Abstract
Successful production of herbage by cool‐season forage grasses in the southern Plains is heavily dependent on a sufficient supply of available nitrogen (N), and appropriate scheduling of N application is an important component of cost‐effective fertilizer use. The effects of different combinations of fall, early‐spring, and late‐spring increments of 22.3 lb N/acre on herbage dry matter (DM) and N yields of annual (Italian) ryegrass ( Lolium multiflorum Lam.) were tested over 3 yr. Fall N application had minimal effect on ryegrass establishment, measured in plant or tiller counts in the following spring. Application of N in fall did not produce harvestable herbage DM in fall and provided significant increase in DM yield in the following spring in only one year out of three. Early‐spring N application produced significant yield increase in two out of three years and provided a mean yield response of 17.2 lb DM/lb N applied. Application of N for regrowth after initial ryegrass harvest in early May produced a mean yield increment of 6.7 lb DM/lb N applied. There was no residual effect of fall or spring N application on warm‐season grass production. Limited N supply (<89 lb N/acre) is likely to be most efficiently used when applied at the beginning of the spring growing season.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Fall nitrogen had minimal effect on ryegrass establishment.
- Treatment
- Fall N applicatione0
- Outcome
- ryegrass establishmente0
- Direction
- minimal effecte0
- Qualifier
- plant or tiller counts in the following springe0
LoliumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fall N application had minimal effect on ryegrass establishment, measured in plant or tiller counts in the following spring”
Claim · model-written summary
Fall nitrogen did not yield harvestable fall dry matter.
- Taxon
- Lolium multiflorum Lam.
Lolium multiflorume1 - Treatment
- Application of N in falle0
- Outcome
- harvestable herbage DMe0
- Direction
- did not producee0
- Qualifier
- in falle0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of N in fall did not produce harvestable herbage DM in fall and provided significant increase in DM yield in the following spring in only one year out of three”
e1“annual (Italian) ryegrass ( Lolium multiflorum Lam.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fall nitrogen increased spring dry matter yield in one of three years.
- Taxon
- Lolium multiflorum Lam.Lolium multiflorume1
- Treatment
- Application of N in falle0
- Outcome
- DM yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- in only one year out of threee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of N in fall did not produce harvestable herbage DM in fall and provided significant increase in DM yield in the following spring in only one year out of three”
e1“annual (Italian) ryegrass ( Lolium multiflorum Lam.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Early spring nitrogen increased yield in two of three years, averaging 17.2 lb DM/lb N.
- Taxon
- Lolium multiflorum Lam.Lolium multiflorume1
- Treatment
- Early‐spring N applicatione0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 17.2 lb DM/lb N appliede0
- Qualifier
- two out of three yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Early‐spring N application produced significant yield increase in two out of three years and provided a mean yield response of 17.2 lb DM/lb N applied”
e1“annual (Italian) ryegrass ( Lolium multiflorum Lam.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen after the first harvest added 6.7 lb DM/lb N to regrowth yield.
- Treatment
- Application of N for regrowth after initial ryegrass harvest in early Maye0
- Outcome
- yield incremente0
- Direction
- incremente0
- Value
- 6.7 lb DM/lb N appliede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of N for regrowth after initial ryegrass harvest in early May produced a mean yield increment of 6.7 lb DM/lb N applied”
Claim · model-written summary
Fall or spring nitrogen had no residual effect on warm season grass production.
- Taxon
- warm‐season grasse0
- Treatment
- fall or spring N applicatione0
- Outcome
- warm‐season grass productione0
- Direction
- no residual effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“There was no residual effect of fall or spring N application on warm‐season grass production”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend applying limited nitrogen at the start of spring.
- Taxon
- Lolium multiflorum Lam.Lolium multiflorume1
- Outcome
- applied at the beginning of the spring growing seasone0
- Qualifier
- Limited N supply (<89 lb N/acre)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Limited N supply (<89 lb N/acre) is likely to be most efficiently used when applied at the beginning of the spring growing season”
e1“annual (Italian) ryegrass ( Lolium multiflorum Lam.)”
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- no effect
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41 papers in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
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See all 54 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.