Abstract
The gas molecule nitric oxide (NO) can cooperate with ethylene to tightly modulate plant growth and stress responses. One of the mechanism of their crosstalk is that NO is able to activate ethylene biosynthesis, possibly through post-translational modification of key enzymes such as ACC synthase and oxidase by S-nitrosylation. In this paper, we focus on the crosstalk of NO with ethylene signaling transduction transcription factor EIN3 (Ethylene Insensitive 3) and downstream gene expression in alleviating germination inhibition and growth damage induced by high salt. The Arabidopsis lines affected in ethylene signaling (ein3eil1) and NO biosynthesis (nia1nia2) were employed to compare with the wild-type Col-0 and overexpressing line EIN3ox. Firstly, the obviously inhibited germination, greater ratio of bleached leaves and enhanced electrolyte leakage were found in ein3eil1 and nia1nia2 lines than in Col-0 plants upon high salinity. However, the line EIN3ox obtained a notably elevated ability to germinate and improved seedling resistance. The experiment with SNP alone or plus high salt mostly enhanced the expression of EIN3 transcripts, compared with ACO4 and ACS2. The western blot and transcript analysis found that high-salt-induced EIN3 stabilization and EIN3 transcripts were largely attenuated in the NO biogenesis mutant nia1nia2 plants than in Col-0 ones. This observation was confirmed by simulation experiments with NO scavenger cPTIO to block NO emission. Taken together, our study provides insights that NO promotes seed germination and seedlings growth under salinity may depend on EIN3 protein.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
The ein3eil1 mutant showed inhibited germination under high salinity compared with Col-0.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise1 - Material
- ein3eil1e2
- Treatment
- high salinitye2
- Outcome
- germinatione2
- Direction
- inhibitede2
- Comparator
- Col-0 plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The Arabidopsis lines affected in ethylene signaling (ein3eil1) and NO biosynthesis (nia1nia2) were employed to compare with the wild-type Col-0 and overexpressing line EIN3ox”
e2“Firstly, the obviously inhibited germination, greater ratio of bleached leaves and enhanced electrolyte leakage were found in ein3eil1 and nia1nia2 lines than in Col-0 plants upon high salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
The ein3eil1 mutant showed a greater ratio of bleached leaves under high salinity compared with Col-0.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Material
- ein3eil1e2
- Treatment
- high salinitye2
- Outcome
- ratio of bleached leavese2
- Direction
- greatere2
- Comparator
- Col-0 plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The Arabidopsis lines affected in ethylene signaling (ein3eil1) and NO biosynthesis (nia1nia2) were employed to compare with the wild-type Col-0 and overexpressing line EIN3ox”
e2“Firstly, the obviously inhibited germination, greater ratio of bleached leaves and enhanced electrolyte leakage were found in ein3eil1 and nia1nia2 lines than in Col-0 plants upon high salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
The ein3eil1 mutant showed enhanced electrolyte leakage under high salinity compared with Col-0.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Material
- ein3eil1e2
- Treatment
- high salinitye2
- Outcome
- electrolyte leakagee2
- Direction
- enhancede2
- Comparator
- Col-0 plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The Arabidopsis lines affected in ethylene signaling (ein3eil1) and NO biosynthesis (nia1nia2) were employed to compare with the wild-type Col-0 and overexpressing line EIN3ox”
e2“Firstly, the obviously inhibited germination, greater ratio of bleached leaves and enhanced electrolyte leakage were found in ein3eil1 and nia1nia2 lines than in Col-0 plants upon high salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
The nia1nia2 mutant showed inhibited germination under high salinity compared with Col-0.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Material
- nia1nia2e2
- Treatment
- high salinitye2
- Outcome
- germinatione2
- Direction
- inhibitede2
- Comparator
- Col-0 plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The Arabidopsis lines affected in ethylene signaling (ein3eil1) and NO biosynthesis (nia1nia2) were employed to compare with the wild-type Col-0 and overexpressing line EIN3ox”
e2“Firstly, the obviously inhibited germination, greater ratio of bleached leaves and enhanced electrolyte leakage were found in ein3eil1 and nia1nia2 lines than in Col-0 plants upon high salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
The nia1nia2 mutant showed a greater ratio of bleached leaves under high salinity compared with Col-0.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Material
- nia1nia2e2
- Treatment
- high salinitye2
- Outcome
- ratio of bleached leavese2
- Direction
- greatere2
- Comparator
- Col-0 plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The Arabidopsis lines affected in ethylene signaling (ein3eil1) and NO biosynthesis (nia1nia2) were employed to compare with the wild-type Col-0 and overexpressing line EIN3ox”
e2“Firstly, the obviously inhibited germination, greater ratio of bleached leaves and enhanced electrolyte leakage were found in ein3eil1 and nia1nia2 lines than in Col-0 plants upon high salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
The nia1nia2 mutant showed enhanced electrolyte leakage under high salinity compared with Col-0.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Material
- nia1nia2e2
- Treatment
- high salinitye2
- Outcome
- electrolyte leakagee2
- Direction
- enhancede2
- Comparator
- Col-0 plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The Arabidopsis lines affected in ethylene signaling (ein3eil1) and NO biosynthesis (nia1nia2) were employed to compare with the wild-type Col-0 and overexpressing line EIN3ox”
e2“Firstly, the obviously inhibited germination, greater ratio of bleached leaves and enhanced electrolyte leakage were found in ein3eil1 and nia1nia2 lines than in Col-0 plants upon high salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
The EIN3ox line showed elevated germination ability under high salt compared with wild-type Col-0.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Material
- EIN3oxe3
- Treatment
- high salte0
- Outcome
- ability to germinatee3
- Direction
- elevatede3
- Comparator
- wild-type Col-0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in alleviating germination inhibition and growth damage induced by high salt”
e1“The Arabidopsis lines affected in ethylene signaling (ein3eil1) and NO biosynthesis (nia1nia2) were employed to compare with the wild-type Col-0 and overexpressing line EIN3ox”
e3“However, the line EIN3ox obtained a notably elevated ability to germinate and improved seedling resistance”
Claim · model-written summary
The EIN3ox line showed improved seedling resistance under high salt compared with wild-type Col-0.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Material
- EIN3oxe3
- Treatment
- high salte0
- Outcome
- seedling resistancee3
- Direction
- improvede3
- Comparator
- wild-type Col-0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in alleviating germination inhibition and growth damage induced by high salt”
e1“The Arabidopsis lines affected in ethylene signaling (ein3eil1) and NO biosynthesis (nia1nia2) were employed to compare with the wild-type Col-0 and overexpressing line EIN3ox”
e3“However, the line EIN3ox obtained a notably elevated ability to germinate and improved seedling resistance”
Claim · model-written summary
SNP alone or with high salt mostly enhanced expression of EIN3 transcripts compared with ACO4 and ACS2.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Treatment
- SNP alone or plus high salte4
- Gene
- EIN3e4
- Outcome
- expression of EIN3 transcriptse4
- Direction
- enhancede4
- Qualifier
- mostlye4
- Comparator
- ACO4 and ACS2e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The Arabidopsis lines affected in ethylene signaling (ein3eil1) and NO biosynthesis (nia1nia2) were employed to compare with the wild-type Col-0 and overexpressing line EIN3ox”
e4“The experiment with SNP alone or plus high salt mostly enhanced the expression of EIN3 transcripts, compared with ACO4 and ACS2”
Claim · model-written summary
High-salt-induced EIN3 stabilization and EIN3 transcripts were largely attenuated in nia1nia2 compared with Col-0.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Material
- nia1nia2e5
- Treatment
- high-salte5
- Gene
- EIN3e5
- Outcome
- EIN3 stabilization and EIN3 transcriptse5
- Direction
- attenuatede5
- Qualifier
- largelye5
- Comparator
- Col-0 onese5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The Arabidopsis lines affected in ethylene signaling (ein3eil1) and NO biosynthesis (nia1nia2) were employed to compare with the wild-type Col-0 and overexpressing line EIN3ox”
e5“The western blot and transcript analysis found that high-salt-induced EIN3 stabilization and EIN3 transcripts were largely attenuated in the NO biogenesis mutant nia1nia2 plants than in Col-0 ones”
Claim · model-written summary
Blocking NO emission with the scavenger cPTIO confirmed attenuation of high-salt-induced EIN3 stabilization and EIN3 transcripts.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Treatment
- NO scavenger cPTIOe6
- Outcome
- EIN3 stabilization and EIN3 transcriptse5
- Direction
- attenuatede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The Arabidopsis lines affected in ethylene signaling (ein3eil1) and NO biosynthesis (nia1nia2) were employed to compare with the wild-type Col-0 and overexpressing line EIN3ox”
e5“The western blot and transcript analysis found that high-salt-induced EIN3 stabilization and EIN3 transcripts were largely attenuated in the NO biogenesis mutant nia1nia2 plants than in Col-0 ones”
e6“This observation was confirmed by simulation experiments with NO scavenger cPTIO to block NO emission”
Claim · model-written summary
NO promotes seed germination and seedling growth under salinity, possibly through EIN3 protein.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Gene
- EIN3 proteine7
- Outcome
- seed germination and seedlings growth under salinitye7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The Arabidopsis lines affected in ethylene signaling (ein3eil1) and NO biosynthesis (nia1nia2) were employed to compare with the wild-type Col-0 and overexpressing line EIN3ox”
e7“NO promotes seed germination and seedlings growth under salinity may depend on EIN3 protein”
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See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.