Abstract
Ascochyta blight, an infection caused by a complex of Ascochyta pinodes, Ascochyta pinodella, Ascochyta pisi, and/or Phoma koolunga, is a destructive disease in many field peas (Pisum sativum L.)-growing regions, and it causes significant losses in grain yield. To understand the composition of fungi associated with this disease in Zhejiang Province, China, a total of 65 single-pycnidiospore fungal isolates were obtained from diseased pea samples collected from 5 locations in this region. These isolates were identified as Ascochyta pinodes by molecular techniques and their morphological and physiological characteristics. The mycelia of ZJ-1 could penetrate pea leaves across the stomas, and formed specific penetration structures and directly pierced leaves. The resistance level of 23 available pea cultivars was tested against their representative isolate A. pinodes ZJ-1 using the excised leaf-assay technique. The ZJ-1 mycelia could penetrate the leaves of all tested cultivars, and they developed typical symptoms, which suggested that all tested cultivars were susceptible to the fungus. Chemical fungicides and biological control agents were screened for management of this disease, and their efficacies were further determined. Most of the tested fungicides (11 out of 14) showed high activity toward ZJ-1 with EC50 < 5 μg/mL. Moreover, fungicides, including tebuconazole, boscalid, iprodione, carbendazim, and fludioxonil, displayed more than 80% disease control efficacy under the recorded conditions. Three biocontrol strains of Bacillus sp. and one of Pantoea agglomerans were isolated from pea-related niches and significantly reduced the severity of disease under greenhouse and field conditions. To our knowledge, this is the first study on ascochyta blight in field peas, and results presented here will be useful for controlling the disease in this area.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
All 65 diseased pea isolates were identified as Ascochyta pinodes.
- Taxon
- field pease2
- Interactor
- Ascochyta pinodes
Didymella pinodese1pathogen - Outcome
- identified as Ascochyta pinodese1
- Value
- 65e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a total of 65 single-pycnidiospore fungal isolates were obtained from diseased pea samples”
e1“These isolates were identified as Ascochyta pinodes”
e2“field peas (Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
ZJ-1 mycelia penetrated pea leaves through stomata and directly with penetration structures.
- Taxon
- pea
Lathyrus oleraceuse0 - Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Interactor
- ZJ-1e0pathogen
- Outcome
- penetrate pea leaves across the stomas, and formed specific penetration structures and directly pierced leavese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mycelia of ZJ-1 could penetrate pea leaves across the stomas, and formed specific penetration structures and directly pierced leaves.”
Claim · model-written summary
All 23 tested pea cultivars were susceptible to A. pinodes ZJ-1.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Material
- 23 available pea cultivarse1
- Interactor
- A. pinodes ZJ-1Didymella pinodese1pathogen
- Outcome
- susceptiblee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all tested cultivars were susceptible to the fungus”
e1“The resistance level of 23 available pea cultivars was tested against their representative isolate A. pinodes ZJ-1”
Claim · model-written summary
Eleven of 14 tested fungicides had high activity toward ZJ-1.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Interactor
- ZJ-1e0pathogen
- Outcome
- high activity toward ZJ-1e0
- Value
- 11 out of 14e0
- Qualifier
- EC50 < 5 μg/mLe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Most of the tested fungicides (11 out of 14) showed high activity toward ZJ-1 with EC50 < 5 μg/mL”
e1“pea cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Five named fungicides each achieved over 80% disease control.
- Taxon
- field pease1
- Treatment
- tebuconazole, boscalid, iprodione, carbendazim, and fludioxonile0
- Outcome
- disease control efficacye0
- Direction
- more thane0
- Value
- more than 80%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“fungicides, including tebuconazole, boscalid, iprodione, carbendazim, and fludioxonil, displayed more than 80% disease control efficacy”
e1“field peas (Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus biocontrol strains significantly reduced disease severity.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- Three biocontrol strains of Bacillus sp.e0
- Interactor
- Bacillus sp.e0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- severity of diseasee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Setting
- greenhouse and field conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three biocontrol strains of Bacillus sp. and one of Pantoea agglomerans were isolated from pea-related niches and significantly reduced the severity of disease under greenhouse and field conditions.”
Claim · model-written summary
Pantoea agglomerans significantly reduced disease severity.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- Pantoea agglomeranse0
- Interactor
- Pantoea agglomerans
Pantoea agglomeranse0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- severity of diseasee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Setting
- greenhouse and field conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three biocontrol strains of Bacillus sp. and one of Pantoea agglomerans were isolated from pea-related niches and significantly reduced the severity of disease under greenhouse and field conditions.”
The same questions in other papers
carbendazim · control · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
biocontrol · disease · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.