.1 mg (AI) /litere6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“whitefly-borne geminivirus on tomato in south Florida and elsewhere”
e6“the LC50 for 10-d-old whitefly nymphs to imidacloprid was 6.1 mg (AI) /liter and the LC90 32.6 mg (AI) /liter”
Claim · model-written summary
The LC90 of imidacloprid for 10-day-old whitefly nymphs was 32.6 mg (AI)/liter.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- imidaclopride6
- Interactor
- whiteflye6pest
- Outcome
- LC90e6
- Value
- 32.6 mg (AI) /litere6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“whitefly-borne geminivirus on tomato in south Florida and elsewhere”
e6“the LC50 for 10-d-old whitefly nymphs to imidacloprid was 6.1 mg (AI) /liter and the LC90 32.6 mg (AI) /liter”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest these results could serve as a baseline for whitefly susceptibility in south Florida.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Outcome
- baseline for whitefly susceptibility in south Floridae7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“whitefly-borne geminivirus on tomato in south Florida and elsewhere”
e7“These results could serve as a baseline for whitefly susceptibility in south Florida”
The same questions in other papers
Solanum melongena · pest · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
imidacloprid · control · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
application · Aleyrodoidea · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
transplanting · control · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
9 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.